Question 1

A Gram stain of urethral discharge from a male shows Gram-negative diplococci and pus cells.The presumptive diagnosis would be

Accepted Answer

A) syphilis. 
B) chlamydial infection. 
C) gonorrhoea. 
D) genital herpes. 
E) urinary tract infection. 
A) syphilis. 
B) chlamydial infection. 
C) gonorrhoea. 
D) genital herpes. 
E) urinary tract infection. C

Question 2

Which of the following is FALSE? Pelvic inflammatory disease

Accepted Answer

A) is an inflammation of the pelvic organs. 
B) only occurs in women with multiple partners. 
C) may result in an ectopic pregnancy. 
D) is an outcome of chronic chlamydial infection. 
E) may be caused by Neisseria gonorrhoea. 
A) is an inflammation of the pelvic organs. 
B) only occurs in women with multiple partners. 
C) may result in an ectopic pregnancy. 
D) is an outcome of chronic chlamydial infection. 
E) may be caused by Neisseria gonorrhoea. B

Question 3

Cystitis is characterised by

Accepted Answer

A) pyuria. 
B) dysuria. 
C) urgency. 
D) frequency. 
E) all of the above. 
A) pyuria. 
B) dysuria. 
C) urgency. 
D) frequency. 
E) all of the above. E

Question 4

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding gonorrhoea in women?

Accepted Answer

A) Gonococci infect the uterine cervix. 
B) Gonococcal infection may extend into the fallopian tubes. 
C) Arthritis may be a sequela. 
D) Obstruction of the fallopian tubes may occur. 
E) All of the above. 
A) Gonococci infect the uterine cervix. 
B) Gonococcal infection may extend into the fallopian tubes. 
C) Arthritis may be a sequela. 
D) Obstruction of the fallopian tubes may occur. 
E) All of the above.

Question 5

Significant bacteriuria in an MSU specimen is defined as

Accepted Answer

A) 10² bacteria per litre. 
B) 10⁴ bacteria per litre. 
C) 10⁶ bacteria per litre. 
D) 10⁸ bacteria per litre. 
E) any number in a properly collected MSU. 
A) 10² bacteria per litre. 
B) 10⁴ bacteria per litre. 
C) 10⁶ bacteria per litre. 
D) 10⁸ bacteria per litre. 
E) any number in a properly collected MSU.

Question 6

Donovanosis

Accepted Answer

A) does not occur in Australia. 
B) is caused by the bacterium Klebsiella granulomatis. 
C) characteristically is a urethritis in men and women. 
D) all of the above. 
E) none of the above. 
A) does not occur in Australia. 
B) is caused by the bacterium Klebsiella granulomatis. 
C) characteristically is a urethritis in men and women. 
D) all of the above. 
E) none of the above.

Question 7

Genital warts

Accepted Answer

A) is often an asymptomatic infection. 
B) are caused by papillomaviruses. 
C) are strongly linked with cervical carcinoma. 
D) all of the above. 
E) none of the above. 
A) is often an asymptomatic infection. 
B) are caused by papillomaviruses. 
C) are strongly linked with cervical carcinoma. 
D) all of the above. 
E) none of the above.

Question 8

Bacterial vaginosis

Accepted Answer

A) is characterised by an abnormal vaginal discharge. 
B) is often asymptomatic. 
C) is associated with an imbalance in the vaginal microbiota. 
D) can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease. 
E) all of the above. 
A) is characterised by an abnormal vaginal discharge. 
B) is often asymptomatic. 
C) is associated with an imbalance in the vaginal microbiota. 
D) can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease. 
E) all of the above.

Question 9

The genital infection characterised by skin lesions called 'gummas' is

Accepted Answer

A) lymphogranuloma venereum. 
B) genital warts. 
C) genital herpes. 
D) tertiary syphilis. 
E) Chlamydia trachomatis infection. 
A) lymphogranuloma venereum. 
B) genital warts. 
C) genital herpes. 
D) tertiary syphilis. 
E) Chlamydia trachomatis infection.

Question 10

The most common cause of urinary tract infection is

Accepted Answer

A) Proteus mirabilis. 
B) Escherichia coli. 
C) Enterobacter sp. 
D) Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 
E) Staphylococcus aureus. 
A) Proteus mirabilis. 
B) Escherichia coli. 
C) Enterobacter sp. 
D) Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 
E) Staphylococcus aureus.

Question 11

Which of the following supports a diagnosis of urinary tract infection?

Accepted Answer

A) Greater than 10⁸ E.coli per litre of urine. 
B) Urinary frequency. 
C) Pyuria. 
D) Painful urination. 
E) All of the above 
A) Greater than 10⁸ E.coli per litre of urine. 
B) Urinary frequency. 
C) Pyuria. 
D) Painful urination. 
E) All of the above

Question 12

Pelvic inflammatory disease most often results from infection with

Accepted Answer

A) Treponema pallidum. 
B) lymphogranuloma venereum. 
C) herpes simplex type 1 virus. 
D) Chlamydia trachomatis. 
E) papillomavirus. 
A) Treponema pallidum. 
B) lymphogranuloma venereum. 
C) herpes simplex type 1 virus. 
D) Chlamydia trachomatis. 
E) papillomavirus.

Question 13

Chancroid is

Accepted Answer

A) the primary lesion of syphilis. 
B) caused by Haemophilus influenzae. 
C) rare in Australia but is notifiable in most states. 
D) an outcome of chronic chlamydial infection. 
E) not able to be treated with antibiotics. 
A) the primary lesion of syphilis. 
B) caused by Haemophilus influenzae. 
C) rare in Australia but is notifiable in most states. 
D) an outcome of chronic chlamydial infection. 
E) not able to be treated with antibiotics.

Question 14

Infection and inflammation of the kidneys is called

Accepted Answer

A) cystitis. 
B) pyelonephritis. 
C) bacteriuria. 
D) dysuria. 
E) haematuria. 
A) cystitis. 
B) pyelonephritis. 
C) bacteriuria. 
D) dysuria. 
E) haematuria.

Question 15

The microorganisms that break down glycogen in vaginal secretions to form lactic acid

Accepted Answer

A) are lactobacilli. 
B) neutralise the normal alkaline pH of the vagina. 
C) cause vaginitis. 
D) are yeasts. 
E) none of the above. 
A) are lactobacilli. 
B) neutralise the normal alkaline pH of the vagina. 
C) cause vaginitis. 
D) are yeasts. 
E) none of the above.

Question 16

Human papillomavirus vaccines

Accepted Answer

A) protect against only some papillomaviruses. 
B) partially protect against cervical cancer. 
C) have not eliminated the need for the Pap smear test. 
D) are not useful for treating existing infections. 
E) all of the above. 
A) protect against only some papillomaviruses. 
B) partially protect against cervical cancer. 
C) have not eliminated the need for the Pap smear test. 
D) are not useful for treating existing infections. 
E) all of the above.

Question 17

The non-specific screening test for syphilis that detects reagin in patient serum is the

Accepted Answer

A) Frei test. 
B) VDRL. 
C) FTA-ABS test. 
D) Wassermann test. 
E) TPPA test. 
A) Frei test. 
B) VDRL. 
C) FTA-ABS test. 
D) Wassermann test. 
E) TPPA test.

Question 18

In between attacks of genital herpes,the causative agent

Accepted Answer

A) exists within nerve cells. 
B) is easily obtained by culture of nerve tissue. 
C) can be found in genital secretions by Gram staining. 
D) is never present in genital secretions. 
E) has entered the bloodstream. 
A) exists within nerve cells. 
B) is easily obtained by culture of nerve tissue. 
C) can be found in genital secretions by Gram staining. 
D) is never present in genital secretions. 
E) has entered the bloodstream.

Question 19

Women suffer from cystitis more often than men because

Accepted Answer

A) menstruation is likely to predispose women to infection. 
B) the pelvic floor muscles are weakened after childbirth. 
C) urinary tract infections are caught from a dirty toilet seat. 
D) the urethra is closer to the anus in women. 
E) all of the above. 
A) menstruation is likely to predispose women to infection. 
B) the pelvic floor muscles are weakened after childbirth. 
C) urinary tract infections are caught from a dirty toilet seat. 
D) the urethra is closer to the anus in women. 
E) all of the above.

Question 20

A reason for the high incidence of sexually transmissible infections is

Accepted Answer

A) the lack of symptoms in some infections. 
B) non-seeking of medical advice. 
C) failure to use condoms 
D) ignorance of the risks. 
E) all of the above. 
A) the lack of symptoms in some infections. 
B) non-seeking of medical advice. 
C) failure to use condoms 
D) ignorance of the risks. 
E) all of the above.

Exam 21: Infections of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

A Gram stain of urethral discharge from a male shows Gram-negative diplococci and pus cells.The presumptive diagnosis would be

Which of the following is FALSE? Pelvic inflammatory disease

Cystitis is characterised by

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding gonorrhoea in women?

Significant bacteriuria in an MSU specimen is defined as

Donovanosis

Genital warts

Bacterial vaginosis

The genital infection characterised by skin lesions called 'gummas' is

The most common cause of urinary tract infection is

Which of the following supports a diagnosis of urinary tract infection?

Pelvic inflammatory disease most often results from infection with

Chancroid is

Infection and inflammation of the kidneys is called

The microorganisms that break down glycogen in vaginal secretions to form lactic acid

Human papillomavirus vaccines

The non-specific screening test for syphilis that detects reagin in patient serum is the

In between attacks of genital herpes,the causative agent

Women suffer from cystitis more often than men because

A reason for the high incidence of sexually transmissible infections is

The Invisible World

Biological Reactions in Microbial Cells

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Genes and Biotechnology

Viruses and Viral Diseases

Eucaryotic Microorganisms: Fungi, protozoa and Multicellular Organisms

Hostmicrobe Interactions and Principles of Disease

Epidemiology: How Diseases Are Spread

The Bodys Defence Systems

Pathogenic Mechanisms and Evasion Strategies of Microorganisms

Principles of Sterilisation and Disinfection

Antimicrobial Therapy

Infection Control in Healthcare Facilities

Issues in Public Health

Microbial Techniques for Diagnosis of Infection

Skin, wound and Eye Infections

Respiratory Tract Infections

Gastrointestinal Tract Infections

Cardiovascular and Multisystem Infections

Infections of the Nervous System

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