Question 1

Exhaled air passes from the larynx through the trachea.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The respiratory system is the only system involved with the exchange of gas between the cells of an organism and the external environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The internal intercostal muscles are inspiratory muscles because they lift the ribs upward and outward to enlarge the thoracic cavity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The atmospheric $\mathrm { P } _ { \mathrm { O } _ { 2 } }$ is approximately

Accepted Answer

A) 25 mm Hg 
B) 120 mm Hg 
C) 160 mm Hg 
D) 220 mm Hg 
E) the same as for nitrogen 
A) 25 mm Hg 
B) 120 mm Hg 
C) 160 mm Hg 
D) 220 mm Hg 
E) the same as for nitrogen

Question 5

A local ______ (increase or decrease?) in CO₂ within alveoli cause constriction of the airways leading to those alveoli.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A local ______ (increase or decrease?) in...

Question 6

O₂ is much more soluble in blood than CO₂ is.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which of the following structures serves as a common passageway for both the respiratory and digestive systems?

Accepted Answer

A) nose 
B) pharynx 
C) trachea 
D) bronchi 
E) esophagus 
A) nose 
B) pharynx 
C) trachea 
D) bronchi 
E) esophagus

Question 8

The vocal folds are found in the ____________________, which is found at the top of the ____________________, or windpipe.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The vocal folds are found in the...

Question 9

Which of the following is/are innervated by the phrenic nerve?

Accepted Answer

A) abdominal muscles 
B) diaphragm 
C) external intercostal muscles 
D) internal intercostal muscles 
E) accessory inspiratory muscles 
A) abdominal muscles 
B) diaphragm 
C) external intercostal muscles 
D) internal intercostal muscles 
E) accessory inspiratory muscles

Question 10

The alveoli are encircled by capillaries.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

More bicarbonate ions diffuse out of red blood cells in exchange for chloride while those cells are in the systemic capillaries compared to when they are in the pulmonary capillaries.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which of the following would decrease diffusion of a gas across the alveolar/pulmonary capillary membrane?

Accepted Answer

A) An increase in thickness of the membrane 
B) An increase in surface area of the membrane 
C) An increase in the partial pressure gradient 
D) a and c only 
E) a, b, and c 
A) An increase in thickness of the membrane 
B) An increase in surface area of the membrane 
C) An increase in the partial pressure gradient 
D) a and c only 
E) a, b, and c

Question 13

Indicate which chemical factor is responsible for the effect described.
a.arterial $\mathrm { P } _ { \mathrm { O } _ { 2 } }$ between 60 to 100 mm Hg
b.arterial $\mathrm { P } _ { \mathrm { O } _ { 2 } }$ less than 60 mm Hg
c.arterial $\mathrm { P } _ { \mathrm { CO } _ { 2 } }$ increased above normal
d.brain ECF H+ increased above normal
e.arterial H+ increased above normal
-Directly depresses the central chemoreceptors

Accepted Answer

The answer of Indicate which chemical factor is responsible for...

Question 14

Pulmonary surfactant

Accepted Answer

A) is secreted by Type II alveolar cells 
B) decreases surface tension of the fluid lining the alveoli 
C) resists elastic recoil of the lungs 
D) is a combination of lipids and proteins 
E) has all of the above characteristics 
A) is secreted by Type II alveolar cells 
B) decreases surface tension of the fluid lining the alveoli 
C) resists elastic recoil of the lungs 
D) is a combination of lipids and proteins 
E) has all of the above characteristics

Question 15

If there is a deficient supply of pulmonary surfactant, the lungs become more compliant.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

A _______ (high or low?) level of CO₂ in local airways causes dilation of those airways, and a ______ (high or low?) level of O₂ in pulmonary arterioles causes dilation of those arterioles.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A _______ (high or low?) level of...

Question 17

The inspiratory neurons

Accepted Answer

A) activate the phrenic nerve, bringing about contraction of the diaphragm 
B) are stimulated by stretch receptors 
C) are inhibited by the DRG when the DRG is stimulated by the apneustic area 
D) have characteristics a and c 
E) have characteristics b and c 
A) activate the phrenic nerve, bringing about contraction of the diaphragm 
B) are stimulated by stretch receptors 
C) are inhibited by the DRG when the DRG is stimulated by the apneustic area 
D) have characteristics a and c 
E) have characteristics b and c

Question 18

To produce a normal tidal volume, the expiratory muscles must be stimulated.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which factor would reduce the alveolar ventilation rate the most?

Accepted Answer

A) increased alveolar dead space 
B) decreased alveolar dead space 
C) increased respiratory rate 
D) increased tidal volume 
E) quiet breathing 
A) increased alveolar dead space 
B) decreased alveolar dead space 
C) increased respiratory rate 
D) increased tidal volume 
E) quiet breathing

Question 20

Airway resistance

Accepted Answer

A) is normally the primary factor determining the amount of flow into/out of the lungs 
B) decreases when the diameter of the airways becomes reduced 
C) when elevated, requires an increased pressure gradient between the lungs and atmosphere through vigorous respiratory efforts to move even normal volumes of air into and out of the lungs 
D) is lower in people with asthma 
E) decreases when lung compliance increases 
A) is normally the primary factor determining the amount of flow into/out of the lungs 
B) decreases when the diameter of the airways becomes reduced 
C) when elevated, requires an increased pressure gradient between the lungs and atmosphere through vigorous respiratory efforts to move even normal volumes of air into and out of the lungs 
D) is lower in people with asthma 
E) decreases when lung compliance increases

Exhaled air passes from the larynx through the trachea.

The respiratory system is the only system involved with the exchange of gas between the cells of an organism and the external environment.

The internal intercostal muscles are inspiratory muscles because they lift the ribs upward and outward to enlarge the thoracic cavity.

The atmospheric $\mathrm { P } _ { \mathrm { O } _ { 2 } }$ is approximately

A local ______ (increase or decrease?) in CO₂ within alveoli cause constriction of the airways leading to those alveoli.

O₂ is much more soluble in blood than CO₂ is.

Which of the following structures serves as a common passageway for both the respiratory and digestive systems?

The vocal folds are found in the , which is found at the top of the , or windpipe.

Which of the following is/are innervated by the phrenic nerve?

The alveoli are encircled by capillaries.

More bicarbonate ions diffuse out of red blood cells in exchange for chloride while those cells are in the systemic capillaries compared to when they are in the pulmonary capillaries.

Which of the following would decrease diffusion of a gas across the alveolar/pulmonary capillary membrane?

Pulmonary surfactant

If there is a deficient supply of pulmonary surfactant, the lungs become more compliant.

A _ (high or low?) level of CO₂ in local airways causes dilation of those airways, and a (high or low?) level of O₂ in pulmonary arterioles causes dilation of those arterioles.

The inspiratory neurons

To produce a normal tidal volume, the expiratory muscles must be stimulated.

Which factor would reduce the alveolar ventilation rate the most?

Airway resistance

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood

Body Defenses

The Urinary System

Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

Principles of Endocrinology: the Central Endocrine Glands

The Peripheral Endocrine Glands

The Reproductive System

Filters

Exam 13: The Respiratory System

Exhaled air passes from the larynx through the trachea.

The respiratory system is the only system involved with the exchange of gas between the cells of an organism and the external environment.

The internal intercostal muscles are inspiratory muscles because they lift the ribs upward and outward to enlarge the thoracic cavity.

The atmospheric PO2\mathrm { P } _ { \mathrm { O } _ { 2 } }PO2​​ is approximately

A local ______ (increase or decrease?) in CO₂ within alveoli cause constriction of the airways leading to those alveoli.

O₂ is much more soluble in blood than CO₂ is.

Which of the following structures serves as a common passageway for both the respiratory and digestive systems?

The vocal folds are found in the ____________________, which is found at the top of the ____________________, or windpipe.

Which of the following is/are innervated by the phrenic nerve?

The alveoli are encircled by capillaries.

More bicarbonate ions diffuse out of red blood cells in exchange for chloride while those cells are in the systemic capillaries compared to when they are in the pulmonary capillaries.

Which of the following would decrease diffusion of a gas across the alveolar/pulmonary capillary membrane?

Pulmonary surfactant

If there is a deficient supply of pulmonary surfactant, the lungs become more compliant.

A _______ (high or low?) level of CO₂ in local airways causes dilation of those airways, and a ______ (high or low?) level of O₂ in pulmonary arterioles causes dilation of those arterioles.

The inspiratory neurons

To produce a normal tidal volume, the expiratory muscles must be stimulated.

Which factor would reduce the alveolar ventilation rate the most?

Airway resistance

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood

Body Defenses

The Urinary System

Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

Principles of Endocrinology: the Central Endocrine Glands

The Peripheral Endocrine Glands

The Reproductive System

Filters

The atmospheric $\mathrm { P } _ { \mathrm { O } _ { 2 } }$ is approximately

The vocal folds are found in the , which is found at the top of the , or windpipe.

A _ (high or low?) level of CO₂ in local airways causes dilation of those airways, and a (high or low?) level of O₂ in pulmonary arterioles causes dilation of those arterioles.