Question 1

Explain the significance of developmentally appropriate education.

Accepted Answer

A good answer would include the following key points:
1. Developmentally appropriate educational practice is education based on both typical development and the unique characteristics of a given child.
2. Research on cognitive development emphasizes the importance on stimuli that is at an appropriate level; too much or too little hinders cognitive development.
3. Developmentally appropriate activities allow the child to be challenged without the frustration of unrealistic expectations.
4. Developmental psychologist David Elkind suggests that it is important to provide an environment in which learning is encouraged but not pushed.

Question 2

Emma knows her bedtime routine. First, she brushes her teeth and washes her face. Then, her mother reads a bedtime story. Next, she hugs her brother, mother, and father. Finally, her mother tucks her into bed. Emma has developed a(n) __________ for "going to bed."

Accepted Answer

A)  autobiographical memory 
B)  script 
C)  egocentric thought 
D)  intuitive thought 
A)  autobiographical memory 
B)  script 
C)  egocentric thought 
D)  intuitive thought B

Question 3

Research in the field of forensic developmental psychology reveals that preschool children __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  have accurate autobiographical memories at all times 
B)  do not develop scripts until age 5 
C)  are susceptible to the suggestions of adults asking them questions 
D)  do not have the ability to form autobiographical memories 
A)  have accurate autobiographical memories at all times 
B)  do not develop scripts until age 5 
C)  are susceptible to the suggestions of adults asking them questions 
D)  do not have the ability to form autobiographical memories C

Question 4

According to Piaget, a key aspect of preoperational thought is __________, the ability to use a mental symbol, a word, or an object to stand for or represent something that is not physically present.

Accepted Answer

A)  transformation 
B)  symbolic function 
C)  centration 
D)  conservation 
A)  transformation 
B)  symbolic function 
C)  centration 
D)  conservation

Question 5

Cultural differences in attitudes toward preschool include which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Parents in China tend to see preschools primarily as a way of giving children a good start academically. 
B)  Japanese parents view preschools primarily as a way of giving children the opportunity to be independent. 
C)  American parents regard preschools as babysitting services. 
D)  Parents in most cultures view preschools as imperative to help children learn to obey authority. 
A)  Parents in China tend to see preschools primarily as a way of giving children a good start academically. 
B)  Japanese parents view preschools primarily as a way of giving children the opportunity to be independent. 
C)  American parents regard preschools as babysitting services. 
D)  Parents in most cultures view preschools as imperative to help children learn to obey authority.

Question 6

As Juan Carlos attempts to make a difficult puzzle, his father provides assistance. For instance, for one of the puzzle pieces, he says "Juan Carlos, you need to turn that piece around to make it fit." This support is called __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  assistance 
B)  structure 
C)  guided participation 
D)  scaffolding 
A)  assistance 
B)  structure 
C)  guided participation 
D)  scaffolding

Question 7

Now think about some of the limitations Piaget describes in this period. What limitations have you observed? Does your child now think logically, or do you observe your child using intuitive or primitive reasoning? Specifically, think about Piaget's constructs of centration, conservation, and egocentric thought. Identify some scenarios in which you have observed these limitations in your child's thinking.

Accepted Answer

Some of the limitations that Piaget desc

Question 8

A(n) __________ is a broad representation in memory of events and the order in which they occur.

Accepted Answer

A)  script 
B)  autobiographical memory 
C)  false memory 
D)  intuitive thought 
A)  script 
B)  autobiographical memory 
C)  false memory 
D)  intuitive thought

Question 9

Ten-year-old Stephanie knows that she can easily trick her 4-year-old brother, Aaron, into accepting fewer pieces of candy. To do so, she places the pieces of candy in two rows. The first row contains 10 pieces of candy spaced closely together and the second row contains 8 pieces of candy spaced far apart. Aaron always chooses the row that contains the 8 pieces of candy. Aaron reasons that it looks like it has more, so it must be so. He does this even though he knows that 10 is greater than 8. According to Piaget, Aaron's problem stems from __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  centration 
B)  operation 
C)  symbolic function 
D)  egocentric thinking 
A)  centration 
B)  operation 
C)  symbolic function 
D)  egocentric thinking

Question 10

On an average day, more than __________ percent of toddlers and preschoolers in the United States watch television.

Accepted Answer

A)  80 
B)  85 
C)  90 
D)  95 
A)  80 
B)  85 
C)  90 
D)  95

Question 11

Asha takes her son Raj to a preschool center where the curriculum emphasizes the joint participation of children and teachers. She is impressed that the center builds the curriculum based on the interests of the children. This program is known as __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  day care 
B)  family child care 
C)  Montessori preschool 
D)  Reggio Emilia preschool 
A)  day care 
B)  family child care 
C)  Montessori preschool 
D)  Reggio Emilia preschool

Question 12

Which of the following best describes Vygotsky's view of cognitive development?

Accepted Answer

A)  Development consists of gradual improvements in the ways children perceive, understand, and remember information. 
B)  Development occurs in a series of stages. 
C)  Development is a result of social interactions in which children work with mentors to solve problems. 
D)  Development is not affected by social or cultural factors. 
A)  Development consists of gradual improvements in the ways children perceive, understand, and remember information. 
B)  Development occurs in a series of stages. 
C)  Development is a result of social interactions in which children work with mentors to solve problems. 
D)  Development is not affected by social or cultural factors.

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of an autobiographical memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  counting to 10 
B)  recognizing words 
C)  eating breakfast at home 
D)  recognizing faces 
A)  counting to 10 
B)  recognizing words 
C)  eating breakfast at home 
D)  recognizing faces

Question 14

Preschool children build their vocabularies at a rapid rate that requires that after the briefest encounter they can associate a word and its meaning. This is known as __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  syntax 
B)  fast mapping 
C)  grammar 
D)  pragmatics 
A)  syntax 
B)  fast mapping 
C)  grammar 
D)  pragmatics

Question 15

According to Piaget, your child is now in the preoperational stage of cognitive development. What have you noticed about the changes in your child's thinking in comparison to the sensorimotor period? Is thought still grounded in motor activity? Or perhaps you have observed your child's capacity for symbolic function. Has your child become better at representing events internally and grown less dependent on the use of direct sensorimotor behavior? Describe these changes.

Accepted Answer

In the preoperational stage of cognitive

Question 16

The key to assuring effective, positive child care is to enroll the child in a __________ program.

Accepted Answer

A)  private 
B)  public 
C)  high-quality 
D)  family child care 
A)  private 
B)  public 
C)  high-quality 
D)  family child care

Question 17

One the greatest developments of the preoperational stage is the child's growing use of __________ to represent the past, present, and future.

Accepted Answer

A)  language 
B)  operations 
C)  transformation 
D)  egocentrism 
A)  language 
B)  operations 
C)  transformation 
D)  egocentrism

Question 18

One characteristic of high-quality day care is that __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the care providers serve three meals a day 
B)  the child-teacher ratio is 15:1 or better 
C)  the language environment is rich, with a great deal of conversation 
D)  there are strict and clear boundaries so that children learn to speak only when asked a question 
A)  the care providers serve three meals a day 
B)  the child-teacher ratio is 15:1 or better 
C)  the language environment is rich, with a great deal of conversation 
D)  there are strict and clear boundaries so that children learn to speak only when asked a question

Question 19

Preschoolers learn one new word every 2 hours. They manage this feat through a process known as __________, in which new words are associated with their meaning after only a brief encounter.

Accepted Answer

A)  syntax 
B)  fast mapping 
C)  pragmatics 
D)  grammar 
A)  syntax 
B)  fast mapping 
C)  pragmatics 
D)  grammar

Question 20

Which of the following countries has no coordinated national policy on preschool education?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sweden 
B)  United States 
C)  Belgium 
D)  Russia 
A)  Sweden 
B)  United States 
C)  Belgium 
D)  Russia

Explain the significance of developmentally appropriate education.

Emma knows her bedtime routine. First, she brushes her teeth and washes her face. Then, her mother reads a bedtime story. Next, she hugs her brother, mother, and father. Finally, her mother tucks her into bed. Emma has developed a(n) __________ for "going to bed."

Research in the field of forensic developmental psychology reveals that preschool children __________.

According to Piaget, a key aspect of preoperational thought is __________, the ability to use a mental symbol, a word, or an object to stand for or represent something that is not physically present.

Cultural differences in attitudes toward preschool include which of the following?

As Juan Carlos attempts to make a difficult puzzle, his father provides assistance. For instance, for one of the puzzle pieces, he says "Juan Carlos, you need to turn that piece around to make it fit." This support is called __________.

A(n) __________ is a broad representation in memory of events and the order in which they occur.

On an average day, more than __________ percent of toddlers and preschoolers in the United States watch television.

Asha takes her son Raj to a preschool center where the curriculum emphasizes the joint participation of children and teachers. She is impressed that the center builds the curriculum based on the interests of the children. This program is known as __________.

Which of the following best describes Vygotsky's view of cognitive development?

Which of the following is an example of an autobiographical memory?

Preschool children build their vocabularies at a rapid rate that requires that after the briefest encounter they can associate a word and its meaning. This is known as __________.

The key to assuring effective, positive child care is to enroll the child in a __________ program.

One the greatest developments of the preoperational stage is the child's growing use of __________ to represent the past, present, and future.

One characteristic of high-quality day care is that __________.

Preschoolers learn one new word every 2 hours. They manage this feat through a process known as __________, in which new words are associated with their meaning after only a brief encounter.

Which of the following countries has no coordinated national policy on preschool education?

An Introduction to Child Development

Theoretical Perspectives and Research

The Start of Life: Genetics and Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborn Infant

Physical Development in Infancy

Cognitive Development in Infancy

Social and Personality Development in Infancy

Physical Development in the Preschool Years

Social and Personality Development in the Preschool Years

Physical Development in Middle Childhood

Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Social and Personality Development in Middle Childhood

Physical Development in Adolescence

Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Social and Personality Development in Adolescence

Filters

Exam 9: Cognitive Development in the Preschool Years

Explain the significance of developmentally appropriate education.

Emma knows her bedtime routine. First, she brushes her teeth and washes her face. Then, her mother reads a bedtime story. Next, she hugs her brother, mother, and father. Finally, her mother tucks her into bed. Emma has developed a(n) __________ for "going to bed."

Research in the field of forensic developmental psychology reveals that preschool children __________.

According to Piaget, a key aspect of preoperational thought is __________, the ability to use a mental symbol, a word, or an object to stand for or represent something that is not physically present.

Cultural differences in attitudes toward preschool include which of the following?

As Juan Carlos attempts to make a difficult puzzle, his father provides assistance. For instance, for one of the puzzle pieces, he says "Juan Carlos, you need to turn that piece around to make it fit." This support is called __________.

A(n) __________ is a broad representation in memory of events and the order in which they occur.

On an average day, more than __________ percent of toddlers and preschoolers in the United States watch television.

Asha takes her son Raj to a preschool center where the curriculum emphasizes the joint participation of children and teachers. She is impressed that the center builds the curriculum based on the interests of the children. This program is known as __________.

Which of the following best describes Vygotsky's view of cognitive development?

Which of the following is an example of an autobiographical memory?

Preschool children build their vocabularies at a rapid rate that requires that after the briefest encounter they can associate a word and its meaning. This is known as __________.

The key to assuring effective, positive child care is to enroll the child in a __________ program.

One the greatest developments of the preoperational stage is the child's growing use of __________ to represent the past, present, and future.

One characteristic of high-quality day care is that __________.

Preschoolers learn one new word every 2 hours. They manage this feat through a process known as __________, in which new words are associated with their meaning after only a brief encounter.

Which of the following countries has no coordinated national policy on preschool education?

An Introduction to Child Development

Theoretical Perspectives and Research

The Start of Life: Genetics and Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborn Infant

Physical Development in Infancy

Cognitive Development in Infancy

Social and Personality Development in Infancy

Physical Development in the Preschool Years

Social and Personality Development in the Preschool Years

Physical Development in Middle Childhood

Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Social and Personality Development in Middle Childhood

Physical Development in Adolescence

Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Social and Personality Development in Adolescence

Filters