Question 1

An especially representative example of a concept is called a/an:

Accepted Answer

A)  concept. 
B)  mental set. 
C)  prototype. 
D)  algorithm. 
A)  concept. 
B)  mental set. 
C)  prototype. 
D)  algorithm.

Question 2

________ is a state of tension that exists when a person simultaneously holds two cognitions that are inconsistent with one another.

Accepted Answer

A)  Mental set 
B)  Post-decision dissonance 
C)  Cognitive dissonance 
D)  Hindsight bias 
A)  Mental set 
B)  Post-decision dissonance 
C)  Cognitive dissonance 
D)  Hindsight bias

Question 3

Since there is a cultural stereotype in North America that women are not good at math, when women are given a math test they generally excel in order to prove the critics wrong.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

According to Robert Sternberg, a person's capacity for learning new facts, the problem solving strategies they use, and their capacity to monitor their progress, is most relevant to ________ intelligence.

Accepted Answer

A)  contextual 
B)  componential 
C)  emotional 
D)  experiential 
A)  contextual 
B)  componential 
C)  emotional 
D)  experiential

Question 5

A proposition is an integrated mental network of knowledge, beliefs, and expectations concerning a particular topic or aspect of the world.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

When it comes to thinking critically, people tend to apply a double standard. Explain how confirmation bias is linked to this double standard.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 7

At 66 years of age, Hilda is worried when researchers ask her to take an IQ test. She knows that older people are assumed to have failing cognitive abilities. What term is used to describe Hilda's anxiety? How might Hilda's test-taking performance be affected by her worries?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 8

Binet's method of figuring IQ had two serious flaws. Describe these flaws.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 9

Noah thinks of himself as an excellent negotiator when purchasing cars. Two months after Noah's purchase, his brother-in-law gets the same model for $1000 less! According to cognitive dissonance theory, Noah:

Accepted Answer

A)  will ask his brother-in-law to come along with him the next time he purchases a car. 
B)  will decide that he was wrong and that he isn't that good at negotiating a good car price. 
C)  will begin to dislike his new car, noticing all the little details that bother him. 
D)  will decide that he is glad he had the car for those two months, even though prices soon dropped. 
A)  will ask his brother-in-law to come along with him the next time he purchases a car. 
B)  will decide that he was wrong and that he isn't that good at negotiating a good car price. 
C)  will begin to dislike his new car, noticing all the little details that bother him. 
D)  will decide that he is glad he had the car for those two months, even though prices soon dropped.

Question 10

Reflective judgment is basically another term for what has been called critical thinking.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

In the 1950s, a social psychologist and two of his associates joined a "doomsday" group in order to study how the group members would react when the world did not end as predicted by their leader. How did the believers respond? Analyze their responses according to the theory of cognitive dissonance.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 12

A ________ is a unit of meaning made up of concepts that expresses a unitary idea.

Accepted Answer

A)  proposition 
B)  cognitive schema 
C)  cognitive heuristic 
D)  prototype 
A)  proposition 
B)  cognitive schema 
C)  cognitive heuristic 
D)  prototype

Question 13

The average intelligence score of contemporary IQ tests is usually set arbitrarily at 100, and the tests are constructed so that about two-thirds of all people score between 85 and 115.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

An algorithm is a rule of thumb that guides problem solving but does not guarantee an optimal solution.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

A person who is low in emotional intelligence is likely to misread the nonverbal signals of others.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The tendency to overestimate one's ability to have predicted an event once the outcome is known is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  mindlessness. 
B)  hindsight bias. 
C)  mental set. 
D)  stereotype threat. 
A)  mindlessness. 
B)  hindsight bias. 
C)  mental set. 
D)  stereotype threat.

Question 17

Dallas is an 8-year-old boy who has a mental age of 11 years. His IQ would be about:

Accepted Answer

A)  100. 
B)  130. 
C)  115. 
D)  85. 
A)  100. 
B)  130. 
C)  115. 
D)  85.

Question 18

According to the affect heuristic, beef consumption will rise following publication of news articles reporting the dangers of mad cow disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Match each definition with the appropriate term.
-the measurement of mental abilities, traits, and processes

Accepted Answer

A) intelligence 
B) reasoning 
C) psychometrics 
D) "g factor" 
E) meta-cognition 
A) intelligence 
B) reasoning 
C) psychometrics 
D) "g factor" 
E) meta-cognition

Question 20

A child is tested by Alfred Binet. Her test results indicate that she has a mental age of five. What does this mean?

Accepted Answer

A)  She is definitely five years old. 
B)  She is probably developmentally disabled. 
C)  There is no meaning that could be attached to the fact that she has a mental age of five. 
D)  Her score is the same as the average score of a group of five-year-olds. 
A)  She is definitely five years old. 
B)  She is probably developmentally disabled. 
C)  There is no meaning that could be attached to the fact that she has a mental age of five. 
D)  Her score is the same as the average score of a group of five-year-olds.

An especially representative example of a concept is called a/an:

________ is a state of tension that exists when a person simultaneously holds two cognitions that are inconsistent with one another.

Since there is a cultural stereotype in North America that women are not good at math, when women are given a math test they generally excel in order to prove the critics wrong.

According to Robert Sternberg, a person's capacity for learning new facts, the problem solving strategies they use, and their capacity to monitor their progress, is most relevant to ________ intelligence.

A proposition is an integrated mental network of knowledge, beliefs, and expectations concerning a particular topic or aspect of the world.

When it comes to thinking critically, people tend to apply a double standard. Explain how confirmation bias is linked to this double standard.

At 66 years of age, Hilda is worried when researchers ask her to take an IQ test. She knows that older people are assumed to have failing cognitive abilities. What term is used to describe Hilda's anxiety? How might Hilda's test-taking performance be affected by her worries?

Binet's method of figuring IQ had two serious flaws. Describe these flaws.

Noah thinks of himself as an excellent negotiator when purchasing cars. Two months after Noah's purchase, his brother-in-law gets the same model for $1000 less! According to cognitive dissonance theory, Noah:

Reflective judgment is basically another term for what has been called critical thinking.

In the 1950s, a social psychologist and two of his associates joined a "doomsday" group in order to study how the group members would react when the world did not end as predicted by their leader. How did the believers respond? Analyze their responses according to the theory of cognitive dissonance.

A ________ is a unit of meaning made up of concepts that expresses a unitary idea.

The average intelligence score of contemporary IQ tests is usually set arbitrarily at 100, and the tests are constructed so that about two-thirds of all people score between 85 and 115.

An algorithm is a rule of thumb that guides problem solving but does not guarantee an optimal solution.

A person who is low in emotional intelligence is likely to misread the nonverbal signals of others.

The tendency to overestimate one's ability to have predicted an event once the outcome is known is called:

Dallas is an 8-year-old boy who has a mental age of 11 years. His IQ would be about:

According to the affect heuristic, beef consumption will rise following publication of news articles reporting the dangers of mad cow disease.

Match each definition with the appropriate term. -the measurement of mental abilities, traits, and processes

A child is tested by Alfred Binet. Her test results indicate that she has a mental age of five. What does this mean?

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain: Source of Mind and Self

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Behaviour in Social and Cultural Context

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters

Exam 9: Thinking and Intelligence

An especially representative example of a concept is called a/an:

________ is a state of tension that exists when a person simultaneously holds two cognitions that are inconsistent with one another.

Since there is a cultural stereotype in North America that women are not good at math, when women are given a math test they generally excel in order to prove the critics wrong.

According to Robert Sternberg, a person's capacity for learning new facts, the problem solving strategies they use, and their capacity to monitor their progress, is most relevant to ________ intelligence.

A proposition is an integrated mental network of knowledge, beliefs, and expectations concerning a particular topic or aspect of the world.

When it comes to thinking critically, people tend to apply a double standard. Explain how confirmation bias is linked to this double standard.

At 66 years of age, Hilda is worried when researchers ask her to take an IQ test. She knows that older people are assumed to have failing cognitive abilities. What term is used to describe Hilda's anxiety? How might Hilda's test-taking performance be affected by her worries?

Binet's method of figuring IQ had two serious flaws. Describe these flaws.

Noah thinks of himself as an excellent negotiator when purchasing cars. Two months after Noah's purchase, his brother-in-law gets the same model for $1000 less! According to cognitive dissonance theory, Noah:

Reflective judgment is basically another term for what has been called critical thinking.

A ________ is a unit of meaning made up of concepts that expresses a unitary idea.

The average intelligence score of contemporary IQ tests is usually set arbitrarily at 100, and the tests are constructed so that about two-thirds of all people score between 85 and 115.

An algorithm is a rule of thumb that guides problem solving but does not guarantee an optimal solution.

A person who is low in emotional intelligence is likely to misread the nonverbal signals of others.

The tendency to overestimate one's ability to have predicted an event once the outcome is known is called:

Dallas is an 8-year-old boy who has a mental age of 11 years. His IQ would be about:

According to the affect heuristic, beef consumption will rise following publication of news articles reporting the dangers of mad cow disease.

Match each definition with the appropriate term. -the measurement of mental abilities, traits, and processes

A child is tested by Alfred Binet. Her test results indicate that she has a mental age of five. What does this mean?

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain: Source of Mind and Self

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Behaviour in Social and Cultural Context

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters