Question 1

In the context of inferential statistics, the larger the value of alpha, the less likely it is to make a Type I error.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Dr. Harris conducts an experiment in which rats are first subjected to various levels of environmental pollutants and then tested on a memory task. He finds that all subjects survived in the low- and moderate-exposure groups, whereas 7 of 20 rats died in the high-exposure group. Dr. Harris wants to conduct an analysis of variance on his data. What would be the most appropriate thing to do?

Accepted Answer

A)  Eliminate the high-exposure group from the experiment. 
B)  Perform an unweighted means analysis. 
C)  Perform a weighted means analysis. 
D)  Go ahead and conduct the analysis of variance without worrying about the unequal sample sizes. 
A)  Eliminate the high-exposure group from the experiment. 
B)  Perform an unweighted means analysis. 
C)  Perform a weighted means analysis. 
D)  Go ahead and conduct the analysis of variance without worrying about the unequal sample sizes.

Question 3

Discuss replication as an alternative to inferential statistics to evaluate the reliability of data. What are its strong and weak points?

Accepted Answer

Replication is a scientific method that

Question 4

Which of the following is a Type I statistical error?

Accepted Answer

A)  Saying that an independent variable had no effect when in fact it did 
B)  Saying that an independent variable had an effect when in fact it did not 
C)  Saying that an independent variable had a weak effect when in fact it had a strong effect 
D)  Identifying one independent variable as affecting the dependent variable when in fact a different independent variable had the effect 
A)  Saying that an independent variable had no effect when in fact it did 
B)  Saying that an independent variable had an effect when in fact it did not 
C)  Saying that an independent variable had a weak effect when in fact it had a strong effect 
D)  Identifying one independent variable as affecting the dependent variable when in fact a different independent variable had the effect

Question 5

The _____ is used when there is data from two groups of participants who were assigned at random to the two groups.

Accepted Answer

A)  analysis of variance (ANOV
A)  
B)  t test for independent samples 
C)  Bayesian approach 
D)  t test for correlated samples 
A)  analysis of variance (ANOV
A)  
B)  t test for independent samples 
C)  Bayesian approach 
D)  t test for correlated samples

Question 6

For analysis of variance (ANOVA), variability is partitioned into two sources. These are:

Accepted Answer

A)  experimental error and subject error. 
B)  random variability and systematic variability. 
C)  between-groups variability and within-groups variability. 
D)  experimental variability and control variability. 
A)  experimental error and subject error. 
B)  random variability and systematic variability. 
C)  between-groups variability and within-groups variability. 
D)  experimental variability and control variability.

Question 7

Which of the following statements would not be true of nonparametric statistics?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are more powerful than parametric statistics. 
B)  Complex designs cannot be easily analyzed with nonparametric statistics. 
C)  They are less powerful than parametric statistics. 
D)  They are useful when data do not meet the restrictive assumptions of parametric statistics. 
A)  They are more powerful than parametric statistics. 
B)  Complex designs cannot be easily analyzed with nonparametric statistics. 
C)  They are less powerful than parametric statistics. 
D)  They are useful when data do not meet the restrictive assumptions of parametric statistics.

Question 8

According to the text, a two-tailed test should be used:

Accepted Answer

A)  unless there is a compelling a priori reason not to. 
B)  if you are sure that the difference between your means is sufficiently large to ensure statistical significance. 
C)  when you are interested in controlling Type II errors but less interested in controlling Type I errors. 
D)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  unless there is a compelling a priori reason not to. 
B)  if you are sure that the difference between your means is sufficiently large to ensure statistical significance. 
C)  when you are interested in controlling Type II errors but less interested in controlling Type I errors. 
D)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 9

Means of samples drawn randomly from a single population differ only because of:

Accepted Answer

A)  the central limit theorem. 
B)  poorly designed independent variables. 
C)  sampling error. 
D)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  the central limit theorem. 
B)  poorly designed independent variables. 
C)  sampling error. 
D)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 10

In inferential statistics, p-value is the estimated probability of obtaining an apparent treatment effect at least as large as the one actually found, given that the null hypothesis is true.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The degrees of freedom associated with a single sample distribution are (n - 1).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

A two-tailed test is more powerful than a one-tailed test performed on the same data.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

A linear data transformation changes:

Accepted Answer

A)  the underlying scale of measurement of a dependent variable but not the magnitude of the numbers representing your data. 
B)  the magnitude of the numbers representing your data but not the underlying scale of measurement. 
C)  both the magnitude of the numbers representing your data and the underlying scale of measurement. 
D)  neither the magnitude of the numbers representing your data nor the underlying scale of measurement. 
A)  the underlying scale of measurement of a dependent variable but not the magnitude of the numbers representing your data. 
B)  the magnitude of the numbers representing your data but not the underlying scale of measurement. 
C)  both the magnitude of the numbers representing your data and the underlying scale of measurement. 
D)  neither the magnitude of the numbers representing your data nor the underlying scale of measurement.

Question 14

The distribution of a statistic that one would get by taking every possible sample of n scores from a population is the _____ of the mean.

Accepted Answer

A)  sampling distribution 
B)  frequency distribution 
C)  skewed distribution 
D)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  sampling distribution 
B)  frequency distribution 
C)  skewed distribution 
D)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 15

In a mixed design, _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  there are both between-subjects and within-subjects components 
B)  interactions are not normally analyzed 
C)  experimental and correlational variables are mixed 
D)  analysis of variance cannot be used to analyze the data 
A)  there are both between-subjects and within-subjects components 
B)  interactions are not normally analyzed 
C)  experimental and correlational variables are mixed 
D)  analysis of variance cannot be used to analyze the data

Question 16

The importance of a research finding refers to its _____ significance.

Accepted Answer

A)  practical 
B)  statistical 
C)  internal 
D)  external 
A)  practical 
B)  statistical 
C)  internal 
D)  external

Question 17

Latin square designs are used to counterbalance the order in which subjects receive treatments in within-subjects experiments.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

An interaction can be found when a one-factor analysis of variance is used to analyze data.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Steps taken to control the probability of making a Type I error increase the probability of making a Type II error.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

There are (a + 1) orthogonal comparisons in any set of means (where a = the number of groups).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

In the context of inferential statistics, the larger the value of alpha, the less likely it is to make a Type I error.

Discuss replication as an alternative to inferential statistics to evaluate the reliability of data. What are its strong and weak points?

Which of the following is a Type I statistical error?

The _____ is used when there is data from two groups of participants who were assigned at random to the two groups.

For analysis of variance (ANOVA), variability is partitioned into two sources. These are:

Which of the following statements would not be true of nonparametric statistics?

According to the text, a two-tailed test should be used:

Means of samples drawn randomly from a single population differ only because of:

In inferential statistics, p-value is the estimated probability of obtaining an apparent treatment effect at least as large as the one actually found, given that the null hypothesis is true.

The degrees of freedom associated with a single sample distribution are (n - 1).

A two-tailed test is more powerful than a one-tailed test performed on the same data.

A linear data transformation changes:

The distribution of a statistic that one would get by taking every possible sample of n scores from a population is the _____ of the mean.

In a mixed design, _____.

The importance of a research finding refers to its _____ significance.

Latin square designs are used to counterbalance the order in which subjects receive treatments in within-subjects experiments.

An interaction can be found when a one-factor analysis of variance is used to analyze data.

Steps taken to control the probability of making a Type I error increase the probability of making a Type II error.

There are (a + 1) orthogonal comparisons in any set of means (where a = the number of groups).

Explaining Behavior

Developing and Evaluating Theories of Behavior

Getting Ideas for Research

Choosing a Research Design

Making Systematic Observations

Choosing and Using Research Subjects

Understanding Ethical Issues in the Research Process

Doing Nonexperimental Research

Doing Survey Research

Using Between-Subjects and Within-Subjects Experimental Designs

Using Specialized Research Designs

Using Single-Subject Designs

Describing Data

Using Multivariate Design and Analysis

Reporting Your Research Results

Filters

Exam 14: Using Inferential Statistics

In the context of inferential statistics, the larger the value of alpha, the less likely it is to make a Type I error.

Discuss replication as an alternative to inferential statistics to evaluate the reliability of data. What are its strong and weak points?

Which of the following is a Type I statistical error?

The _____ is used when there is data from two groups of participants who were assigned at random to the two groups.

For analysis of variance (ANOVA), variability is partitioned into two sources. These are:

Which of the following statements would not be true of nonparametric statistics?

According to the text, a two-tailed test should be used:

Means of samples drawn randomly from a single population differ only because of:

In inferential statistics, p-value is the estimated probability of obtaining an apparent treatment effect at least as large as the one actually found, given that the null hypothesis is true.

The degrees of freedom associated with a single sample distribution are (n - 1).

A two-tailed test is more powerful than a one-tailed test performed on the same data.

A linear data transformation changes:

The distribution of a statistic that one would get by taking every possible sample of n scores from a population is the _____ of the mean.

In a mixed design, _____.

The importance of a research finding refers to its _____ significance.

Latin square designs are used to counterbalance the order in which subjects receive treatments in within-subjects experiments.

An interaction can be found when a one-factor analysis of variance is used to analyze data.

Steps taken to control the probability of making a Type I error increase the probability of making a Type II error.

There are (a + 1) orthogonal comparisons in any set of means (where a = the number of groups).

Explaining Behavior

Developing and Evaluating Theories of Behavior

Getting Ideas for Research

Choosing a Research Design

Making Systematic Observations

Choosing and Using Research Subjects

Understanding Ethical Issues in the Research Process

Doing Nonexperimental Research

Doing Survey Research

Using Between-Subjects and Within-Subjects Experimental Designs

Using Specialized Research Designs

Using Single-Subject Designs

Describing Data

Using Multivariate Design and Analysis

Reporting Your Research Results

Filters