Question 1

How does an experimenter try to equate the experimental group and the control group?​

Accepted Answer

A) The experimenter attempts to increase the demand characteristics. 
B) ​The experimenter attempts to eliminate all independent variables. 
C) ​The experimenter attempts to eliminate all dependent variables. 
D) ​The experimenter uses random assignment of participants. 
A) The experimenter attempts to increase the demand characteristics. 
B) ​The experimenter attempts to eliminate all independent variables. 
C) ​The experimenter attempts to eliminate all dependent variables. 
D) ​The experimenter uses random assignment of participants.

Question 2

If scientists cannot find conditions under which they can replicate a research result,what do they do?​

Accepted Answer

A) They assume that the original researcher was dishonest.​ 
B) ​They continue to accept the original finding anyway. 
C) ​They ignore the result in theory and practice. 
D) ​They assume that the finding depends on influences that science cannot measure. 
A) They assume that the original researcher was dishonest.​ 
B) ​They continue to accept the original finding anyway. 
C) ​They ignore the result in theory and practice. 
D) ​They assume that the finding depends on influences that science cannot measure.

Question 3

Which of these refers to the idea that we accept results only if other investigators can repeat them?​

Accepted Answer

A) Significance 
B) ​Replicability 
C) ​Determinism 
D) ​Parsimony 
A) Significance 
B) ​Replicability 
C) ​Determinism 
D) ​Parsimony

Question 4

A company pays one group of workers weekly and another group,randomly chosen,once a month.It compares the workers' effectiveness.What is the independent variable in this experiment?​

Accepted Answer

A) The frequency of pay 
B) ​The difficulty of the job 
C) ​Daily variations in the weather 
D) ​The workers' job effectiveness 
A) The frequency of pay 
B) ​The difficulty of the job 
C) ​Daily variations in the weather 
D) ​The workers' job effectiveness

Question 5

During the last five days,Sarah studied 3,5,9,3,and 10 hours (for a total of 30).What was her median number of hours studied per day?​

Accepted Answer

A) 3 
B) ​5 
C) ​6 
D) ​9 
A) 3 
B) ​5 
C) ​6 
D) ​9

Question 6

If increases in variable A have no relationship to the values of variable B,then what type of correlation holds between A and B?​

Accepted Answer

A) A has a positive correlation with B. 
B) ​A has a zero correlation with B. 
C) ​A has a negative correlation with B. 
D) ​We do not have enough information to know the direction of correlation. 
A) A has a positive correlation with B. 
B) ​A has a zero correlation with B. 
C) ​A has a negative correlation with B. 
D) ​We do not have enough information to know the direction of correlation.

Question 7

Researchers typically consider a result statistically significant if which of these is true?​

Accepted Answer

A) The median is greater than the mean. 
B) ​The mean is greater than the median. 
C) ​The correlation coefficient is close to zero. 
D) ​The value of p is less than 0.05. 
A) The median is greater than the mean. 
B) ​The mean is greater than the median. 
C) ​The correlation coefficient is close to zero. 
D) ​The value of p is less than 0.05.

Question 8

What does a correlation measure?​

Accepted Answer

A) It measures the percentage of people who agree with a certain statement. 
B) ​It measures the relationship between two variables. 
C) ​It measures the changes in a group of people over time. 
D) ​It measures the effect of an experimental procedure. 
A) It measures the percentage of people who agree with a certain statement. 
B) ​It measures the relationship between two variables. 
C) ​It measures the changes in a group of people over time. 
D) ​It measures the effect of an experimental procedure.

Question 9

Dr.Wow believes a certain training program can increase creativity.She administers the program to a randomly chosen group,and not to the control group,and later evaluates the ideas from the experimental group as being more creative.What procedure would have improved this study?​

Accepted Answer

A) She should have had more people in the experimental than the control group. 
B) ​She should have had a blind observer evaluate the creativity. 
C) ​She should have been careful to eliminate all independent variables. 
D) ​She should have let people decide whether to be in the experimental or control group. 
A) She should have had more people in the experimental than the control group. 
B) ​She should have had a blind observer evaluate the creativity. 
C) ​She should have been careful to eliminate all independent variables. 
D) ​She should have let people decide whether to be in the experimental or control group.

Question 10

If the correlation between two variables is strongly negative,which of these is true?​

Accepted Answer

A) We could use measurements of one of them to help predict the other. 
B) ​The two variables are unrelated. 
C) ​One of the variables has much smaller values than the other. 
D) ​The relationship between the two variables has been growing weaker over time. 
A) We could use measurements of one of them to help predict the other. 
B) ​The two variables are unrelated. 
C) ​One of the variables has much smaller values than the other. 
D) ​The relationship between the two variables has been growing weaker over time.

Question 11

What is the benefit of random assignment in an experiment?​

Accepted Answer

A) It increases the probable effect of the procedure. 
B) ​It minimizes the need for statistical tests after the data have been collected. 
C) ​It reduces the chance that the groups differ greatly at the start of the experiment. 
D) ​It decreases the influence of any independent variables. 
A) It increases the probable effect of the procedure. 
B) ​It minimizes the need for statistical tests after the data have been collected. 
C) ​It reduces the chance that the groups differ greatly at the start of the experiment. 
D) ​It decreases the influence of any independent variables.

Question 12

Which of the following is an operational definition of "thriftiness"?​

Accepted Answer

A) A desire to save money 
B) ​The amount of money saved per month 
C) ​A reputation for spending money carefully 
D) ​A feeling of nervousness whenever purchasing something expensive 
A) A desire to save money 
B) ​The amount of money saved per month 
C) ​A reputation for spending money carefully 
D) ​A feeling of nervousness whenever purchasing something expensive

Question 13

What do supporters of extrasensory perception assert?​

Accepted Answer

A) They assert that at least some people have an additional sense organ that perceives energies that other people do not perceive. 
B) ​They assert that all people have an additional sense organ that scientists don't know about. 
C) ​They assert that some people gain information without receiving anything through any sense organ. 
D) ​They assert that some people are luckier at guessing than other people are. 
A) They assert that at least some people have an additional sense organ that perceives energies that other people do not perceive. 
B) ​They assert that all people have an additional sense organ that scientists don't know about. 
C) ​They assert that some people gain information without receiving anything through any sense organ. 
D) ​They assert that some people are luckier at guessing than other people are.

Question 14

In both science and the legal system,which side has the "burden of proof"?​

Accepted Answer

A) The side that is defending the current point of view 
B) ​The side that should find it possible to present convincing evidence, if it is right 
C) ​The side that has more to lose, if it is wrong 
D) ​The side that has fewer supporters 
A) The side that is defending the current point of view 
B) ​The side that should find it possible to present convincing evidence, if it is right 
C) ​The side that has more to lose, if it is wrong 
D) ​The side that has fewer supporters

Question 15

Of these correlation coefficients,which indicates the strongest relationship between variables?​

Accepted Answer

A) +0.5 
B) ​+0.25 
C) ​0 
D) ​-0.75 
A) +0.5 
B) ​+0.25 
C) ​0 
D) ​-0.75

Question 16

A therapist provides treatment to 50 percent of people with depression seeking help,while putting the others on a waiting list.After three months,he evaluates most of his patients as less depressed than those on the waiting list.What is wrong with this study?​

Accepted Answer

A) The therapist should have used a blind observer. 
B) ​The study has too many independent variables. 
C) ​The study does not have enough demand characteristics. 
D) ​The study should have had more people on the waiting list. 
A) The therapist should have used a blind observer. 
B) ​The study has too many independent variables. 
C) ​The study does not have enough demand characteristics. 
D) ​The study should have had more people on the waiting list.

Question 17

What is the relationship between the value of p (such as p < 0.05)and statistical significance?​

Accepted Answer

A) The closer the value of p is to 0.05, the more significant the result is. 
B) ​The higher the value of p, the more significant the result is. 
C) ​The lower the value of p, the more significant the result is. 
D) ​The value of p is unrelated to statistical significance. 
A) The closer the value of p is to 0.05, the more significant the result is. 
B) ​The higher the value of p, the more significant the result is. 
C) ​The lower the value of p, the more significant the result is. 
D) ​The value of p is unrelated to statistical significance.

Question 18

A professor presents a test in black ink for half the students and in red ink for the other half,and compares the students' test scores.What is the dependent variable in this experiment?​

Accepted Answer

A) The number of students in each group 
B) ​The color of ink on the test 
C) ​The students' test scores 
D) ​The difficulty of the test 
A) The number of students in each group 
B) ​The color of ink on the test 
C) ​The students' test scores 
D) ​The difficulty of the test

Question 19

If other investigators repeat a study with similar results,what is the result said to be?​

Accepted Answer

A) Analytical 
B) ​Redundant 
C) ​Parsimonious 
D) ​Replicable 
A) Analytical 
B) ​Redundant 
C) ​Parsimonious 
D) ​Replicable

Question 20

If the correlation between variables A and B is negative,what can we conclude?​

Accepted Answer

A) Increases in A are associated with decreases in B. 
B) ​Measurements of A are lower than the measurements of B. 
C) ​The values of A are unrelated to the values of B. 
D) ​The strength of the relationship between A and B has been growing weaker over time. 
A) Increases in A are associated with decreases in B. 
B) ​Measurements of A are lower than the measurements of B. 
C) ​The values of A are unrelated to the values of B. 
D) ​The strength of the relationship between A and B has been growing weaker over time.

Exam 2: Scientific Methods in Psychology

How does an experimenter try to equate the experimental group and the control group?​

If scientists cannot find conditions under which they can replicate a research result,what do they do?​

Which of these refers to the idea that we accept results only if other investigators can repeat them?​

A company pays one group of workers weekly and another group,randomly chosen,once a month.It compares the workers' effectiveness.What is the independent variable in this experiment?​

During the last five days,Sarah studied 3,5,9,3,and 10 hours (for a total of 30).What was her median number of hours studied per day?​

If increases in variable A have no relationship to the values of variable B,then what type of correlation holds between A and B?​

Researchers typically consider a result statistically significant if which of these is true?​

What does a correlation measure?​

Dr.Wow believes a certain training program can increase creativity.She administers the program to a randomly chosen group,and not to the control group,and later evaluates the ideas from the experimental group as being more creative.What procedure would have improved this study?​

If the correlation between two variables is strongly negative,which of these is true?​

What is the benefit of random assignment in an experiment?​

Which of the following is an operational definition of "thriftiness"?​

What do supporters of extrasensory perception assert?​

In both science and the legal system,which side has the "burden of proof"?​

Of these correlation coefficients,which indicates the strongest relationship between variables?​

A therapist provides treatment to 50 percent of people with depression seeking help,while putting the others on a waiting list.After three months,he evaluates most of his patients as less depressed than those on the waiting list.What is wrong with this study?​

What is the relationship between the value of p (such as p < 0.05)and statistical significance?​

A professor presents a test in black ink for half the students and in red ink for the other half,and compares the students' test scores.What is the dependent variable in this experiment?​

If other investigators repeat a study with similar results,what is the result said to be?​

If the correlation between variables A and B is negative,what can we conclude?​

What Is Psychology

A: Scientific Methods in Psychology

Biological Psychology

A: Biological Psychology

Sensation and Perception

A: Sensation and Perception

Development

A: Development

Learning

A: Learning

Memory

A: Memory

Cognition and Language

A: Cognition and Language

Intelligenceintelligence

A: Intelligence Intelligence

Consciousnessconsciousness

A: Consciousnessconsciousness

Motivated Behaviorsmotivated Behaviors

A: Motivated Behaviorsmotivated Behaviors

Part 1 Emotions,stress,and Healthemotions,stress,and Health

A: Emotional,stress,and Healthemotional,stress,and Health

Social Psychologysocial Psychology

A: Social Psychologysocial Psychology

Personalitypersonality

A: Personalitypersonality

Part 1 Abnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatmentabnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatment

A: Abnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatmentabnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatment

Filters

How does an experimenter try to equate the experimental group and the control group?

If scientists cannot find conditions under which they can replicate a research result,what do they do?

Which of these refers to the idea that we accept results only if other investigators can repeat them?

A company pays one group of workers weekly and another group,randomly chosen,once a month.It compares the workers' effectiveness.What is the independent variable in this experiment?

During the last five days,Sarah studied 3,5,9,3,and 10 hours (for a total of 30).What was her median number of hours studied per day?

If increases in variable A have no relationship to the values of variable B,then what type of correlation holds between A and B?

Researchers typically consider a result statistically significant if which of these is true?

What does a correlation measure?

Dr.Wow believes a certain training program can increase creativity.She administers the program to a randomly chosen group,and not to the control group,and later evaluates the ideas from the experimental group as being more creative.What procedure would have improved this study?

If the correlation between two variables is strongly negative,which of these is true?

What is the benefit of random assignment in an experiment?

Which of the following is an operational definition of "thriftiness"?

What do supporters of extrasensory perception assert?

In both science and the legal system,which side has the "burden of proof"?

Of these correlation coefficients,which indicates the strongest relationship between variables?

A therapist provides treatment to 50 percent of people with depression seeking help,while putting the others on a waiting list.After three months,he evaluates most of his patients as less depressed than those on the waiting list.What is wrong with this study?

What is the relationship between the value of p (such as p < 0.05)and statistical significance?

A professor presents a test in black ink for half the students and in red ink for the other half,and compares the students' test scores.What is the dependent variable in this experiment?

If other investigators repeat a study with similar results,what is the result said to be?

If the correlation between variables A and B is negative,what can we conclude?