Exam 13: Mixtures at the Molecular Level: Properties of Solutions

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What is the mass percent of CdSO4 in a 2.00 molal aqueous CdSO4 solution? Assume that exactly 1 ml water = 1 g water at this temperature. Do these numbers 1 mL and 1 g only have 1 significant figure?

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An aqueous solution is prepared by mixing 0.2750 moles of NaOH (40.00 g mol-1)with 189.0 g of water. Its density is 1.065 g mL-1. What is the percent by weight of NaOH in the solution?

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What is the freezing point of a solution that contains 20.0 g of glucose (C6H12O6)in 100.0 g of H2O? Kf for water is 1.86°C/m.

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Consider a 0.900 M Al(NO3)3 solution. This solution has a nitrate ion concentration of

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A chemist isolates a new compound with an empirical formula C3H3O2. 3.52 g of the unknown compound was dissolved in 100.0 g of water. The resulting solution had a freezing point of -0.307°C. What is the molecular formula for the unknown compound?For water, Kf = 1.86°C m−1.Hint: Use the freezing point depression to find the molar mass of the compound, then find the molecular formula as in Chapter 3.

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How many moles of the nonelectrolyte, propylene glycol (C3H8O2)should be dissolved in 800.0 g of water to prepare a solution whose freezing point is -3.72°C?For water, Kf is 1.86°C m-1 and Kb is 0.512°C m-1.

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Substances that have both a hydrophobic end and a hydrophilic end to their molecular structure can form a spherical structure called a ________.

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Describe what a colligative property is. Explain Raoult's Law in terms of colligative properties.

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How many liters of ethylene glycol antifreeze (C2H6O2), with a density of 1.100 g/mL, would you add to your car radiator containing 15.0 kg of water if you needed to protect your engine to -21.5°C? For water, Kf = 1.86°C m−1.Hint: Find molality, moles, grams of solute, milliliters, then liters, making sure to pay attention to units.

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At 28.0°C, the vapor pressure of n-propyl mercaptan, C3H7SH, is 175 torr, while that ofacetonitrile, CH3CN, is 102 torr. What is the vapor pressure, at 28.0°C, of a solution made bymixing 80.0 g of C3H7SH and 120.0 g CH3CN, if Raoult's Law is obeyed?Hint: Organizing the given information into moles and mole fraction of each component will help in solving this problem.

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A solution in a beaker has some un-dissolved solute lying on the bottom of the beaker. If the rate of crystallization is equal to the rate of dissolution of the excess solute, the solution is described as

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Pure benzene, C6H6, has a freezing point of 5.45°C. Its freezing point depressionconstant is: Kf = 5.07 °C m-1. A solution was made by taking 10.00 g of an unknown nonelectrolyte and dissolving it in 105.0 g of benzene. The measured freezing point of the solution was -1.05°C. Calculate the molecular weight of the unknown substance.Hint: Find molality, then moles, then molar mass, being sure to keep track of units.

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Which aqueous solution will have the lowest freezing point temperature?

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