Question 1

For most recall tests,the transfer of items into long-term storage is best facilitated by ________ rehearsal.

Accepted Answer

A) maintenance 
B) elaborative 
C) recency 
D) primacy 
A) maintenance 
B) elaborative 
C) recency 
D) primacy B

Question 2

Researchers have used fMRI to evaluate the neural areas that are correlated with successful memory functioning.They measured brain activity during encoding,gave participants a memory test,and then

Accepted Answer

A) erased their memories. 
B) measured neural activity for items that were elaborated. 
C) compared active neural areas across men and women. 
D) measured neural activity during retrieval. 
A) erased their memories. 
B) measured neural activity for items that were elaborated. 
C) compared active neural areas across men and women. 
D) measured neural activity during retrieval. D

Question 3

The intention to learn new material

Accepted Answer

A) requires participants to focus on the meaning of the material to be learned. 
B) requires participants to repeat the material over and over again. 
C) leads participants to employ maintenance rehearsal. 
D) leads participants to approach the material in the fashion they think best for memorization. 
A) requires participants to focus on the meaning of the material to be learned. 
B) requires participants to repeat the material over and over again. 
C) leads participants to employ maintenance rehearsal. 
D) leads participants to approach the material in the fashion they think best for memorization. D

Question 4

Operation-span measures of working-memory capacity measure the

Accepted Answer

A) number of letters that working memory can store. 
B) number of sentences that working memory can store. 
C) rate of transfer of information from working memory into long-term memory. 
D) efficiency with which working memory operates when it is working. 
A) number of letters that working memory can store. 
B) number of sentences that working memory can store. 
C) rate of transfer of information from working memory into long-term memory. 
D) efficiency with which working memory operates when it is working.

Question 5

Which of the following is the best analogy for long-term memory storage?

Accepted Answer

A) a workbench 
B) a zone of intense activity 
C) a large library 
D) a loading dock outside a warehouse 
A) a workbench 
B) a zone of intense activity 
C) a large library 
D) a loading dock outside a warehouse

Question 6

An experimenter reads a list of 30 words to a group of participants at the rate of 1 word per second.This is immediately followed by a free-recall test.A second group of participants hears the same 30 words presented at the faster rate of 2 words per second.We should expect that the group hearing the slower presentation will show improved memory performance for the

Accepted Answer

A) pre-recency portion of the list,but there will be no impact on the recency effect. 
B) words at the end of the list and diminished performance for the pre-recency portion of the list. 
C) entire list. 
D) words at the list's end,but there will be no improvement for the words earlier in the list. 
A) pre-recency portion of the list,but there will be no impact on the recency effect. 
B) words at the end of the list and diminished performance for the pre-recency portion of the list. 
C) entire list. 
D) words at the list's end,but there will be no improvement for the words earlier in the list.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT considered a modern change to the modal model of memory?

Accepted Answer

A) Sensory memory receives less emphasis than in the modal model. 
B) The term "working memory" is preferred over the older term,"short-term memory." 
C) Working memory refers to a process more than a storage system. 
D) Working memory and long-term memory are considered the same construct. 
A) Sensory memory receives less emphasis than in the modal model. 
B) The term "working memory" is preferred over the older term,"short-term memory." 
C) Working memory refers to a process more than a storage system. 
D) Working memory and long-term memory are considered the same construct.

Question 8

Which of these is LEAST important for encoding and acquisition?

Accepted Answer

A) memory connections 
B) shallow processing 
C) organization 
D) understanding 
A) memory connections 
B) shallow processing 
C) organization 
D) understanding

Question 9

Current theory suggests that the central executive may be

Accepted Answer

A) used to temporarily store information so that the information can then be processed at a later time by the rehearsal loop. 
B) the set of processes that govern the selection and timing of other mental steps. 
C) another lower-level assistant in the working-memory system. 
D) a kind of guidebook for how to "run a program" in the brain. 
A) used to temporarily store information so that the information can then be processed at a later time by the rehearsal loop. 
B) the set of processes that govern the selection and timing of other mental steps. 
C) another lower-level assistant in the working-memory system. 
D) a kind of guidebook for how to "run a program" in the brain.

Question 10

Compare and contrast maintenance and elaborative rehearsal by considering their effects on the creation of memory connections.

Accepted Answer

Maintenance rehearsal and elaborative re

Question 11

According to the data presented in the textbook,how does the intention to memorize influence how well we learn?

Accepted Answer

A) It influences learning only with shallow processing. 
B) It influences learning only with deep processing. 
C) The intention to memorize on its own adds nothing to our ability to learn. 
D) It improves our ability to learn,regardless of the depth of processing. 
A) It influences learning only with shallow processing. 
B) It influences learning only with deep processing. 
C) The intention to memorize on its own adds nothing to our ability to learn. 
D) It improves our ability to learn,regardless of the depth of processing.

Question 12

One difference between working memory and long-term memory is that

Accepted Answer

A) the contents of working memory tend to be in the form of visual images,whereas the contents of long-term memory are often verbal and symbolic. 
B) damage to the brain can disrupt working memory,but long-term memory seems not to be similarly vulnerable. 
C) long-term memory has a limited capacity,whereas working memory does not. 
D) the contents of working memory depend on the content of one's current thinking,but the contents of long-term memory do not. 
A) the contents of working memory tend to be in the form of visual images,whereas the contents of long-term memory are often verbal and symbolic. 
B) damage to the brain can disrupt working memory,but long-term memory seems not to be similarly vulnerable. 
C) long-term memory has a limited capacity,whereas working memory does not. 
D) the contents of working memory depend on the content of one's current thinking,but the contents of long-term memory do not.

Question 13

What is the most useful approach to chunking the digit sequence 17761492911?

Accepted Answer

A) 177 614 929 11 
B) 1776 14929 11 
C) 1776 1492 911 
D) 17 76 14 92 911 
A) 177 614 929 11 
B) 1776 14929 11 
C) 1776 1492 911 
D) 17 76 14 92 911

Question 14

In general,any technique designed to improve memory is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) a mnemonic strategy. 
B) the method of loci. 
C) the method of repetition. 
D) memory rehearsal. 
A) a mnemonic strategy. 
B) the method of loci. 
C) the method of repetition. 
D) memory rehearsal.

Question 15

According to the modal model of memory,words presented early in a list are easier to remember than words presented later because

Accepted Answer

A) they are still residing in working memory at the time of the test. 
B) participants are particularly alert at the beginning of the list presentation. 
C) the early words receive more of the participants' attention than the later words. 
D) the early words suffer from less interference than the later words. 
A) they are still residing in working memory at the time of the test. 
B) participants are particularly alert at the beginning of the list presentation. 
C) the early words receive more of the participants' attention than the later words. 
D) the early words suffer from less interference than the later words.

Question 16

Which of the following approaches is LEAST likely to facilitate retention of academic material?

Accepted Answer

A) reflecting on a lecture's main points an hour or so after the lecture 
B) rereading lecture notes the day before an exam 
C) considering the relationship between a lecture's content and previously understood material 
D) describing your understanding of novel concepts to a classmate 
A) reflecting on a lecture's main points an hour or so after the lecture 
B) rereading lecture notes the day before an exam 
C) considering the relationship between a lecture's content and previously understood material 
D) describing your understanding of novel concepts to a classmate

Question 17

The helper within the working-memory system that stores visual materials is called the

Accepted Answer

A) visuospatial buffer. 
B) rehearsal loop. 
C) visuocentral executive. 
D) iconic storage. 
A) visuospatial buffer. 
B) rehearsal loop. 
C) visuocentral executive. 
D) iconic storage.

Question 18

Are flashcards an effective way to memorize information? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

Flashcards can be an effective way to me

Question 19

Imagine you are shown the word "dog" and asked one of the following questions about that word.Which of these questions is going to lead to the best memory performance?

Accepted Answer

A) Does it fit into the sentence,"The ________ enjoyed his dinner"? 
B) Does it contain an "A"? 
C) Does it fit into the following sentence: "The speeding car swung around the corner,music blaring,and screeched to a halt before seeing the ________"? 
D) Does it rhyme with "log"? 
A) Does it fit into the sentence,"The ________ enjoyed his dinner"? 
B) Does it contain an "A"? 
C) Does it fit into the following sentence: "The speeding car swung around the corner,music blaring,and screeched to a halt before seeing the ________"? 
D) Does it rhyme with "log"?

Question 20

A student wishes to memorize an essay so that he will be able to recall the content later.Which of the following is likely to be LEAST helpful to him?

Accepted Answer

A) making certain that he understands the argument contained within the essay 
B) thinking about why the essay is organized in the way that it is 
C) repeatedly reading the essay aloud 
D) trying to construct a paraphrase of the essay's content 
A) making certain that he understands the argument contained within the essay 
B) thinking about why the essay is organized in the way that it is 
C) repeatedly reading the essay aloud 
D) trying to construct a paraphrase of the essay's content

For most recall tests,the transfer of items into long-term storage is best facilitated by ________ rehearsal.

Researchers have used fMRI to evaluate the neural areas that are correlated with successful memory functioning.They measured brain activity during encoding,gave participants a memory test,and then

The intention to learn new material

Operation-span measures of working-memory capacity measure the

Which of the following is the best analogy for long-term memory storage?

Which of the following is NOT considered a modern change to the modal model of memory?

Which of these is LEAST important for encoding and acquisition?

Current theory suggests that the central executive may be

Compare and contrast maintenance and elaborative rehearsal by considering their effects on the creation of memory connections.

According to the data presented in the textbook,how does the intention to memorize influence how well we learn?

One difference between working memory and long-term memory is that

What is the most useful approach to chunking the digit sequence 17761492911?

In general,any technique designed to improve memory is referred to as

According to the modal model of memory,words presented early in a list are easier to remember than words presented later because

Which of the following approaches is LEAST likely to facilitate retention of academic material?

The helper within the working-memory system that stores visual materials is called the

Are flashcards an effective way to memorize information? Why or why not?

Imagine you are shown the word "dog" and asked one of the following questions about that word.Which of these questions is going to lead to the best memory performance?

A student wishes to memorize an essay so that he will be able to recall the content later.Which of the following is likely to be LEAST helpful to him?

The Science of the Mind

The Neural Basis for Cognition

Visual Perception

Recognizing Objects

Paying Attention

Interconnections Between Acquisi-Tion and Retrieval

Remembering Complex Events

Concepts and Generic Knowledge

Languag

Visual Knowledg

Judgment and Reasoning

Problem Solving and Intelligence

Conscious Thought,Unconscious Thought

Filters

Exam 6: The Acquisition of Memories and the Work-Ing-Memory System

For most recall tests,the transfer of items into long-term storage is best facilitated by ________ rehearsal.

Researchers have used fMRI to evaluate the neural areas that are correlated with successful memory functioning.They measured brain activity during encoding,gave participants a memory test,and then

The intention to learn new material

Operation-span measures of working-memory capacity measure the

Which of the following is the best analogy for long-term memory storage?

Which of the following is NOT considered a modern change to the modal model of memory?

Which of these is LEAST important for encoding and acquisition?

Current theory suggests that the central executive may be

Compare and contrast maintenance and elaborative rehearsal by considering their effects on the creation of memory connections.

According to the data presented in the textbook,how does the intention to memorize influence how well we learn?

One difference between working memory and long-term memory is that

What is the most useful approach to chunking the digit sequence 17761492911?

In general,any technique designed to improve memory is referred to as

According to the modal model of memory,words presented early in a list are easier to remember than words presented later because

Which of the following approaches is LEAST likely to facilitate retention of academic material?

The helper within the working-memory system that stores visual materials is called the

Are flashcards an effective way to memorize information? Why or why not?

Imagine you are shown the word "dog" and asked one of the following questions about that word.Which of these questions is going to lead to the best memory performance?

A student wishes to memorize an essay so that he will be able to recall the content later.Which of the following is likely to be LEAST helpful to him?

The Science of the Mind

The Neural Basis for Cognition

Visual Perception

Recognizing Objects

Paying Attention

Interconnections Between Acquisi-Tion and Retrieval

Remembering Complex Events

Concepts and Generic Knowledge

Languag

Visual Knowledg

Judgment and Reasoning

Problem Solving and Intelligence

Conscious Thought,Unconscious Thought

Filters