Exam 13: The Respiratory System

A person who has a tidal volume of 400 ml/breath, a respiratory rate of 14 breaths/minute, and an anatomic dead space volume of 120 ml will have a pulmonary ventilation rate of

The maximum volume of air that can be moved in and out of the lungs in a single breath is known as the ____________________.

Identify the correct statement(s).

Air flow through the smaller bronchioles can be adjusted by varying the contractile activity of the smooth muscle within their walls.

A local _______ (increase or decrease?) in oxygen partial pressure within pulmonary arterioles causes vasoconstriction within those arterioles.

The chloride shift in red blood cells

In addition to providing for gas exchange, list five other functions of the respiratory system.

Pulmonary surfactant is secreted by Type II alveolar cells.

The most important factor controlling respiration is the $\mathrm { P } _ { \mathrm { O } _ { 2 } }$ of arterial blood.

According to Laplace's law, the magnitude of the inward-directed collapsing pressure of a spherical bubble is directly proportional to both the surface tension and the radius of the bubble.

The alveolar wall is ____________________ (how many?) cell layer(s) thick, and the wall of the pulmonary capillaries surrounding an alveolus is ____________________ (how many?) cell layer(s) thick.

Increased acidity at the tissue cells stimulates increased dissociation of oxyhemoglobin.

What factors influence the amount of gas exchange occurring at the respiratory membrane? Include the following in your answer: $\mathrm { P } _ { \mathrm { O } _ { 2 } }$ , $\mathrm { P } _ { \mathrm { CO } _ { 2 } }$ , mucus, and surfactant.

Choose the pairing that has the least related items:

The ____________________ is the maximum volume of air that can be inspired at the end of a normal quiet expiration.

Indicate which lung volume or capacity is being described in the column below by filling in the appropriate letter in the blank. a.vital capacity b.respiratory rate c.FEV1 d.tidal volume e.residual volume f.total lung capacity g.functional residual capacity h.alveolar ventilation i.pulmonary ventilation j.inspiratory reserve volume k.expiratory reserve volume l.inspiratory capacity m.anatomic dead space volume -Volume of air in the respiratory airways

Under normal conditions, when _______ pressure becomes greater than _______ pressure, air will flow out of the lungs.

During which of the following would the intrapleural pressure be greater than atmospheric pressure?

Indicate the effect the following changes would have on the rate of gas transfer using the following answer code. a.Increases the rate of gas transfer b.Decreases the rate of gas transfer c.Has no effect on the rate of gas transfer -Effect of emphysema on O₂ and CO₂ exchange within the lungs

The exchange of O₂ and CO₂ between the external environment and lungs is known as ____________________.