Question 1

Which body site is most commonly associated with a hospital-acquired infection?

Accepted Answer

A) Urinary tract. 
B) Surgical site. 
C) Lower respiratory tract. 
D) Skin. 
E) Wound. 
A) Urinary tract. 
B) Surgical site. 
C) Lower respiratory tract. 
D) Skin. 
E) Wound. A

Question 2

Which of the following is FALSE? Standard Precautions

Accepted Answer

A) are the first line of approach to infection control. 
B) stress the importance of hand hygiene. 
C) include the appropriate use of personal protective equipment by staff. 
D) are only followed for symptomatic patients. 
E) are followed regardless of a patient's infectious status. 
A) are the first line of approach to infection control. 
B) stress the importance of hand hygiene. 
C) include the appropriate use of personal protective equipment by staff. 
D) are only followed for symptomatic patients. 
E) are followed regardless of a patient's infectious status. D

Question 3

If a patient is known to have a wound infection caused by MRSA,which infection control procedures should be observed?

Accepted Answer

A) Standard Precautions only. 
B) Standard Precautions and droplet precautions. 
C) Standard Precautions and contact precautions. 
D) Airborne precautions. 
E) Droplet precautions. 
A) Standard Precautions only. 
B) Standard Precautions and droplet precautions. 
C) Standard Precautions and contact precautions. 
D) Airborne precautions. 
E) Droplet precautions. C

Question 4

Vancomycin-resistant enterococci

Accepted Answer

A) are resistant to vancomycin but not to other drugs. 
B) most often cause infections in healthy people. 
C) can cause surgical wound infections. 
D) don't survive well in the hospital environment. 
E) all of the above. 
A) are resistant to vancomycin but not to other drugs. 
B) most often cause infections in healthy people. 
C) can cause surgical wound infections. 
D) don't survive well in the hospital environment. 
E) all of the above.

Question 5

Which of the following opportunistic organisms can cause diarrhoea or a pseudomembranous colitis following broad spectrum antibiotic therapy?

Accepted Answer

A) E.coli. 
B) Streptococcus pyogenes. 
C) Candida albicans. 
D) Clostridium difficile. 
E) Vancomycin-resistant enterococci. 
A) E.coli. 
B) Streptococcus pyogenes. 
C) Candida albicans. 
D) Clostridium difficile. 
E) Vancomycin-resistant enterococci.

Question 6

An example of an endogenous infection would be a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) infection of a surgical wound with organisms from another patient. 
B) lung infection in which the causative organisms are inhaled. 
C) cystitis caused by organisms from the person's own gastrointestinal tract. 
D) infection which relates to some genetic abnormality. 
E) all of the above. 
A) infection of a surgical wound with organisms from another patient. 
B) lung infection in which the causative organisms are inhaled. 
C) cystitis caused by organisms from the person's own gastrointestinal tract. 
D) infection which relates to some genetic abnormality. 
E) all of the above.

Question 7

Which of the following Gram-negative bacteria is frequently associated with hospital-acquired infections?

Accepted Answer

A) Escherichia coli. 
B) Klebsiella. 
C) Enterobacter. 
D) Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 
E) All of the above. 
A) Escherichia coli. 
B) Klebsiella. 
C) Enterobacter. 
D) Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 
E) All of the above.

Question 8

Which of the following most often predisposes hospitalised patients to urinary tract infections?

Accepted Answer

A) Urinary catheterisation. 
B) Antibiotic therapy. 
C) Frequent bedpan use. 
D) Immunosuppressive therapy. 
E) Diabetes. 
A) Urinary catheterisation. 
B) Antibiotic therapy. 
C) Frequent bedpan use. 
D) Immunosuppressive therapy. 
E) Diabetes.

Question 9

Which of the following terms means the absence of all disease-producing microorganisms?

Accepted Answer

A) Disinfection. 
B) Antisepsis. 
C) Barrier nursing. 
D) Asepsis. 
E) Sanitisation. 
A) Disinfection. 
B) Antisepsis. 
C) Barrier nursing. 
D) Asepsis. 
E) Sanitisation.

Question 10

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Accepted Answer

A) is commonly found in moist areas in the hospital environment. 
B) often causes burns wound infections. 
C) often causes infections in patients with cystic fibrosis. 
D) is naturally resistant to some antibiotics and disinfectants. 
E) all of the above. 
A) is commonly found in moist areas in the hospital environment. 
B) often causes burns wound infections. 
C) often causes infections in patients with cystic fibrosis. 
D) is naturally resistant to some antibiotics and disinfectants. 
E) all of the above.

Question 11

Transmission-based Precautions should be used for patients who

Accepted Answer

A) have hepatitis C. 
B) are suffering from malaria. 
C) have HIV. 
D) are suspected of having TB. 
E) all of the above. 
A) have hepatitis C. 
B) are suffering from malaria. 
C) have HIV. 
D) are suspected of having TB. 
E) all of the above.

Question 12

Alcohol-based handrubs (ABHR)are more effective than soap-and-water handwashing at achieving hand hygiene in the hospital because ABHR

Accepted Answer

A) require less time. 
B) cause less skin irritation. 
C) can be made available at point of care. 
D) achieve a better reduction in bacterial numbers. 
E) all of the above. 
A) require less time. 
B) cause less skin irritation. 
C) can be made available at point of care. 
D) achieve a better reduction in bacterial numbers. 
E) all of the above.

Question 13

Standard Precautions are recommended for the handling of

Accepted Answer

A) blood. 
B) saliva. 
C) broken skin. 
D) mucous membranes. 
E) all of the above. 
A) blood. 
B) saliva. 
C) broken skin. 
D) mucous membranes. 
E) all of the above.

Question 14

Infections that result from medical procedures are called

Accepted Answer

A) iatrogenic. 
B) induced. 
C) opportunistic. 
D) contagious. 
E) endogenous. 
A) iatrogenic. 
B) induced. 
C) opportunistic. 
D) contagious. 
E) endogenous.

Question 15

Which of the following infections would NOT be classed as iatrogenic?

Accepted Answer

A) Urinary tract infection following catheterisation. 
B) Influenza acquired in hospital. 
C) Septicaemia after insertion of an IV cannula. 
D) Bacterial abscess following epidural anaesthetic. 
E) Pneumonia following tracheostomy. 
A) Urinary tract infection following catheterisation. 
B) Influenza acquired in hospital. 
C) Septicaemia after insertion of an IV cannula. 
D) Bacterial abscess following epidural anaesthetic. 
E) Pneumonia following tracheostomy.

Question 16

If a patient becomes infected via an instrument which had been contaminated when used on another patient,the route of transmission is termed

Accepted Answer

A) common vehicle transmission. 
B) direct contact transmission. 
C) indirect contact transmission. 
D) hospital-acquired transmission. 
E) non-compliance transmission. 
A) common vehicle transmission. 
B) direct contact transmission. 
C) indirect contact transmission. 
D) hospital-acquired transmission. 
E) non-compliance transmission.

Question 17

Which of the following organisms is usually transmitted by droplet transmission?

Accepted Answer

A) Staphylococcus aureus. 
B) Escherichia coli. 
C) Norovirus. 
D) Influenza virus. 
E) Candida albicans. 
A) Staphylococcus aureus. 
B) Escherichia coli. 
C) Norovirus. 
D) Influenza virus. 
E) Candida albicans.

Question 18

There is a high incidence of infection in hospitals because

Accepted Answer

A) many medical procedures breach the patient's external barriers. 
B) many patients in hospitals have lowered body defences. 
C) there are many sources of pathogenic organisms in hospitals. 
D) many patients are immunocompromised in some way. 
E) all of the above. 
A) many medical procedures breach the patient's external barriers. 
B) many patients in hospitals have lowered body defences. 
C) there are many sources of pathogenic organisms in hospitals. 
D) many patients are immunocompromised in some way. 
E) all of the above.

Question 19

A nosocomial infection is one which is

Accepted Answer

A) caused by the normal microbiota of the nose. 
B) incubating in a patient at the time of their admission to hospital. 
C) acquired while in a healthcare facility. 
D) present in a patient at the time of hospitalisation. 
E) readily treated with antibiotics. 
A) caused by the normal microbiota of the nose. 
B) incubating in a patient at the time of their admission to hospital. 
C) acquired while in a healthcare facility. 
D) present in a patient at the time of hospitalisation. 
E) readily treated with antibiotics.

Question 20

The presence and growth of bacteria on the skin or mucous membranes without causing disease is called

Accepted Answer

A) contamination. 
B) colonisation. 
C) infection. 
D) latency. 
E) opportunism. 
A) contamination. 
B) colonisation. 
C) infection. 
D) latency. 
E) opportunism.

Exam 13: Infection Control in Healthcare Facilities

Which body site is most commonly associated with a hospital-acquired infection?

Which of the following is FALSE? Standard Precautions

If a patient is known to have a wound infection caused by MRSA,which infection control procedures should be observed?

Vancomycin-resistant enterococci

Which of the following opportunistic organisms can cause diarrhoea or a pseudomembranous colitis following broad spectrum antibiotic therapy?

An example of an endogenous infection would be a(n)

Which of the following Gram-negative bacteria is frequently associated with hospital-acquired infections?

Which of the following most often predisposes hospitalised patients to urinary tract infections?

Which of the following terms means the absence of all disease-producing microorganisms?

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Transmission-based Precautions should be used for patients who

Alcohol-based handrubs (ABHR)are more effective than soap-and-water handwashing at achieving hand hygiene in the hospital because ABHR

Standard Precautions are recommended for the handling of

Infections that result from medical procedures are called

Which of the following infections would NOT be classed as iatrogenic?

If a patient becomes infected via an instrument which had been contaminated when used on another patient,the route of transmission is termed

Which of the following organisms is usually transmitted by droplet transmission?

There is a high incidence of infection in hospitals because

A nosocomial infection is one which is

The presence and growth of bacteria on the skin or mucous membranes without causing disease is called

The Invisible World

Biological Reactions in Microbial Cells

Bacteria

Genes and Biotechnology

Viruses and Viral Diseases

Eucaryotic Microorganisms: Fungi, protozoa and Multicellular Organisms

Hostmicrobe Interactions and Principles of Disease

Epidemiology: How Diseases Are Spread

The Bodys Defence Systems

Pathogenic Mechanisms and Evasion Strategies of Microorganisms

Principles of Sterilisation and Disinfection

Antimicrobial Therapy

Issues in Public Health

Microbial Techniques for Diagnosis of Infection

Skin, wound and Eye Infections

Respiratory Tract Infections

Gastrointestinal Tract Infections

Cardiovascular and Multisystem Infections

Infections of the Nervous System

Infections of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

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