Question 1

The individual who first proposed the existence of transposable elements was ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Sturtevant 
B)  Morgan 
C)  McClintock 
D)  Franklin 
E)  Watson 
A)  Sturtevant 
B)  Morgan 
C)  McClintock 
D)  Franklin 
E)  Watson

Question 2

Which of the following would introduce more twists into the DNA molecule of a bacterial cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  negative supercoiling 
B)  positive supercoiling 
C)  chromatin remodeling 
D)  All of these choices are correct. 
A)  negative supercoiling 
B)  positive supercoiling 
C)  chromatin remodeling 
D)  All of these choices are correct.

Question 3

Quinolones kill bacteria by what mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A)  It inhibits DNA gyrase. 
B)  It inhibits DNA compaction. 
C)  It inhibits DNA replication. 
D)  All of these choices are correct. 
A)  It inhibits DNA gyrase. 
B)  It inhibits DNA compaction. 
C)  It inhibits DNA replication. 
D)  All of these choices are correct.

Question 4

Transposons that use an RNA intermediate for transposition are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  R elements 
B)  RNAi transposons 
C)  retrotransposons 
D)  reverse transposons 
A)  R elements 
B)  RNAi transposons 
C)  retrotransposons 
D)  reverse transposons

Question 5

One would expect heterochromatic regions of DNA to be more compacted than euchromatic regions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Loop domains are responsible for what level of condensation of the bacterial chromosome?

Accepted Answer

A)  10-fold 
B)  100-fold 
C)  1000-fold 
D)  10,000-fold 
A)  10-fold 
B)  100-fold 
C)  1000-fold 
D)  10,000-fold

Question 7

DNA topoisomerase I does which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  introduce positive supercoils 
B)  relieve positive supercoils 
C)  introduce negative supercoils 
D)  More than one of these choices are correct. 
A)  introduce positive supercoils 
B)  relieve positive supercoils 
C)  introduce negative supercoils 
D)  More than one of these choices are correct.

Question 8

What feature(s)may be found in insertion elements?

Accepted Answer

A)  inverted repeats 
B)  transposase gene 
C)  reverse transcriptase gene 
D)  antibiotic resistance gene 
E)  integrase gene 
A)  inverted repeats 
B)  transposase gene 
C)  reverse transcriptase gene 
D)  antibiotic resistance gene 
E)  integrase gene

Question 9

Which of the following enzymes is required for a transposon to move?

Accepted Answer

A)  promotes strand invasion and formation of the D loop 
B)  jumpase 
C)  splicase 
D)  transposase 
A)  promotes strand invasion and formation of the D loop 
B)  jumpase 
C)  splicase 
D)  transposase

Question 10

Where is the bacterial chromosome located?

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleus 
B)  nucleolus 
C)  nucleoid 
D)  nuclear envelope 
A)  nucleus 
B)  nucleolus 
C)  nucleoid 
D)  nuclear envelope

Question 11

What types of amino acids are most responsible for the binding of DNA to histones?

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrophobic amino acids 
B)  polar amino acids 
C)  positively charged amino acids 
D)  negatively charged amino acids 
A)  hydrophobic amino acids 
B)  polar amino acids 
C)  positively charged amino acids 
D)  negatively charged amino acids

Question 12

LINEs and SINEs together constitute over 30% of the human genome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

To date,there are no indications that transposable elements offer a selective advantage to a species.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

A nucleus is 4 μm in diameter.Its DNA is composed of a million base pairs.Approximately how much does the DNA need to be condensed in order to fit inside the nucleus?

Accepted Answer

A)  30-fold 
B)  100,000-fold 
C)  1 million-fold 
D)  3 million-fold 
A)  30-fold 
B)  100,000-fold 
C)  1 million-fold 
D)  3 million-fold

Question 15

The correct order of compaction from least compacted to most compacted would be

Accepted Answer

A)  naked DNA, 30 nm fiber, nucleosome, radial loop, metaphase chromosome. 
B)  naked DNA, radial loop, 30 nm fiber, nucleosome, metaphase chromosome. 
C)  naked DNA, nucleosome, 30 nm fiber, radial loop, metaphase chromosome. 
D)  naked DNA, metaphase chromosome, radial loop, 30 nm fiber, nucleosome. 
A)  naked DNA, 30 nm fiber, nucleosome, radial loop, metaphase chromosome. 
B)  naked DNA, radial loop, 30 nm fiber, nucleosome, metaphase chromosome. 
C)  naked DNA, nucleosome, 30 nm fiber, radial loop, metaphase chromosome. 
D)  naked DNA, metaphase chromosome, radial loop, 30 nm fiber, nucleosome.

Question 16

An Alu sequence is an example of what?

Accepted Answer

A)  moderately repetitive element 
B)  Unique sequences that are less frequent than moderately repetitive genes, but more frequent than other unique sequences. 
C)  highly repetitive DNA 
D)  unique sequence DNA 
A)  moderately repetitive element 
B)  Unique sequences that are less frequent than moderately repetitive genes, but more frequent than other unique sequences. 
C)  highly repetitive DNA 
D)  unique sequence DNA

Question 17

Unique sequences make up approximately what percent of the human genome?

Accepted Answer

A)  5% 
B)  25% 
C)  40% 
D)  80% 
A)  5% 
B)  25% 
C)  40% 
D)  80%

Question 18

The DNA of a bacterial cell must be compacted about ________ fold to fit within the confines of the cell.

Accepted Answer

A)  10 
B)  100 
C)  150 
D)  1000 
E)  1,000,000 
A)  10 
B)  100 
C)  150 
D)  1000 
E)  1,000,000

Question 19

What is the purpose of MARs and SARs?

Accepted Answer

A)  to bind to the nuclear matrix 
B)  to form loop structure 
C)  to condense DNA 
D)  All of these choices are correct. 
A)  to bind to the nuclear matrix 
B)  to form loop structure 
C)  to condense DNA 
D)  All of these choices are correct.

Question 20

Which statement is true concerning chromosome compaction during cell division?

Accepted Answer

A)  Radial loops are not anchored to the scaffolding proteins. 
B)  Overall chromosomal length is shortened. 
C)  Compaction results in increased transcriptional rates. 
D)  The 30 nm fibers are altered to 60  nm fibers. 
A)  Radial loops are not anchored to the scaffolding proteins. 
B)  Overall chromosomal length is shortened. 
C)  Compaction results in increased transcriptional rates. 
D)  The 30 nm fibers are altered to 60  nm fibers.

Exam 12: Molecular Structure of Chromosomes and Transposition

The individual who first proposed the existence of transposable elements was ________.

Which of the following would introduce more twists into the DNA molecule of a bacterial cell?

Quinolones kill bacteria by what mechanism?

Transposons that use an RNA intermediate for transposition are called ________.

One would expect heterochromatic regions of DNA to be more compacted than euchromatic regions.

Loop domains are responsible for what level of condensation of the bacterial chromosome?

DNA topoisomerase I does which of the following?

What feature(s)may be found in insertion elements?

Which of the following enzymes is required for a transposon to move?

Where is the bacterial chromosome located?

What types of amino acids are most responsible for the binding of DNA to histones?

LINEs and SINEs together constitute over 30% of the human genome.

To date,there are no indications that transposable elements offer a selective advantage to a species.

A nucleus is 4 μm in diameter.Its DNA is composed of a million base pairs.Approximately how much does the DNA need to be condensed in order to fit inside the nucleus?

The correct order of compaction from least compacted to most compacted would be

An Alu sequence is an example of what?

Unique sequences make up approximately what percent of the human genome?

The DNA of a bacterial cell must be compacted about ________ fold to fit within the confines of the cell.

What is the purpose of MARs and SARs?

Which statement is true concerning chromosome compaction during cell division?

Overview of Genetics

Reproduction and Chromosome Transmission

Mendelian Inheritance

Sex Determination and Sex Chromosomes

Extensions of Mendelian Inheritance

Extranuclear Inheritance, Imprinting, and Maternal Effect

Genetic Linkage and Mapping in Eukaryotes

Variation in Chromosome Structure and Number

Genetics in Bacteria

Genetics of Viruses

Molecular Structure of DNA and RNA

Dna Replication and Recombination

Gene Transcription and RNA Modification

Translation of MRNA

Gene Regulation in Bacteria

Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes

Non-Coding Rnas

Gene Mutation and DNA Repair

Molecular Technologies

Genomics

Medical Genetics and Cancer

Population Genetics

Quantitative Genetics

Filters