Exam 5: Physical Development in Infancy

The cerebral cortex is responsible for __________.

The fact that an infant is able to control her arms before she can effectively utilize her fingers demonstrates the __________ principle.

Initially infants are only able to bat at objects; they then learn to grasp objects utilizing the whole hand. Later, infants are able to pick up small objects with just the index finger and thumb. This illustrates the __________ principle.

__________ is a disorder in which seemingly healthy infants die in their sleep.

By age 2, the baby's head is only __________ of its body length.

Dynamic systems theory proposes that crawling is a result of __________.

Like all cells in the body, __________ have a cell body containing a nucleus. But unlike other cells, they have the ability to communicate with other cells.

As we age, the total amount of time we sleep __________, and the proportion of REM sleep __________.

Initially, rapid eye movement accounts for about __________ of an infant's sleep.

Neurons communicate by sending chemical messengers, __________, that travel across the small gaps known as __________, between neurons.

Obesity is defined as __________.

The American Academy of Pediatrics has helped to reduce the incidence of sudden infant death syndrome by requesting that parents place an infant on the __________ when the infant sleeps.

Newborn Petra had a tendency to turn her head toward things that touched her cheek. This is an example of the __________ reflex.

When considering the development of the brain, one biological function that demonstrates the importance of environmental interaction is __________.

Which statement is true about obesity?

By the end of the first year, children average a height of __________ inches.

Why does the rooting reflex have survival value?

At birth, the average baby weighs approximately __________ pounds.

Kipsigis infants of Africa do not sleep for periods greater than 3 hours for the first 8 months of life; however, 8-month-old infants in the United States may sleep for as long as 8 hours at a time. This difference is the result of __________.

Six-month-old Natalia crawled to the edge of a pool and fell in. Her mother found her lying facedown in the water, paddling and kicking. Her mother immediately pulled Natalia out of the pool. This is an example of the __________ reflex.