Question 1

Which of the following is a gastrointestinal disease?

Accepted Answer

A) Ross River fever. 
B) Rotavirus infection. 
C) Yellow fever. 
D) Scrub typhus. 
E) Malaria. 
A) Ross River fever. 
B) Rotavirus infection. 
C) Yellow fever. 
D) Scrub typhus. 
E) Malaria. B

Question 2

Which of the following organisms is the most common cause of travellers' diarrhoea?

Accepted Answer

A) Pneumocystis jiroveci. 
B) Cryptosporidium parvum. 
C) Cryptococcus neoformans. 
D) E.Coli. 
E) Hepatitis A virus. 
A) Pneumocystis jiroveci. 
B) Cryptosporidium parvum. 
C) Cryptococcus neoformans. 
D) E.Coli. 
E) Hepatitis A virus. D

Question 3

Listeria monocytogenes

Accepted Answer

A) is an infection only of humans. 
B) is most commonly spread directly from person to person. 
C) is endemic in the northern parts of Australia. 
D) can cause serious foetal infections. 
E) all of the above. 
A) is an infection only of humans. 
B) is most commonly spread directly from person to person. 
C) is endemic in the northern parts of Australia. 
D) can cause serious foetal infections. 
E) all of the above. D

Question 4

Clostridium perfringens

Accepted Answer

A) can cause gangrene. 
B) forms resistant endospores. 
C) is commonly found in the environment . 
D) can cause diarrhoea. 
E) all of the above. 
A) can cause gangrene. 
B) forms resistant endospores. 
C) is commonly found in the environment . 
D) can cause diarrhoea. 
E) all of the above.

Question 5

Which of the following could be transmitted by needlestick injury?

Accepted Answer

A) Hepatitis B. 
B) Hepatitis C. 
C) Hepatitis D. 
D) All of the above. 
E) None of the above. 
A) Hepatitis B. 
B) Hepatitis C. 
C) Hepatitis D. 
D) All of the above. 
E) None of the above.

Question 6

Inflammatory diarrhoea

Accepted Answer

A) usually involves the small intestine. 
B) is a profuse diarrhoea without blood and white cells. 
C) is often accompanied by fever. 
D) does not result from the action of toxins. 
E) all of the above. 
A) usually involves the small intestine. 
B) is a profuse diarrhoea without blood and white cells. 
C) is often accompanied by fever. 
D) does not result from the action of toxins. 
E) all of the above.

Question 7

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Most intestinal pathogens invade the intestine and spread to other parts of the body. 
B) Only bacteria cause gastroenteritis. 
C) Gastrointestinal infection always results in diarrhoea. 
D) Acute diarrhoeal infections can be fatal due to fluid loss. 
E) Gastrointestinal infections are always associated with contaminated food. 
A) Most intestinal pathogens invade the intestine and spread to other parts of the body. 
B) Only bacteria cause gastroenteritis. 
C) Gastrointestinal infection always results in diarrhoea. 
D) Acute diarrhoeal infections can be fatal due to fluid loss. 
E) Gastrointestinal infections are always associated with contaminated food.

Question 8

Hepatitis B can be transmitted by

Accepted Answer

A) male homosexual contact. 
B) exposure to infected patient blood. 
C) at birth,from infected mother to baby. 
D) intravenous drug use. 
E) all of the above. 
A) male homosexual contact. 
B) exposure to infected patient blood. 
C) at birth,from infected mother to baby. 
D) intravenous drug use. 
E) all of the above.

Question 9

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Typhoid fever is caused by Salmonella typhi. 
B) Salmonella can remain in the gall bladder or liver after the patient has recovered. 
C) All patients who have typhoid become chronic carriers. 
D) A vaccine is available for typhoid. 
E) Typhoid fever is transmitted by the faecal-oral route. 
A) Typhoid fever is caused by Salmonella typhi. 
B) Salmonella can remain in the gall bladder or liver after the patient has recovered. 
C) All patients who have typhoid become chronic carriers. 
D) A vaccine is available for typhoid. 
E) Typhoid fever is transmitted by the faecal-oral route.

Question 10

Amoebic dysentery

Accepted Answer

A) is caused by Cryptosporidium parvum. 
B) causes ulceration over the whole of the intestinal tract. 
C) is endemic in the northern parts of Australia. 
D) remains localised in the intestine. 
E) all of the above. 
A) is caused by Cryptosporidium parvum. 
B) causes ulceration over the whole of the intestinal tract. 
C) is endemic in the northern parts of Australia. 
D) remains localised in the intestine. 
E) all of the above.

Question 11

Shigella are organisms which

Accepted Answer

A) invade the intestinal lining. 
B) do not have an endotoxin. 
C) have been completely eradicated by vaccination. 
D) cause amoebic dysentery. 
E) rarely cause infections in children. 
A) invade the intestinal lining. 
B) do not have an endotoxin. 
C) have been completely eradicated by vaccination. 
D) cause amoebic dysentery. 
E) rarely cause infections in children.

Question 12

Salmonellosis

Accepted Answer

A) is rare in developed countries. 
B) is a food intoxication. 
C) is often associated with poultry meat or foods containing eggs. 
D) should always be treated with antimicrobial drugs. 
E) all of the above. 
A) is rare in developed countries. 
B) is a food intoxication. 
C) is often associated with poultry meat or foods containing eggs. 
D) should always be treated with antimicrobial drugs. 
E) all of the above.

Question 13

Norovirus infections

Accepted Answer

A) are commonly associated with the consumption of shellfish. 
B) are spread by the faecal-oral route. 
C) require a low infective dose. 
D) can be spread on contaminated fomites. 
E) all of the above. 
A) are commonly associated with the consumption of shellfish. 
B) are spread by the faecal-oral route. 
C) require a low infective dose. 
D) can be spread on contaminated fomites. 
E) all of the above.

Question 14

Hookworm infestation

Accepted Answer

A) can cause iron deficiency and anaemia. 
B) is always symptomatic,characterised by a bloody diarrhoea. 
C) remains localised in the intestine. 
D) occurs when cysts are ingested in contaminated drinking water. 
E) all of the above. 
A) can cause iron deficiency and anaemia. 
B) is always symptomatic,characterised by a bloody diarrhoea. 
C) remains localised in the intestine. 
D) occurs when cysts are ingested in contaminated drinking water. 
E) all of the above.

Question 15

What is the most common risk factor for hepatitis C virus infection in developed countries?

Accepted Answer

A) Blood transfusion. 
B) Intravenous drug abuse. 
C) Unprotected sex. 
D) Perinatal transmission. 
E) Mosquito bite. 
A) Blood transfusion. 
B) Intravenous drug abuse. 
C) Unprotected sex. 
D) Perinatal transmission. 
E) Mosquito bite.

Question 16

Which of the following does NOT cause hepatitis in humans?

Accepted Answer

A) Cytomegalovirus. 
B) Epstein-Barr virus. 
C) Rubeola virus. 
D) Hepatitis B virus. 
E) Hepatitis C virus. 
A) Cytomegalovirus. 
B) Epstein-Barr virus. 
C) Rubeola virus. 
D) Hepatitis B virus. 
E) Hepatitis C virus.

Question 17

Hepatitis A

Accepted Answer

A) has a short incubation period of around two days. 
B) is most severe in young children. 
C) virus is closely related to all the other hepatitis viruses. 
D) does not generally cause chronic infection. 
E) cannot be prevented by vaccination. 
A) has a short incubation period of around two days. 
B) is most severe in young children. 
C) virus is closely related to all the other hepatitis viruses. 
D) does not generally cause chronic infection. 
E) cannot be prevented by vaccination.

Question 18

What is the most important aspect of patient management for most gastrointestinal infections?

Accepted Answer

A) Bed rest. 
B) Administration of antitoxin. 
C) Antimicrobial therapy. 
D) Fluid and electrolyte replacement. 
E) Use of anti-motility drugs. 
A) Bed rest. 
B) Administration of antitoxin. 
C) Antimicrobial therapy. 
D) Fluid and electrolyte replacement. 
E) Use of anti-motility drugs.

Question 19

Which of the following organisms is responsible for the most cases of bacterial diarrhoea in Australia?

Accepted Answer

A) Helicobacter pylori. 
B) Campylobacter jejuni. 
C) Salmonella sp. 
D) E.coli. 
E) Staphylococcus aureus. 
A) Helicobacter pylori. 
B) Campylobacter jejuni. 
C) Salmonella sp. 
D) E.coli. 
E) Staphylococcus aureus.

Question 20

Which of the following bacteria cause gastrointestinal symptoms that are due to an exotoxin?

Accepted Answer

A) Staphylococcus aureus. 
B) Clostridium perfringens. 
C) Vibrio cholerae. 
D) E.coli. 
E) All of the above. 
A) Staphylococcus aureus. 
B) Clostridium perfringens. 
C) Vibrio cholerae. 
D) E.coli. 
E) All of the above.

Exam 18: Gastrointestinal Tract Infections

Which of the following is a gastrointestinal disease?

Which of the following organisms is the most common cause of travellers' diarrhoea?

Listeria monocytogenes

Clostridium perfringens

Which of the following could be transmitted by needlestick injury?

Inflammatory diarrhoea

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Hepatitis B can be transmitted by

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Amoebic dysentery

Shigella are organisms which

Salmonellosis

Norovirus infections

Hookworm infestation

What is the most common risk factor for hepatitis C virus infection in developed countries?

Which of the following does NOT cause hepatitis in humans?

Hepatitis A

What is the most important aspect of patient management for most gastrointestinal infections?

Which of the following organisms is responsible for the most cases of bacterial diarrhoea in Australia?

Which of the following bacteria cause gastrointestinal symptoms that are due to an exotoxin?

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Biological Reactions in Microbial Cells

Bacteria

Genes and Biotechnology

Viruses and Viral Diseases

Eucaryotic Microorganisms: Fungi, protozoa and Multicellular Organisms

Hostmicrobe Interactions and Principles of Disease

Epidemiology: How Diseases Are Spread

The Bodys Defence Systems

Pathogenic Mechanisms and Evasion Strategies of Microorganisms

Principles of Sterilisation and Disinfection

Antimicrobial Therapy

Infection Control in Healthcare Facilities

Issues in Public Health

Microbial Techniques for Diagnosis of Infection

Skin, wound and Eye Infections

Respiratory Tract Infections

Cardiovascular and Multisystem Infections

Infections of the Nervous System

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