Exam 13: The Respiratory System

HbH would be in a higher percentage within a red blood cell in which of the following?

Indicate which lung volume or capacity is being described in the column below by filling in the appropriate letter in the blank. a.vital capacity b.respiratory rate c.FEV1 d.tidal volume e.residual volume f.total lung capacity g.functional residual capacity h.alveolar ventilation i.pulmonary ventilation j.inspiratory reserve volume k.expiratory reserve volume l.inspiratory capacity m.anatomic dead space volume -The extra volume of air that can be maximally inspired over and above the tidal volume

Systemic arterial $\mathrm { P } _ { \mathrm { CO } _ { 2 } }$ is less than tissue $\mathrm { P } _ { \mathrm { CO } _ { 2 } }$ .

Use this figure to answer the corresponding questions. -Number 3 identifies the ____________________, which is the sum of the ____________________, identified as number ____, and ____________________, identified as number ____.

Indicate the effect the following changes would have on the rate of gas transfer using the following answer code. a.Increases the rate of gas transfer b.Decreases the rate of gas transfer c.Has no effect on the rate of gas transfer -Effect of tissue edema on O₂ and CO₂ exchange between the surrounding cells and blood

Patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease generally have more trouble exhaling than inhaling.

Hemoglobin's affinity for carbon dioxide is higher in systemic capillaries than in pulmonary capillaries.

A transmural pressure gradient exists across the lung wall because the ____ pressure is less than the ____ pressure.

Indicate which type of hypoxia would be present in each of the circumstances listed below by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the following answer code. a.anemic hypoxia b.circulatory hypoxia c.histotoxic hypoxia d.hypoxic hypoxia -Cyanide poisoning

The peripheral chemoreceptors are located in the ____________________ and ____________________ bodies.

During external respiration, the $\mathrm { P } _ { \mathrm { O } _ { 2 } }$ is greater in the alveoli than in the blood of the pulmonary capillaries.

Which of the following is incorrect if blood flow to an area of the lungs is reduced while airflow remains normal?

Approximately what percentage of oxygen is transported in the blood dissolved in free form?

An increase of ____________________ ions in the arterial blood changes the respiratory rate by increasing it.

Indicate which type of hypoxia would be present in each of the circumstances listed below by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the following answer code. a.anemic hypoxia b.circulatory hypoxia c.histotoxic hypoxia d.hypoxic hypoxia -High altitude

Indicate the effect the following changes would have on the rate of gas transfer using the following answer code. a.Increases the rate of gas transfer b.Decreases the rate of gas transfer c.Has no effect on the rate of gas transfer -Effect on O₂ exchange in the lungs of replacing part of the nitrogen with helium so that the inspired air consists of 60% N, 19% He, and 21% O₂

Alveolar partial pressures do not fluctuate to any extent between inspiration and expiration.

The quantity of O₂ that will diffuse between the alveolar air and pulmonary blood depends solely on the partial pressure gradients that exist between the alveoli and blood.

An increase in airway resistance and an increase in alveolar surface tension both increase the work of breathing.

Use this figure to answer the corresponding questions. -Which number identifies the most specific structure that contains type II cells?