Question 1

A reward will reliably increase responding,while an operant reinforcer will increase responding only occasionally.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

Mitzi is extremely afraid of cats because she was badly scratched by one when she was younger.Abby is also afraid of cats,although she has never been scratched by one.However,Abby's mother is also afraid of cats.
(a)Explain the way that Mitzi developed her phobia,using the US,UR,CS,and CR.
(b)Explain the way Abby developed her phobia.
(c)Describe how both of these women could overcome their phobias.

Accepted Answer

Answer will include the following:
(a)Mitzi's conditioned emotional response (CER)occurred through direct classical conditioning,in which the cat was a neutral stimulus until it was paired with the pain from the scratches (US).This fear of pain is an unconditioned response (UR).The cat became a conditioned stimulus (CS)after being paired with pain (US)and now can cause a conditioned response (CR)of being fearful of cats.
(b)Abby's conditioned emotional response most likely occurred through vicarious (secondhand)classical conditioning in which she learned to be afraid of cats by watching her mother's fear responses to cats.
(c)Both Mitzi,Abby,and Abby's mother can overcome their phobias through a therapy called desensitization.Each person would be gradually exposed to the feared stimuli,while she remains calm and relaxed.

Question 3

A formal agreement stating behaviors to be changed and consequences that apply is known as a(n)__________.

Accepted Answer

behavioral contract

Question 4

Five-year-old Elijah watches his favorite TV superhero pound the villain into the pavement and dreams of doing that to the bully at kindergarten.What factors could lead Elijah to model the TV character's aggression?

Accepted Answer

Answer includes that children are more l

Question 5

You are being paid for each 100 square feet of drywall you install.You are being paid on the type of partial reinforcement schedule known as __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of You are being paid for each 100...

Question 6

A child calls his black cat "Binkie" but does not call other black cats this name,which illustrates operant stimulus discrimination.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The type of learning that involves higher mental processes,such as understanding,knowing,or anticipating is called __________ learning.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The type of learning that involves higher...

Question 8

If you have ever learned your way through the various levels found in many video games,you have developed a cognitive map of the video game.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

A child watches other children wince with pain as they receive hypodermic injections.Although the child has never received an injection,he responds fearfully when a needle is brought near him.His reaction is an example of __________ classical conditioning.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A child watches other children wince with...

Question 10

If you classically conditioned a person to yawn when he or she heard the word "psychology," the word "psychology" would be considered the __________ stimulus.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If you classically conditioned a person to...

Question 11

In a psychology class,the students have to turn in a topic report every two weeks.Typically,they get in a writing frenzy a couple of days before the report is due; then they do not write anything until right before the next due date.This pattern of responding illustrates the partial reinforcement schedule known as __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a psychology class,the students have to...

Question 12

After a response has been extinguished,it will often reappear after a short time has passed.This is referred to as a(n)__________.

Accepted Answer

spontaneou

Question 13

Learning is a change in behavior caused by maturation and practice.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

You have just broken up with your boyfriend.You are sitting at a table with friends when you see him enter the restaurant.He has not seen you yet,so you duck into the ladies room.You are exhibiting __________ learning.

Accepted Answer

The answer of You have just broken up with your...

Question 15

Select a behavior that you would like to increase or decrease; describe how you would set up a behavioral self-management program for this behavior; and explain why self-recording is so important.

Accepted Answer

Answer will include the seven steps in t

Question 16

The type of learning that is also known as instrumental learning and involves voluntary responses being emitted by the animal or person is called __________ conditioning.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The type of learning that is also...

Question 17

Repeated exposure to media violence desensitizes individuals,making them less likely to react negatively to violence and,hence,more prone to engage in aggression.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Using behavioral terms,explain why advertisers might pair a "party scene" with a product,such as a soft drink; and explain why many stores carry imitations of nationally known products and place them right beside of these more well-known products.

Accepted Answer

Answer will include that when advertiser

Question 19

Events that precede a response are called antecedents,while events that follow a response are called consequences.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The Premack principle states that activities you like doing,such as watching television,can serve as reinforcers for activities that you want to increase,such as studying more.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 6: D: Conditioning and Learning

A reward will reliably increase responding,while an operant reinforcer will increase responding only occasionally.

A formal agreement stating behaviors to be changed and consequences that apply is known as a(n)__________.

Five-year-old Elijah watches his favorite TV superhero pound the villain into the pavement and dreams of doing that to the bully at kindergarten.What factors could lead Elijah to model the TV character's aggression?

You are being paid for each 100 square feet of drywall you install.You are being paid on the type of partial reinforcement schedule known as __________.

A child calls his black cat "Binkie" but does not call other black cats this name,which illustrates operant stimulus discrimination.

The type of learning that involves higher mental processes,such as understanding,knowing,or anticipating is called __________ learning.

If you have ever learned your way through the various levels found in many video games,you have developed a cognitive map of the video game.

A child watches other children wince with pain as they receive hypodermic injections.Although the child has never received an injection,he responds fearfully when a needle is brought near him.His reaction is an example of __________ classical conditioning.

If you classically conditioned a person to yawn when he or she heard the word "psychology," the word "psychology" would be considered the __________ stimulus.

After a response has been extinguished,it will often reappear after a short time has passed.This is referred to as a(n)__________.

Learning is a change in behavior caused by maturation and practice.

You have just broken up with your boyfriend.You are sitting at a table with friends when you see him enter the restaurant.He has not seen you yet,so you duck into the ladies room.You are exhibiting __________ learning.

Select a behavior that you would like to increase or decrease; describe how you would set up a behavioral self-management program for this behavior; and explain why self-recording is so important.

The type of learning that is also known as instrumental learning and involves voluntary responses being emitted by the animal or person is called __________ conditioning.

Repeated exposure to media violence desensitizes individuals,making them less likely to react negatively to violence and,hence,more prone to engage in aggression.

Using behavioral terms,explain why advertisers might pair a "party scene" with a product,such as a soft drink; and explain why many stores carry imitations of nationally known products and place them right beside of these more well-known products.

Events that precede a response are called antecedents,while events that follow a response are called consequences.

The Premack principle states that activities you like doing,such as watching television,can serve as reinforcers for activities that you want to increase,such as studying more.

A: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

B: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

C: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

A: Brain and Behavior

C: Brain and Behavior

A: Human Development

B: Human Development

C: Human Development

D: Human Development

A: Sensation and Perception

B: Sensation and Perception

C: Sensation and Perception

D: Sensation and Perception

A: States of Consciousness

B: States of Consciousness

C: States of Consciousness

D: States of Consciousness

A: Conditioning and Learning

B: Conditioning and Learning

C: Conditioning and Learning

A: Memory

B: Memory

C: Memory

A: Cognition,language,and Creativity

B: Cognition,language,and Creativity

C: Cognition,language,and Creativity

A: Intelligence

B: Intelligence

C: Intelligence

A: Motivation and Emotion

B: Motivation and Emotion

C: Motivation and Emotion

D: Motivation and Emotion

A: Gender and Sexuality

B: Gender and Sexuality

C: Gender and Sexuality

D: Gender and Sexuality Completion

A: Personality

B: Personality

C: Personality

D: Personality

A: Health,stress,and Coping

B: Health,stress,and Coping

C: Health,stress,and Coping

A: Psychological Disorders

B: Psychological Disorders

C: Psychological Disorders

D: Psychological Disorders

A: Therapies

B: Therapies

C: Therapies

D: Therapies

A: Social Thinking and Social Influence

B: Social Thinking and Social Influence

C: Social Thinking and Social Influence

A: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

B: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

C: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

A: Applied Psychology

B: Applied Psychology

C: Applied Psychology