Question 1

The chemical agent/s that produce/s highly reactive hydroxyl-free radicals and also decomposes to O2 gas is ______.

Accepted Answer

A) hydrogen peroxide 
B) chlorhexidine 
C) iodophors 
D) cationic detergents 
E) Cidex 
A) hydrogen peroxide 
B) chlorhexidine 
C) iodophors 
D) cationic detergents 
E) Cidex

Question 2

All of the following pertain to hypochlorites except

Accepted Answer

A) they cause denaturation of enzymes. 
B) they release hypochlorous acid in solution. 
C) they are found in common household bleach. 
D) they are used to disinfect dairy, restaurant, and medical equipment. 
E) they are found in iodophors. 
A) they cause denaturation of enzymes. 
B) they release hypochlorous acid in solution. 
C) they are found in common household bleach. 
D) they are used to disinfect dairy, restaurant, and medical equipment. 
E) they are found in iodophors.

Question 3

Which of the following forms of radiation are in order from the most penetrating to the least penetrating?

Accepted Answer

A) Gamma, cathode, X rays 
B) Gamma, X rays, cathode 
C) Cathode, gamma, X ray 
D) X ray, gamma, cathode 
E) Cathode, X ray, gamma 
A) Gamma, cathode, X rays 
B) Gamma, X rays, cathode 
C) Cathode, gamma, X ray 
D) X ray, gamma, cathode 
E) Cathode, X ray, gamma

Question 4

Which of the following is true regarding the use of osmotic pressure as an antimicrobial agent?

Accepted Answer

A) Salts and sugars external to a microbe create a hypotonic environment, which causes lysis of the cell. 
B) Salt is an effective solute to create an osmotic pressure gradient outside of a cell; however, the use of sugar, such as in jams and jellies, works via a different mechanism. 
C) Exposing a microbe to a hypertonic environment draws water out of the cell, causing plasmolysis. 
D) Exposing organisms to the air on a benchtop so they completely dry out is an example of using osmotic pressure as a means of microbial control. 
A) Salts and sugars external to a microbe create a hypotonic environment, which causes lysis of the cell. 
B) Salt is an effective solute to create an osmotic pressure gradient outside of a cell; however, the use of sugar, such as in jams and jellies, works via a different mechanism. 
C) Exposing a microbe to a hypertonic environment draws water out of the cell, causing plasmolysis. 
D) Exposing organisms to the air on a benchtop so they completely dry out is an example of using osmotic pressure as a means of microbial control.

Question 5

All of the following are phenols or phenolics except ______.

Accepted Answer

A) hexachlorophene 
B) Zephiran 
C) cresols 
D) triclosan 
E) Lysol 
A) hexachlorophene 
B) Zephiran 
C) cresols 
D) triclosan 
E) Lysol

Question 6

Which of the following acids is not used to destroy or inhibit microbial cells in food?

Accepted Answer

A) Benzoic acid 
B) Acetic acid 
C) Lactic acid 
D) Phosphoric acid 
E) Propionic acid 
A) Benzoic acid 
B) Acetic acid 
C) Lactic acid 
D) Phosphoric acid 
E) Propionic acid

Question 7

Surgeons preparing for an invasive surgical procedure will scrub their hands thoroughly, and then they use a strong alcohol-based hand sanitizer which renders their hands sterile.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which of the following is a disadvantage of dry heat methods such as using a Bunsen burner to incinerate microbes from an inoculating loop and the use of a hot air oven?

Accepted Answer

A) Bunsen burners and hot air ovens only reach a maximum of 100oC so they are not effective against endospores. 
B) Neither of these methods actually sterilize; they only kill vegetative cells. 
C) Bunsen burners take too long to sterilize and hot air ovens are hazardous for the operators. 
D) Use of an open flame can be dangerous and hot air ovens take much longer to sterilize than autoclaves. 
A) Bunsen burners and hot air ovens only reach a maximum of 100oC so they are not effective against endospores. 
B) Neither of these methods actually sterilize; they only kill vegetative cells. 
C) Bunsen burners take too long to sterilize and hot air ovens are hazardous for the operators. 
D) Use of an open flame can be dangerous and hot air ovens take much longer to sterilize than autoclaves.

Question 9

Hydrogen peroxide is

Accepted Answer

A) sporicidal. 
B) fungicidal. 
C) bactericidal. 
D) virucidal. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) sporicidal. 
B) fungicidal. 
C) bactericidal. 
D) virucidal. 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 10

The sterilizing gas used in chemiclaves is ______.

Accepted Answer

A) chlorine dioxide 
B) iodophor 
C) glutaraldehyde 
D) ethylene oxide 
E) formaldehyde 
A) chlorine dioxide 
B) iodophor 
C) glutaraldehyde 
D) ethylene oxide 
E) formaldehyde

Question 11

Using a HEPA filter in a vacuum or furnace is an example of which microbial control method?

Accepted Answer

A) Surfactant 
B) Gases 
C) Chemical agent 
D)  Dry control 
A) Surfactant 
B) Gases 
C) Chemical agent 
D)  Dry control

Question 12

Which of the following is not true of chloramines?

Accepted Answer

A) They contain chlorine. 
B) They are used to treat wounds and skin surfaces. 
C) They are safer than free chlorine. 
D) They can sanitize and disinfect. 
E) They form trihalomethanes with organic compounds. 
A) They contain chlorine. 
B) They are used to treat wounds and skin surfaces. 
C) They are safer than free chlorine. 
D) They can sanitize and disinfect. 
E) They form trihalomethanes with organic compounds.

Question 13

When considering time and temperature as factors in microbicidal activity,

Accepted Answer

A) they are directly proportional to each other. 
B) they are inversely proportional to each other. 
C) they must be of equal value e.g.30 minutes at 30oC. 
D) time is not a factor, only temperature. 
A) they are directly proportional to each other. 
B) they are inversely proportional to each other. 
C) they must be of equal value e.g.30 minutes at 30oC. 
D) time is not a factor, only temperature.

Question 14

Ozone is a very effective disinfectant.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following methods of microbial control is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A) Pickling eggs - osmotic pressure 
B) Exposure of surgical equipment to ultraviolet light - radiation 
C) Heating a liquid to 71.6oC for 15 seconds - pasteurization 
D) Autoclaving nutrient agar before pouring into Petri plates - sterilization 
A) Pickling eggs - osmotic pressure 
B) Exposure of surgical equipment to ultraviolet light - radiation 
C) Heating a liquid to 71.6oC for 15 seconds - pasteurization 
D) Autoclaving nutrient agar before pouring into Petri plates - sterilization

Question 16

Which of the following items are typically irradiated in order to kill microbes?

Accepted Answer

A) Cured meats 
B) Human tissues such as heart valves and skin 
C) Operating room air 
D) Surgical gloves 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) Cured meats 
B) Human tissues such as heart valves and skin 
C) Operating room air 
D) Surgical gloves 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 17

The difference between thermal death time and thermal death point in microbicidal activity is that

Accepted Answer

A)  thermal death time is the greatest amount of time required to kill an organism at a specific temperature, whereas thermal death temperature is the lowest temperature required to kill an organism in 10 minutes. 
B)   thermal death time is the shortest amount of time required to kill an organism at a specific temperature, whereas thermal death temperature is the lowest temperature required to kill an organism in 30 minutes. 
C)  thermal death time is the shortest amount of time required to kill an organism at a 100oC, whereas thermal death temperature is the lowest temperature required to kill an organism in 10 minutes. 
D)  thermal death time is the shortest amount of time required to kill an organism at a specific temperature, whereas thermal death temperature is the lowest temperature required to kill an organism in 10 minutes. 
A)  thermal death time is the greatest amount of time required to kill an organism at a specific temperature, whereas thermal death temperature is the lowest temperature required to kill an organism in 10 minutes. 
B)   thermal death time is the shortest amount of time required to kill an organism at a specific temperature, whereas thermal death temperature is the lowest temperature required to kill an organism in 30 minutes. 
C)  thermal death time is the shortest amount of time required to kill an organism at a 100oC, whereas thermal death temperature is the lowest temperature required to kill an organism in 10 minutes. 
D)  thermal death time is the shortest amount of time required to kill an organism at a specific temperature, whereas thermal death temperature is the lowest temperature required to kill an organism in 10 minutes.

Question 18

The method of removing vegetative life forms from living surfaces is termed ______.

Accepted Answer

A) antisepsis 
B) disinfection 
C) sterilization 
D) decontamination 
A) antisepsis 
B) disinfection 
C) sterilization 
D) decontamination

Question 19

Which of the following represents microbial control by osmotic pressure?

Accepted Answer

A) Pickling cucumbers and other vegetables for long-term storage 
B) Placing fruit slices on a drying rack 
C) Canning tomatoes after a summer growing season to use throughout the winter 
D) The crew of the Mayflower using salted meats throughout their voyage to the New World 
A) Pickling cucumbers and other vegetables for long-term storage 
B) Placing fruit slices on a drying rack 
C) Canning tomatoes after a summer growing season to use throughout the winter 
D) The crew of the Mayflower using salted meats throughout their voyage to the New World

Question 20

The alcohol wipe used on a patient's skin before an injection is an example of ______.

Accepted Answer

A) antisepsis 
B) disinfection 
C) sterilization 
D) decontamination 
E) sanitization 
A) antisepsis 
B) disinfection 
C) sterilization 
D) decontamination 
E) sanitization

Exam 11: Physical and Chemical Control of Microbes

The chemical agent/s that produce/s highly reactive hydroxyl-free radicals and also decomposes to O2 gas is ______.

All of the following pertain to hypochlorites except

Which of the following forms of radiation are in order from the most penetrating to the least penetrating?

Which of the following is true regarding the use of osmotic pressure as an antimicrobial agent?

All of the following are phenols or phenolics except ______.

Which of the following acids is not used to destroy or inhibit microbial cells in food?

Surgeons preparing for an invasive surgical procedure will scrub their hands thoroughly, and then they use a strong alcohol-based hand sanitizer which renders their hands sterile.

Which of the following is a disadvantage of dry heat methods such as using a Bunsen burner to incinerate microbes from an inoculating loop and the use of a hot air oven?

Hydrogen peroxide is

The sterilizing gas used in chemiclaves is ______.

Using a HEPA filter in a vacuum or furnace is an example of which microbial control method?

Which of the following is not true of chloramines?

When considering time and temperature as factors in microbicidal activity,

Ozone is a very effective disinfectant.

Which of the following methods of microbial control is mismatched?

Which of the following items are typically irradiated in order to kill microbes?

The difference between thermal death time and thermal death point in microbicidal activity is that

The method of removing vegetative life forms from living surfaces is termed ______.

Which of the following represents microbial control by osmotic pressure?

The alcohol wipe used on a patient's skin before an injection is an example of ______.

The Main Themes of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Biology

Tools of the Laboratory: Methods for the Culturing of Microscopic Analysis of Microorganisms

Bacteria and Archaea

Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

An Introduction to the Viruses

Microbial Nutrition, Ecology, and Growth

Microbial Metabolism: The Chemical Crossroads of Life

Microbial Genetics

Genetic Engineering and Recombinant Dna

Antimicrobial Treatment

Microbe-Human Interactions: Health and Disease

Host Defenses I: Overview and Nonspecific Defenses

Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and Immunization

Disorders in Immunity

Diagnosing Infections

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Skin and Eyes

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Nervous System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Respiratory System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Gastrointestinal Tract

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Genitourinary System

Microbes and the Environment

Applied Microbiology and Food and Water Safety

Filters

The chemical agent/s that produce/s highly reactive hydroxyl-free radicals and also decomposes to O₂ gas is ______.