Question 1

Explain exogenous and endogenous constructs.

Accepted Answer

An exogenous construct is the latent, mu

Question 2

A proposed structural model involves three constructs, one of which are exogenous. X1 causes Y1, which in turn causes Y2. This model is nonrecursive.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

When two constructs are theoretically unrelated to each other, the path between those two
constructs should be "free."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

A sample size of 1000 is used to test a structural model of advertising effectiveness for the
Coca-Cola company. The results show that a significant relationship exists between advertising effectiveness and sales. The estimated value of the standardized path estimate is .035. The Coca-Cola management dismisses the finding because the relationship is trivial.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following is a difference contrasting EFA with CFA?

Accepted Answer

A) the specification of which variables load on which factors 
B) one technique is exploratory and the other is confirmatory 
C) the size of the loading estimates considered significant 
D) A and B 
E) A, B, and C 
A) the specification of which variables load on which factors 
B) one technique is exploratory and the other is confirmatory 
C) the size of the loading estimates considered significant 
D) A and B 
E) A, B, and C

Question 6

How is an exogenous construct represented in an structural path model?

Accepted Answer

A) It is represented by a box with one-headed arrows going into it. 
B) It is represented by a box with one-headed arrows going into it and two headed arrows. 
C) It is represented by an oval with no arrows. 
D) The construct is represented by an oval with no one-headed arrows going into it. 
E) None of the above 
A) It is represented by a box with one-headed arrows going into it. 
B) It is represented by a box with one-headed arrows going into it and two headed arrows. 
C) It is represented by an oval with no arrows. 
D) The construct is represented by an oval with no one-headed arrows going into it. 
E) None of the above

Question 7

Describe the assessment of discriminant validity in a measurement model.

Accepted Answer

In order to establish discriminant valid

Question 8

RNI is a parsimony fit index.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

SEM models are estimated so as to maximize the likelihood function.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

It is recommended that each construct be measured by using at least three observed variables.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

A 0.04 value for RMSEA is considered conservative.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

SEM can be thought of as a combination of Factor analysis and multiple regression analysis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

In moving from the measurement model to the structural model the exogenous constructs each
become endogenous.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

TFI is a fit measure used in SEM

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The size of the loading estimates considered significant is a difference contrasting EFA with CFA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which of the following steps are involved in conducting SEM?

Accepted Answer

A) Define the individual constructs. 
B) Specify the measurement model. 
C) Assess measurement model reliability and validity. 
D) Specify the structural model if the measurement model is valid. 
E) All of the above. 
A) Define the individual constructs. 
B) Specify the measurement model. 
C) Assess measurement model reliability and validity. 
D) Specify the structural model if the measurement model is valid. 
E) All of the above.

Question 17

PNFI statistic is most useful for comparing nested models.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

NFI is an incremental fit index.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which of the following is true about the relationship of SEM to factor analysis?

Accepted Answer

A) The measurement model in SEM is similar to factor analysis in that both techniques have variables with loadings on factors. 
B) Concepts such as correlations and covariances are common to both the techniques. 
C) SEM, we have to specify which variables are associated with each construct based on theory. 
D) A and C are correct. 
E) A, B and C are correct. 
A) The measurement model in SEM is similar to factor analysis in that both techniques have variables with loadings on factors. 
B) Concepts such as correlations and covariances are common to both the techniques. 
C) SEM, we have to specify which variables are associated with each construct based on theory. 
D) A and C are correct. 
E) A, B and C are correct.

Question 20

________ is established when the measured items are conceptually consistent with a construct definition.

Accepted Answer

A) Nomological validity 
B) Composite reliability 
C) Convergent validity 
D) Discriminant validity 
E) None of the above 
A) Nomological validity 
B) Composite reliability 
C) Convergent validity 
D) Discriminant validity 
E) None of the above

Exam 22: Structural Equation Modeling and Path Analysis

Explain exogenous and endogenous constructs.

A proposed structural model involves three constructs, one of which are exogenous. X1 causes Y1, which in turn causes Y2. This model is nonrecursive.

When two constructs are theoretically unrelated to each other, the path between those two constructs should be "free."

Which of the following is a difference contrasting EFA with CFA?

How is an exogenous construct represented in an structural path model?

Describe the assessment of discriminant validity in a measurement model.

RNI is a parsimony fit index.

SEM models are estimated so as to maximize the likelihood function.

It is recommended that each construct be measured by using at least three observed variables.

A 0.04 value for RMSEA is considered conservative.

SEM can be thought of as a combination of Factor analysis and multiple regression analysis.

In moving from the measurement model to the structural model the exogenous constructs each become endogenous.

TFI is a fit measure used in SEM

The size of the loading estimates considered significant is a difference contrasting EFA with CFA.

Which of the following steps are involved in conducting SEM?

PNFI statistic is most useful for comparing nested models.

NFI is an incremental fit index.

Which of the following is true about the relationship of SEM to factor analysis?

________ is established when the measured items are conceptually consistent with a construct definition.

Introduction to Marketing Research

Defining the Marketing Research Problem and Developing an Approach

Research Design

Exploratory Research Design: Secondary Data

Exploratory Research Design: Qualitative Research

Descriptive Research Design: Survey and Observation

Causal Research Design: Experimentation

Measurement and Scaling: Fundamentals and Comparative Scaling

Measurement and Scaling: Noncomparative Scaling Techniques

Questionnaire and Form Design

Sampling: Design and Procedures

Sampling: Final and Initial Sample Size Determination

Fieldwork

Data Preparation

Frequency Distribution, Cross-Tabulation, and Hypothesis Testing

Analysis of Variance and Covariance

Correlation and Regression

Discriminant and Logit Analysis

Factor Analysis

Cluster Analysis

Multidimensional Scaling and Conjoint Analysis

Report Preparation and Presentation

International Marketing Research

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