Exam 9: Language and Thought

Categories allow us to:

The term cognition refers to:

Conrad is attempting to solve an anagram.He starts by trying words that start with common letters, such as "s" and "t." In this case, Conrad is using:

Based on Kahneman and Tversky's investigations into the effects of framing on decision making, you should recommend that a dairy firm that wants to market its cheese to individuals following a low-fat diet should advertise its cheese as:

Concerning category hierarchies, children first use:

For most natural categories:

Frank is 14 months old and uses only bottle, no, up, bye-bye, mama and dada when he talks.However, when the family is on their way to visit Frank's grandmother, and his mother tells Frank to get his red tiger from the bedroom and bring it with him, Frank quickly runs to get the tiger.This episode demonstrates that toddlers:

When three-year-old Garret is coloring a picture, he carefully selects a brown crayon to color a tree trunk, a green crayon for the leaves in the tree, and a red crayon for the bird in the tree.When Garret is asked to name the colors he has been using, he confidently answers "blue" each time.The fact that Garret can distinguish between the colors, even though he can't accurately name them yet, suggests that:

Phonology, syntax, and semantics are three aspects of:

You are at a local day care center and you hear three 12-month-old babies babbling; each baby is from a different racial/ethnic background (Asian, Hispanic, and Caucasian).The babbling of each of these infants:

Jocelyn lost her car keys recently and she retraced her steps in an attempt to discover the last place she had actually had the keys in her possession.In this case, Jocelyn's method of solving the problem was consistent with the problem-solving heuristic known as:

Framing refers to:

Cleo's job requires a lot of airline travel, but she had never really worried about her safety until she read about three airline crashes within a two-week period.She decided that air travel was unsafe, and now she drives or takes the train whenever she has to travel on business.In this case, Cleo's decision to avoid traveling by air may have been influenced by:

The word "ffyngoedd" would be recognized as a foreign word by an English speaker because the word structure violates the rules of English:

A paper-and-pencil maze has six starting positions, only one of which leads to the pot of gold.Cliff visually followed the path leading away from the pot of gold until he had an idea which path he should choose.Cliff used the problem-solving approach known as:

Babies begin to use single words to refer to specific people and objects around the age of 6 months.

Which of the following forms of communication in the infant emerges first?

Scientists who study the processes underlying all forms of thought are called:

The smallest units of language that carry meaning are called:

The term ____________________ refers to the literal ordering of words in a sentence.