Exam 1: Exploring the Evolution of English As Globish

Esperanto is the term used for English as a global language; also the name used for another language approach for international communication with a simplified version of English, stripped down to essentials without idiomatic expressions and popular cultural references.

___ was the time period when the Norman Conquest changed the official language from English to French, creating a trilingual culture with Latin still in use for religion and scholarship.

English is now the lingua franca in international business and PR today.

___ was the time period in the evolution of English when Latin became the lingua franca in administration and education after Julius Caesar and the Roman Empire invaded Britain in 55 BC.

Which time period sparked a rich oral tradition of storytelling and new English literature (such as Beowulf)?

Sociolinguist Braj Kachru developed a model of three concentric language circles that defined English by location. What is the inner circle?

Which time period in the evolution of English is known for satellites, 24/7 cable news, Internet, social media, and mobile technology-and worldwide dissemination of English-language movies and music?

Which term on English education has been dominant in the 20th century that has focused on emulating native English speakers while learning about their culture?

Early Modern English is the time period when the first English-language books and bibles were published.

List three factors that have led to English becoming the lingua franca in business today?

Which language was the lingua franca from the 18th century to early 20th century and still remains an official language in European and African multilateral organizations?

Since the 1890s, new terms on English spoken in international business settings have become widespread: English as a Business Language.

Germanic tribes from Continental Europe-Angles, Saxons, and Jutes-invaded Britain in A.D. 449, influencing the development of English during the period of Later Old English.

During the Early Old English period, English strengthened in literature and common usage; Hundred Years War with France instilled loyalty to English language; Peasants' Revolt and Black Death led to rise of leadership of English-speaking workers.

English as a Foreign Language refers to the English primarily taught in countries that were former British colonies in Africa, Asia, and the Caribbean that continue to use English.

Describe the three concentric languages developed by Kachru? Why are they debated today?

___ is the time period known for the Viking invasion of Scandinavian peoples who brought over other linguistic influences to the development of English, and when King Alfred was instrumental in having Latin texts translated into English and setting up English-language education.

According to Braj Kachru, the expanding circle is where English is a foreign language, such as in Japan, China, Brazil, and Russia.

Lingua franca is the most commonly used language by people who speak other languages to communicate collectively.

Which time period comprised the Renaissance and reign of Elizabeth I, rich with economic growth and cultural and scientific achievements?