Question 1

With regard to young offenders, what are the main criticisms of the 'anti-social behaviour agenda'?

Accepted Answer

Despite guidance being issued emphasising the need for full consultation with the relevant YOT prior to an order being sought (YJB et al., 2005) there is evidence that this is being circumvented with applications being made in adult courts not covered by YOT representatives and that ASBOs, following breach, have been dragging into custody young people who would not previously have got there.

Question 2

The introduction of Anti-Social Behaviour Orders (ASBOs) as part of the 1998 Crime and Disorder Act was aimed at helping communities without using criminal sanctions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

What evidence is there of the particular vulnerability of young people held in custody?

Accepted Answer

A Department of Health Psychiatric Morbidity survey (Lader et al., 1997) found that in the 12 months before entering prison, 13 per cent of male young offenders on remand and 11 per cent of those sentenced to custody had received help or treatment for a mental or emotional problem. The proportion among female young offenders was approximately double the total for males at 27 per cent - reflecting a similar pattern of particular vulnerability for adult female prisoners.

Question 4

From self report data, what is the Home Office's (2006) definition of 'frequent' offending?

Accepted Answer

A) two or more offences in the previous year 
B) six or more offences in the previous year 
C) ten or more offences in the previous year 
A) two or more offences in the previous year 
B) six or more offences in the previous year 
C) ten or more offences in the previous year

Question 5

In the 1950s which of the following functions did the Ingleby Committee feel to be in conflict in the juvenile court?

Accepted Answer

A) the judicial functions 
B) the magistrate's functions 
C) the welfare functions 
A) the judicial functions 
B) the magistrate's functions 
C) the welfare functions

Question 6

From the late 1970s, which drugs were a cause of particular anxiety as far as youth behaviour was concerned?

Accepted Answer

A) 'crack' cocaine 
B) heroin 
C) methadone 
D) cannabis 
A) 'crack' cocaine 
B) heroin 
C) methadone 
D) cannabis

Question 7

According to self report studies, what is the peak age for offending for young men?

Accepted Answer

A) 10 to 15 
B) 15 to 18 
C) 18 to 24 
A) 10 to 15 
B) 15 to 18 
C) 18 to 24

Question 8

Young people are most likely to be the victims of personal crime.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Cannabis is the most frequently used illicit drug used by 15 -20 year olds.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

What is an ISSP?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is an ISSP?...

Question 11

Youth Court referral orders are mandatory for a minimum of three and a maximum of 12 months depending on the seriousness of the crime.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

What were two aspects of the new Conservative government's youth justice policy's 'law and order' manifesto at the end of the 1970s?

Accepted Answer

A) more social workers should be employed 
B) detention centres with 'tougher' regimes 
C) the 'short, sharp shock' treatment 
A) more social workers should be employed 
B) detention centres with 'tougher' regimes 
C) the 'short, sharp shock' treatment

Question 13

The early 1990s saw anxiety about youth crime rise. What was the Government's response?

Accepted Answer

A) the abandonment of measure to reduce the juvenile prison population 
B) secure training orders 
C) a more caring and understanding approach 
D) research into the causes of youth crime 
A) the abandonment of measure to reduce the juvenile prison population 
B) secure training orders 
C) a more caring and understanding approach 
D) research into the causes of youth crime

Question 14

What was the composition of New Labour's Youth Offending Teams (YOTs)?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What was the composition of New Labour's...

Question 15

No child under the age of ten can be found guilty in England and Wales.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Why are official criminal statistics particularly problematic in estimating trends in youth crime?

Accepted Answer

A) because people lie about their age 
B) because young people cannot be surveyed without parental consent 
C) because the number of ten to 17 year-olds in the population may change 
A) because people lie about their age 
B) because young people cannot be surveyed without parental consent 
C) because the number of ten to 17 year-olds in the population may change

Question 17

What percentage of all those cautioned or convicted are aged under 21?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.37 
B) 0.47 
C) 0.57 
A) 0.37 
B) 0.47 
C) 0.57

Question 18

How does restorative youth justice operate?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How does restorative youth justice operate?...

Exam 30: Youth Crime and Youth Justice

With regard to young offenders, what are the main criticisms of the 'anti-social behaviour agenda'?

The introduction of Anti-Social Behaviour Orders (ASBOs) as part of the 1998 Crime and Disorder Act was aimed at helping communities without using criminal sanctions.

What evidence is there of the particular vulnerability of young people held in custody?

From self report data, what is the Home Office's (2006) definition of 'frequent' offending?

In the 1950s which of the following functions did the Ingleby Committee feel to be in conflict in the juvenile court?

From the late 1970s, which drugs were a cause of particular anxiety as far as youth behaviour was concerned?

According to self report studies, what is the peak age for offending for young men?

Young people are most likely to be the victims of personal crime.

Cannabis is the most frequently used illicit drug used by 15 -20 year olds.

What is an ISSP?

Youth Court referral orders are mandatory for a minimum of three and a maximum of 12 months depending on the seriousness of the crime.

What were two aspects of the new Conservative government's youth justice policy's 'law and order' manifesto at the end of the 1970s?

The early 1990s saw anxiety about youth crime rise. What was the Government's response?

What was the composition of New Labour's Youth Offending Teams (YOTs)?

No child under the age of ten can be found guilty in England and Wales.

Why are official criminal statistics particularly problematic in estimating trends in youth crime?

What percentage of all those cautioned or convicted are aged under 21?

How does restorative youth justice operate?

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