Exam 6: Perception and Individual Decision Making

The tendency to believe falsely, after an outcome of an event is actually known, that one would have accurately predicted that outcome is known as ________ bias.

Which of the following is a component of the three-component model of creativity?

The rational decision-making model takes into consideration the fact that all information pertaining to a problem might not be available to the decision maker.

Sarah Covington, a sales manager at Synergy Corporation Bank, often keeps low expectations of her team. She feels that they are underqualified for their job and do not have substantial experience to sell a large number of accounts. Covington's team does not feel motivated enough and invariably underperforms and misses targets on a regular basis. Which of the following concepts best explains Covington's team's poor performance?

David Myers is of the opinion that people who drive SUVs are rash drivers. He feels that people driving SUVs do not respect road rules and always violate traffic regulations. What personal factor is most likely to be affecting Myers' perception of SUV drivers?

A process of making decisions by constructing simplified models that extract the essential features from problems without capturing all their complexity is known as ________.

Men make better decisions than women.

According to the attribution theory, if a behavior scores ________, we tend to attribute it to external causes.

Which of the following statements is true regarding a contrast effect?

Monica Walden feels that people who use plastic bags are insensitive toward the environment. She believes that people have a certain obligation toward their environment and should take it upon themselves to protect and preserve it. Which of the following factors has most likely influenced Walden's perception of plastic bag users?

Anne Warner, a climate campaigner at an environmental organization, is in charge of implementing a campaign activity where she needs to increase the use of renewable energy in the villages of Vietnam. For her project, she uses the rational decision-making model to implement activities. She has just completed identifying an appropriate criteria for decision making and has allocated weights to the criteria. Which of the following is Warner most likely to undertake next according to the model?

Discuss attribution theory.

Phyllis Stintson needs to decide whether to start a campaign against deforestation in Indonesia. Though her research team has provided substantial information on the high feasibility of the project, Stintson does not go ahead with the project. If Stintson made her decision by drawing unconscious references from several different experiences in the past, her decision is most likely influenced by which of the following?

Naomi Fisher, a sales manager at Pure, a water purifier company, had a new member, Leah Marshall, join her team. Though during Leah's interview, Naomi felt she would be a productive sales executive, her performance has often been below the mark. Consistently in the past three months, Leah has been unable to reach her targets and is falling substantially behind on her annual targets. Naomi assumes that Leah is not determined and motivated enough to do what it takes. Which of the following, if true, weakens Naomi's assumption?

A focus on utilitarianism creates an environment that hinders productivity and efficiency.

According to attribution theory, if a behavior scores high on consensus and distinctiveness, we tend to consider it as an internally caused behavior.

William Davies, a guest relations executive at a five-star deluxe hotel, regularly interacts with bureaucrats, politicians, celebrities, and other prosperous individuals. He feels that all rich people are kind, hardworking, and friendly. Which of the following best characterizes Davies' perception?

Which of the following terms refers to a situation in which a person inaccurately perceives another person and the resulting expectations cause the other person to behave in ways consistent with the original perception?

According to attribution theory, the more consistent a behavior, the more we are inclined to attribute it to external causes.

Which of the following is a factor present in a target which may affect a person's perception?