Question 1

The collection and analysis of data on the occurrence and spread of a disease is called

Accepted Answer

A) primary prevention. 
B) surveillance. 
C) infection control. 
D) prospective study. 
E) disease classification. 
A) primary prevention. 
B) surveillance. 
C) infection control. 
D) prospective study. 
E) disease classification. B

Question 2

Communicable diseases

Accepted Answer

A) are infections transmitted by insects. 
B) are infections acquired from animals. 
C) can be spread by aerosols. 
D) may be caused by a toxin. 
E) all of the above. 
A) are infections transmitted by insects. 
B) are infections acquired from animals. 
C) can be spread by aerosols. 
D) may be caused by a toxin. 
E) all of the above. C

Question 3

Portals of exit are

Accepted Answer

A) the various orifices of the human body. 
B) limited to the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts in humans. 
C) any place on the body where a secretion occurs. 
D) the areas of the body from which pathogens are shed. 
E) the ways by which the body eliminates pathogens. 
A) the various orifices of the human body. 
B) limited to the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts in humans. 
C) any place on the body where a secretion occurs. 
D) the areas of the body from which pathogens are shed. 
E) the ways by which the body eliminates pathogens. D

Question 4

Which of the following diseases is NOT usually contracted by the respiratory route?

Accepted Answer

A) Pneumonia. 
B) Hepatitis B. 
C) Measles. 
D) Tuberculosis. 
E) Aspergillosis. 
A) Pneumonia. 
B) Hepatitis B. 
C) Measles. 
D) Tuberculosis. 
E) Aspergillosis.

Question 5

An example of an infection which is transmitted by an arthropod vector is

Accepted Answer

A) rabies. 
B) polio. 
C) Murray Valley encephalitis. 
D) cytomegalovirus infection. 
E) SARS. 
A) rabies. 
B) polio. 
C) Murray Valley encephalitis. 
D) cytomegalovirus infection. 
E) SARS.

Question 6

Diseases that are always present in a community are described as

Accepted Answer

A) epidemic. 
B) systemic. 
C) contagious. 
D) endemic. 
E) chronic. 
A) epidemic. 
B) systemic. 
C) contagious. 
D) endemic. 
E) chronic.

Question 7

Which of the following infections does NOT have the skin as a portal of entry?

Accepted Answer

A) Hookworm infection. 
B) Tetanus. 
C) Impetigo. 
D) Measles. 
E) Malaria. 
A) Hookworm infection. 
B) Tetanus. 
C) Impetigo. 
D) Measles. 
E) Malaria.

Question 8

Which of the following diseases is contracted by faecal-oral transmission?

Accepted Answer

A) Salmonellosis. 
B) Pneumonia. 
C) Tuberculosis. 
D) Measles. 
E) Aspergillosis. 
A) Salmonellosis. 
B) Pneumonia. 
C) Tuberculosis. 
D) Measles. 
E) Aspergillosis.

Question 9

A congenital infection is

Accepted Answer

A) an infection of a baby in the womb. 
B) a genital infection caused by multiple organisms. 
C) any infection that involves the genital area. 
D) an infection that is transmitted during sexual activity. 
E) an infection of a baby during birth. 
A) an infection of a baby in the womb. 
B) a genital infection caused by multiple organisms. 
C) any infection that involves the genital area. 
D) an infection that is transmitted during sexual activity. 
E) an infection of a baby during birth.

Question 10

Epidemiology is

Accepted Answer

A) the study of the cause,spread and control of disease. 
B) the systematic collection of information about disease. 
C) the development of methods to prevent disease. 
D) the analysis of factors contributing to disease. 
E) all of the above. 
A) the study of the cause,spread and control of disease. 
B) the systematic collection of information about disease. 
C) the development of methods to prevent disease. 
D) the analysis of factors contributing to disease. 
E) all of the above.

Question 11

Faecal-oral transmission refers to the transmission of

Accepted Answer

A) microorganisms which only affect the gastrointestinal system. 
B) pathogens which are ingested and then excreted in faeces. 
C) toxins produced in food before it is ingested. 
D) microorganisms carried on a person's hands. 
E) infections acquired by consumption of faeces. 
A) microorganisms which only affect the gastrointestinal system. 
B) pathogens which are ingested and then excreted in faeces. 
C) toxins produced in food before it is ingested. 
D) microorganisms carried on a person's hands. 
E) infections acquired by consumption of faeces.

Question 12

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Transmission by the faecal-oral route is always associated with water. 
B) Water is a reservoir for a number of human pathogens. 
C) Once the water supply is contaminated with faeces it cannot be treated to remove the pathogens. 
D) Bacteria are not carried in aerosols of water vapour. 
E) All of the above. 
A) Transmission by the faecal-oral route is always associated with water. 
B) Water is a reservoir for a number of human pathogens. 
C) Once the water supply is contaminated with faeces it cannot be treated to remove the pathogens. 
D) Bacteria are not carried in aerosols of water vapour. 
E) All of the above.

Question 13

Which of the following is FALSE? Evidence-based practice

Accepted Answer

A) refers to the development of procedures and practices based on research. 
B) involves the use of quantitative data. 
C) sometimes uses retrospective data. 
D) relies on qualitative and anecdotal data. 
E) is important in improving clinical outcomes. 
A) refers to the development of procedures and practices based on research. 
B) involves the use of quantitative data. 
C) sometimes uses retrospective data. 
D) relies on qualitative and anecdotal data. 
E) is important in improving clinical outcomes.

Question 14

Which of the following diseases is NOT transmitted by the respiratory route?

Accepted Answer

A) Smallpox. 
B) Chickenpox. 
C) German measles. 
D) Typhoid. 
E) Meningitis. 
A) Smallpox. 
B) Chickenpox. 
C) German measles. 
D) Typhoid. 
E) Meningitis.

Question 15

Pathogens that enter the body via the respiratory route

Accepted Answer

A) may produce symptoms in other parts of the body. 
B) only cause infections in the lungs. 
C) are almost always opportunistic pathogens. 
D) are almost always bacteria. 
E) are always readily identified by a throat swab. 
A) may produce symptoms in other parts of the body. 
B) only cause infections in the lungs. 
C) are almost always opportunistic pathogens. 
D) are almost always bacteria. 
E) are always readily identified by a throat swab.

Question 16

A fomite is

Accepted Answer

A) a sponge used for bathing a patient with antiseptic. 
B) a disease spread by infected animals. 
C) a human pathogen that is able to survive in soil or water. 
D) an inanimate object that can carry microorganisms on its surface. 
E) an antiseptic solution used for decontamination of hands. 
A) a sponge used for bathing a patient with antiseptic. 
B) a disease spread by infected animals. 
C) a human pathogen that is able to survive in soil or water. 
D) an inanimate object that can carry microorganisms on its surface. 
E) an antiseptic solution used for decontamination of hands.

Question 17

The source of an infection is the

Accepted Answer

A) place where the organism lives in the environment. 
B) person or object from which an infection is acquired. 
C) person who originally acquired the infection from an animal. 
D) person whose infection can't be treated with antibiotics. 
E) none of the above. 
A) place where the organism lives in the environment. 
B) person or object from which an infection is acquired. 
C) person who originally acquired the infection from an animal. 
D) person whose infection can't be treated with antibiotics. 
E) none of the above.

Question 18

Human reservoirs of infection are people who

Accepted Answer

A) are showing symptoms of the disease. 
B) are in the incubation or prodromal phase of the disease. 
C) carry a latent form of the disease. 
D) are chronic carriers of the disease. 
E) all of the above. 
A) are showing symptoms of the disease. 
B) are in the incubation or prodromal phase of the disease. 
C) carry a latent form of the disease. 
D) are chronic carriers of the disease. 
E) all of the above.

Question 19

Which of the following definitions is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) An outbreak is an increase in the number of cases of a disease in excess of the normal. 
B) The incidence of disease is the number of cases seen in a specific period. 
C) Prevalence is the number of people infected with the disease at any one time. 
D) Morbidity is illness caused by a disease. 
E) The index case is any person who shows the characteristic signs and symptoms of a disease. 
A) An outbreak is an increase in the number of cases of a disease in excess of the normal. 
B) The incidence of disease is the number of cases seen in a specific period. 
C) Prevalence is the number of people infected with the disease at any one time. 
D) Morbidity is illness caused by a disease. 
E) The index case is any person who shows the characteristic signs and symptoms of a disease.

Question 20

If a baby acquires an infection from its mother during birth it is called a

Accepted Answer

A) congenital infection. 
B) genital infection. 
C) portal infection. 
D) maternal infection. 
E) perinatal infection. 
A) congenital infection. 
B) genital infection. 
C) portal infection. 
D) maternal infection. 
E) perinatal infection.

Exam 8: Epidemiology: How Diseases Are Spread

The collection and analysis of data on the occurrence and spread of a disease is called

Communicable diseases

Portals of exit are

Which of the following diseases is NOT usually contracted by the respiratory route?

An example of an infection which is transmitted by an arthropod vector is

Diseases that are always present in a community are described as

Which of the following infections does NOT have the skin as a portal of entry?

Which of the following diseases is contracted by faecal-oral transmission?

A congenital infection is

Epidemiology is

Faecal-oral transmission refers to the transmission of

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Which of the following is FALSE? Evidence-based practice

Which of the following diseases is NOT transmitted by the respiratory route?

Pathogens that enter the body via the respiratory route

A fomite is

The source of an infection is the

Human reservoirs of infection are people who

Which of the following definitions is FALSE?

If a baby acquires an infection from its mother during birth it is called a

The Invisible World

Biological Reactions in Microbial Cells

Bacteria

Genes and Biotechnology

Viruses and Viral Diseases

Eucaryotic Microorganisms: Fungi, protozoa and Multicellular Organisms

Hostmicrobe Interactions and Principles of Disease

The Bodys Defence Systems

Pathogenic Mechanisms and Evasion Strategies of Microorganisms

Principles of Sterilisation and Disinfection

Antimicrobial Therapy

Infection Control in Healthcare Facilities

Issues in Public Health

Microbial Techniques for Diagnosis of Infection

Skin, wound and Eye Infections

Respiratory Tract Infections

Gastrointestinal Tract Infections

Cardiovascular and Multisystem Infections

Infections of the Nervous System

Infections of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

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