Question 1

If you forget the five number combination to your bike lock,which of the following statements would be FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  A computer could generate all possible combinations of the five numbers on the lock in a split second, but it would take a long time to try them all. 
B)  Trial-and-error would be a mechanical solution to this bike lock problem. 
C)  Using an algorithm is a way to solve the bike lock problem through understanding. 
D)  When a problem is solved by rote, thinking is guided by a learned set of rules that always leads to an answer. 
A)  A computer could generate all possible combinations of the five numbers on the lock in a split second, but it would take a long time to try them all. 
B)  Trial-and-error would be a mechanical solution to this bike lock problem. 
C)  Using an algorithm is a way to solve the bike lock problem through understanding. 
D)  When a problem is solved by rote, thinking is guided by a learned set of rules that always leads to an answer.

Question 2

Unlike other species,the success of humans is due to

Accepted Answer

A)  our physical strength. 
B)  our speed. 
C)  our thinking ability. 
D)  a combination of all of these. 
A)  our physical strength. 
B)  our speed. 
C)  our thinking ability. 
D)  a combination of all of these.

Question 3

Elmer is attending speech therapy classes because he has a frontal lisp,that is,he mispronounces the "s" sound as a "th." For example,he might say that "the thun thines in the morning." Elmer is exhibiting a problem with

Accepted Answer

A)  syntax. 
B)  transformations. 
C)  morphemes. 
D)  phonemes. 
A)  syntax. 
B)  transformations. 
C)  morphemes. 
D)  phonemes.

Question 4

The word "fruit" is used to represent such foods as apples,pears,and oranges and would be considered a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  algorithm. 
B)  heuristic. 
C)  prototype. 
D)  concept. 
A)  algorithm. 
B)  heuristic. 
C)  prototype. 
D)  concept.

Question 5

Almost everyone who has tried the Rubik's cube puzzle begins with

Accepted Answer

A)  trial-and-error. 
B)  heuristics. 
C)  algorithms. 
D)  a functional solution. 
A)  trial-and-error. 
B)  heuristics. 
C)  algorithms. 
D)  a functional solution.

Question 6

Studies have found that students who learn to speak two languages will have

Accepted Answer

A)  a lack of mental flexibility. 
B)  weaker general language skills. 
C)  better control of their attention. 
D)  poor problem-solving abilities. 
A)  a lack of mental flexibility. 
B)  weaker general language skills. 
C)  better control of their attention. 
D)  poor problem-solving abilities.

Question 7

Approaching a problem by using a learned set of rules produces a solution that is achieved by

Accepted Answer

A)  understanding. 
B)  recognition. 
C)  rote. 
D)  trial and error. 
A)  understanding. 
B)  recognition. 
C)  rote. 
D)  trial and error.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a requirement of language?

Accepted Answer

A)  It must have symbols. 
B)  It must have grammar. 
C)  It must be productive. 
D)  It must be spoken. 
A)  It must have symbols. 
B)  It must have grammar. 
C)  It must be productive. 
D)  It must be spoken.

Question 9

In a pie eating contest,a "foul" is defined as: "Any use of the hands to remove the contents of the pie,any interference with another contestant,or any attempt to throw a pie at the judges." Used this way,the term "foul" is a __________ concept.

Accepted Answer

A)  connotative 
B)  conjunctive 
C)  disjunctive 
D)  relational 
A)  connotative 
B)  conjunctive 
C)  disjunctive 
D)  relational

Question 10

The subjective,personal meaning of a word or concept is its __________ meaning.

Accepted Answer

A)  relational 
B)  categorical 
C)  connotative 
D)  denotative 
A)  relational 
B)  categorical 
C)  connotative 
D)  denotative

Question 11

Functional solutions

Accepted Answer

A)  are rule-based. 
B)  are general. 
C)  are workable. 
D)  involve trial and error. 
A)  are rule-based. 
B)  are general. 
C)  are workable. 
D)  involve trial and error.

Question 12

In a short story,a little boy converses with a skunk that suddenly changes into a large butterfly and takes the little boy to a land filled with gigantic flowers and tiny people.The imaginative and original aspects of this story were made possible by this author's use of

Accepted Answer

A)  stored images. 
B)  created images. 
C)  prototypes. 
D)  disjunctive concepts. 
A)  stored images. 
B)  created images. 
C)  prototypes. 
D)  disjunctive concepts.

Question 13

At its most basic level,thinking involves the

Accepted Answer

A)  internal representation of a problem. 
B)  consolidation of a memory. 
C)  semantic encoding of a thought. 
D)  mnemonics of problem-solving. 
A)  internal representation of a problem. 
B)  consolidation of a memory. 
C)  semantic encoding of a thought. 
D)  mnemonics of problem-solving.

Question 14

The complete set of rules for a language that determines how to make sounds into words and words into sentences is called

Accepted Answer

A)  syntax. 
B)  grammar. 
C)  the encoding system. 
D)  the semantic differential. 
A)  syntax. 
B)  grammar. 
C)  the encoding system. 
D)  the semantic differential.

Question 15

A class of objects that have two or more features in common ("and" concepts)is called a __________ concept.

Accepted Answer

A)  relational 
B)  conjunctive 
C)  disjunctive 
D)  prototypical 
A)  relational 
B)  conjunctive 
C)  disjunctive 
D)  prototypical

Question 16

Concept formation refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the organization of phonemes and morphemes into meaningful thoughts. 
B)  the application of transformation rules to basic sentences. 
C)  inductive thinking as opposed to deductive thinking. 
D)  the process of classifying information into meaningful categories. 
A)  the organization of phonemes and morphemes into meaningful thoughts. 
B)  the application of transformation rules to basic sentences. 
C)  inductive thinking as opposed to deductive thinking. 
D)  the process of classifying information into meaningful categories.

Question 17

An algorithmic solution to a problem is one in which

Accepted Answer

A)  the answer is arrived at using lexigrams. 
B)  the answer is arrived at by brainstorming. 
C)  a learned set of rules is used in answering the problem. 
D)  all of these are used. 
A)  the answer is arrived at using lexigrams. 
B)  the answer is arrived at by brainstorming. 
C)  a learned set of rules is used in answering the problem. 
D)  all of these are used.

Question 18

An expert bird watcher would be better than a beginner at all of the following skills EXCEPT for

Accepted Answer

A)  seeing the identifying details of the various birds. 
B)  classifying birds. 
C)  seeing and understanding birds in a significantly different way. 
D)  generating eidetic images of birds in his or her mind. 
A)  seeing the identifying details of the various birds. 
B)  classifying birds. 
C)  seeing and understanding birds in a significantly different way. 
D)  generating eidetic images of birds in his or her mind.

Question 19

In the late 1960s,Beatrix and Allen Gardner used operant conditioning and imitation to teach a female chimp named Washoe to use

Accepted Answer

A)  lexigrams. 
B)  a computer with keys that stood for words. 
C)  American Sign Language. 
D)  plastic chips arranged on a magnetized board. 
A)  lexigrams. 
B)  a computer with keys that stood for words. 
C)  American Sign Language. 
D)  plastic chips arranged on a magnetized board.

Question 20

Regarding concept formation,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Children usually acquire concepts through positive and negative instances. 
B)  As adults, we often acquire concepts by learning or forming rules. 
C)  Rules are an efficient way to learn concepts, but examples remain important. 
D)  A class of objects that have two or more features in common is called a relational concept. 
A)  Children usually acquire concepts through positive and negative instances. 
B)  As adults, we often acquire concepts by learning or forming rules. 
C)  Rules are an efficient way to learn concepts, but examples remain important. 
D)  A class of objects that have two or more features in common is called a relational concept.

Exam 8: A: Cognition,language,and Creativity

If you forget the five number combination to your bike lock,which of the following statements would be FALSE?

Unlike other species,the success of humans is due to

Elmer is attending speech therapy classes because he has a frontal lisp,that is,he mispronounces the "s" sound as a "th." For example,he might say that "the thun thines in the morning." Elmer is exhibiting a problem with

The word "fruit" is used to represent such foods as apples,pears,and oranges and would be considered a(n)

Almost everyone who has tried the Rubik's cube puzzle begins with

Studies have found that students who learn to speak two languages will have

Approaching a problem by using a learned set of rules produces a solution that is achieved by

Which of the following is NOT a requirement of language?

In a pie eating contest,a "foul" is defined as: "Any use of the hands to remove the contents of the pie,any interference with another contestant,or any attempt to throw a pie at the judges." Used this way,the term "foul" is a __________ concept.

The subjective,personal meaning of a word or concept is its __________ meaning.

Functional solutions

In a short story,a little boy converses with a skunk that suddenly changes into a large butterfly and takes the little boy to a land filled with gigantic flowers and tiny people.The imaginative and original aspects of this story were made possible by this author's use of

At its most basic level,thinking involves the

The complete set of rules for a language that determines how to make sounds into words and words into sentences is called

A class of objects that have two or more features in common ("and" concepts)is called a __________ concept.

Concept formation refers to

An algorithmic solution to a problem is one in which

An expert bird watcher would be better than a beginner at all of the following skills EXCEPT for

In the late 1960s,Beatrix and Allen Gardner used operant conditioning and imitation to teach a female chimp named Washoe to use

Regarding concept formation,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

B: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

C: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

A: Brain and Behavior

C: Brain and Behavior

A: Human Development

B: Human Development

C: Human Development

D: Human Development

A: Sensation and Perception

B: Sensation and Perception

C: Sensation and Perception

D: Sensation and Perception

A: States of Consciousness

B: States of Consciousness

C: States of Consciousness

D: States of Consciousness

A: Conditioning and Learning

B: Conditioning and Learning

C: Conditioning and Learning

D: Conditioning and Learning

A: Memory

B: Memory

C: Memory

B: Cognition,language,and Creativity

C: Cognition,language,and Creativity

A: Intelligence

B: Intelligence

C: Intelligence

A: Motivation and Emotion

B: Motivation and Emotion

C: Motivation and Emotion

D: Motivation and Emotion

A: Gender and Sexuality

B: Gender and Sexuality

C: Gender and Sexuality

D: Gender and Sexuality Completion

A: Personality

B: Personality

C: Personality

D: Personality

A: Health,stress,and Coping

B: Health,stress,and Coping

C: Health,stress,and Coping

A: Psychological Disorders

B: Psychological Disorders

C: Psychological Disorders

D: Psychological Disorders

A: Therapies

B: Therapies

C: Therapies

D: Therapies

A: Social Thinking and Social Influence

B: Social Thinking and Social Influence

C: Social Thinking and Social Influence

A: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

B: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

C: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

A: Applied Psychology