Exam 16: Microbial Life: Prokaryotes and Protists

There is a good chance you will eat carrageenan today and that you will eat nori at some point in your life, if you haven't already. In either case, you will be eating a product of

Prokaryotic cell walls function

The trickling filter at a sewage treatment plant works by

Algae were incorporated into several other groups of protists through secondary endosymbiosis.

The largest group of prokaryotes is the ________, which obtain both energy and carbon from ________.

Which of the following organisms was the first to introduce oxygen into Earth's atmosphere?

Eukaryotes are ________ prokaryotes.

The famous pink-colored sand of Bermuda's beaches is due to crushed shells of ________, marine organisms with tests (porous shells)made of organic material hardened by calcium carbonate.

Multicellular organisms evolved from three different ancestral lineages: alveolates, unikonts, and archaeplastids. Of these, fungi and animals evolved from two different lineages of ________, and land plants are ________.

Chloroplasts evolved through secondary endosymbiosis.

In a process called phytoremediation, specific plants are planted in areas where toxic chemicals have contaminated groundwater. The roots absorb the contaminants to help eliminate the tainted water, which is often drinking water. This is an example of

After reading the paragraphs below, answer the questions that follow. In the 1930s, the Navajo Nation treated sheep and cattle for ticks and other parasites by using concrete "dip tanks," a common practice in the United States during that time period. Animals were herded into one end of the tank and out the other. Each day, the tanks were filled with 200,000 gallons of insecticide, and any remaining chemicals were emptied onto the ground. The pesticide solution seeped into the ground, ditches, and pits around the tanks. In the 1990s, the EPA Emergency Response Team (ERT) was called to the Navajo Nation to investigate the problem. They concluded that bioremediation procedures were the best option for cleaning up the site. Certain types of bacteria are able to feed on and digest toxic organic substances, such as pesticides, and use them as fuel for cell respiration. The ERT distributed these pesticide-eating microorganisms throughout the contaminated soil to remove the chemical residues. Once the contaminants are degraded, these microorganism populations will die off because they will have used up all of their food supply. -The bacteria used in this bioremediation procedure are ________.

Which of the following is a parasitic excavate that causes African sleeping sickness, a disease spread by the tsetse fly?

An unknown bacterial species is recovered from a sick patient's digestive tract. It has a membrane outside the cell wall that contains toxic lipids. This observation indicates that

Which of the following is a member of the domain Archaea?

You hang a microscope slide from a submerged, L-shaped PVC pipe in lake water that is 2 feet deep. The slide hangs 6 inches below the surface of the water and remains there for eight weeks. When you remove it and bring it to your lab for observation, you see that algae, bacteria, and even some fungi have colonized the slide. You determine that you are looking at a/an

Evidence for the relatively close relationship of archaea to eukaryotes includes

The use of prokaryotes and other organisms to clean up pollutants from soil, air, or water is called ________.

________ are stramenopiles that commonly are found decomposing dead animals in freshwater habitats.

One difference between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria is that