Question 1

David suffers from unilateral neglect.Describe the visual and mental imagery abnormalities that he likely experiences.

Accepted Answer

Unilateral neglect is a condition in whi

Question 2

Which of the following findings is most consistent with the propositional theory of knowledge?

Accepted Answer

A) When asked whether San Diego or Reno is farther west,participants respond remarkably accurately,as they can easily conjure a visual representation of a map of the United States for reference. 
B) When asked whether a mouse has whiskers,participants are slower to respond if they are first asked to imagine a mouse standing next to an elephant. 
C) When asked to draw a picture from memory,participants tend to show more of the background than was actually present in the original image. 
D) When asked to draw an ambiguous image from memory,the ambiguity will disappear and will look more like whatever semantic label was given to the image during the original presentation. 
A) When asked whether San Diego or Reno is farther west,participants respond remarkably accurately,as they can easily conjure a visual representation of a map of the United States for reference. 
B) When asked whether a mouse has whiskers,participants are slower to respond if they are first asked to imagine a mouse standing next to an elephant. 
C) When asked to draw a picture from memory,participants tend to show more of the background than was actually present in the original image. 
D) When asked to draw an ambiguous image from memory,the ambiguity will disappear and will look more like whatever semantic label was given to the image during the original presentation.

Question 3

In a memory experiment,participants were shown a form that could be interpreted in more than one way.Half the participants were told,"Here is a picture of the sun." The other participants were told,"Here is a picture of a ship's steering wheel." Some time later,participants were asked to draw the exact visual form they had seen earlier.The data indicate that

Accepted Answer

A) participants' visual memories were distinct from their verbal memories,so participants were uninfluenced by the labels. 
B) participants' drawings were biased in a fashion that reflected the labels they had been given earlier. 
C) the labels had called attention to the ambiguity of the figures,leading to improved memory accuracy. 
D) participants were able to remember only the labels,not the drawings. 
A) participants' visual memories were distinct from their verbal memories,so participants were uninfluenced by the labels. 
B) participants' drawings were biased in a fashion that reflected the labels they had been given earlier. 
C) the labels had called attention to the ambiguity of the figures,leading to improved memory accuracy. 
D) participants were able to remember only the labels,not the drawings.

Question 4

Chronometric studies

Accepted Answer

A) are time-measuring techniques used to record how long it takes to complete a mental process. 
B) have been relatively uninformative for the study of complex mental events. 
C) have documented the descriptive (languagelike)properties of mental imagery. 
D) require an understanding of the brain events underlying a particular mental function. 
A) are time-measuring techniques used to record how long it takes to complete a mental process. 
B) have been relatively uninformative for the study of complex mental events. 
C) have documented the descriptive (languagelike)properties of mental imagery. 
D) require an understanding of the brain events underlying a particular mental function.

Question 5

When asked to determine which city is farther south,Seattle or Montreal,people are likely to mistakenly say "Seattle." This is probably because

Accepted Answer

A) people depend on their "gut feelings" when they don't know an answer. 
B) some spatial information is stored in memory in a propositional form rather than an image form. 
C) people are great at reading visual images and can discover surprising facts in them. 
D) people are poor at reading visual images,and so images are no help in this type of problem. 
A) people depend on their "gut feelings" when they don't know an answer. 
B) some spatial information is stored in memory in a propositional form rather than an image form. 
C) people are great at reading visual images and can discover surprising facts in them. 
D) people are poor at reading visual images,and so images are no help in this type of problem.

Question 6

Studies of image scanning indicate that

Accepted Answer

A) participants' scanning rate is slow for short distances but is faster for greater distances. 
B) there is a linear function linking scanning distances and scanning times. 
C) the fastest scanning times tend to be obtained with moderate scanning distances. 
D) participants are able to scan across their images virtually instantaneously. 
A) participants' scanning rate is slow for short distances but is faster for greater distances. 
B) there is a linear function linking scanning distances and scanning times. 
C) the fastest scanning times tend to be obtained with moderate scanning distances. 
D) participants are able to scan across their images virtually instantaneously.

Question 7

Words that easily evoke imagery,like "ball," are ________ relative to words like "hope."

Accepted Answer

A) more easily remembered 
B) less easily remembered 
C) remembered equally as well 
D) unlikely to be remembered 
A) more easily remembered 
B) less easily remembered 
C) remembered equally as well 
D) unlikely to be remembered

Question 8

________ imagery is associated with how things look,while ________ imagery is associated with an abstract form or arrangement.

Accepted Answer

A) Spatial;visual 
B) Visual;spatial 
C) Spatial;eidetic 
D) Sensory;perceptual 
A) Spatial;visual 
B) Visual;spatial 
C) Spatial;eidetic 
D) Sensory;perceptual

Question 9

When participants are asked to report on their imagery experience,we discover that

Accepted Answer

A) imagery is employed less often than researchers have proposed. 
B) many individuals prefer not to use mental imagery. 
C) participants differ widely in how they describe the experience. 
D) visual imagery is a skill shared by all people. 
A) imagery is employed less often than researchers have proposed. 
B) many individuals prefer not to use mental imagery. 
C) participants differ widely in how they describe the experience. 
D) visual imagery is a skill shared by all people.

Question 10

Gertrude is shown a picture of a backyard and later asked to replicate the image by drawing it.When compared to the original,her drawing has a "zoomed-out" perspective,and it includes more of the background than the original image actually did.This tendency is called

Accepted Answer

A) wide-angle memory. 
B) larger context. 
C) eidetic imagery. 
D) boundary extension. 
A) wide-angle memory. 
B) larger context. 
C) eidetic imagery. 
D) boundary extension.

Question 11

The technique of transcranial magnetic stimulation employs strong magnetic pulses at a particular site on the scalp.When this technique is applied to the scalp near Area V1,the effect is

Accepted Answer

A) to give the participant rich and detailed hallucinations. 
B) a temporary disruption of vision but not visual imagery. 
C) a permanent disruption of visual imagery,and therefore use of the technique is unethical. 
D) a temporary disruption of vision and visual imagery. 
A) to give the participant rich and detailed hallucinations. 
B) a temporary disruption of vision but not visual imagery. 
C) a permanent disruption of visual imagery,and therefore use of the technique is unethical. 
D) a temporary disruption of vision and visual imagery.

Question 12

Which of the following statements best describes what is known about spatial imagery in blind individuals?

Accepted Answer

A) Individuals who have been blind since birth do not have spatial imagery because they have never developed an understanding of what items looks like. 
B) Individuals who become blind later in life have intact spatial imagery because they were previously able to map out a visual layout of space even though they can no longer do so. 
C) Individuals who have been blind since birth have intact spatial memory,represented by series of imagined movements or some broader cognitive ability about spatial arrangements. 
D) Individuals who become blind later in life have intact spatial imagery because they can remember what it was like to see and can still visually map a layout of space. 
A) Individuals who have been blind since birth do not have spatial imagery because they have never developed an understanding of what items looks like. 
B) Individuals who become blind later in life have intact spatial imagery because they were previously able to map out a visual layout of space even though they can no longer do so. 
C) Individuals who have been blind since birth have intact spatial memory,represented by series of imagined movements or some broader cognitive ability about spatial arrangements. 
D) Individuals who become blind later in life have intact spatial imagery because they can remember what it was like to see and can still visually map a layout of space.

Question 13

Boundary extension suggests that,if given a picture of a classroom with a chalkboard,desks,and students,people are likely to

Accepted Answer

A) remember it as less of a close-up than it actually was,adding bookshelves or other objects that routinely appear in classrooms. 
B) include objects that were not part of the original scene,such as a teacher. 
C) remember the salient objects,such as desks,but neglect the background,such as the chalkboard. 
D) remember it with great accuracy. 
A) remember it as less of a close-up than it actually was,adding bookshelves or other objects that routinely appear in classrooms. 
B) include objects that were not part of the original scene,such as a teacher. 
C) remember the salient objects,such as desks,but neglect the background,such as the chalkboard. 
D) remember it with great accuracy.

Question 14

In some studies,participants have been asked to visualize a particular stimulus (e.g. ,the letter A).If the same stimulus is then presented at low contrast,the prior visualization

Accepted Answer

A) has no effect on the perception of the stimulus. 
B) primes perception,but no more than when participants were asked to visualize a different letter (e.g. ,the letter 
B) . 
C) disrupts perception of the stimulus. 
D) serves to prime perception of the stimulus. 
A) has no effect on the perception of the stimulus. 
B) primes perception,but no more than when participants were asked to visualize a different letter (e.g. ,the letter 
B) . 
C) disrupts perception of the stimulus. 
D) serves to prime perception of the stimulus.

Question 15

Which of following statements is FALSE about memory for pictures?

Accepted Answer

A) Picture memory benefits from rehearsal. 
B) Picture memory is affected by schematic knowledge. 
C) Picture memory can be affected by intrusion errors. 
D) Picture memory does not show the primacy or recency effect. 
A) Picture memory benefits from rehearsal. 
B) Picture memory is affected by schematic knowledge. 
C) Picture memory can be affected by intrusion errors. 
D) Picture memory does not show the primacy or recency effect.

Question 16

Evidence indicates that

Accepted Answer

A) discoveries flow easily from mental imagery provided that the discoveries are compatible with both the image's depiction and its reference frame. 
B) mental imagery rarely serves as a source for creative discovery. 
C) participants consistently find new and unexpected forms in their own mental images. 
D) participants have an easier time making discoveries from their own mental images if the discoveries require a shift in the image's reference frame. 
A) discoveries flow easily from mental imagery provided that the discoveries are compatible with both the image's depiction and its reference frame. 
B) mental imagery rarely serves as a source for creative discovery. 
C) participants consistently find new and unexpected forms in their own mental images. 
D) participants have an easier time making discoveries from their own mental images if the discoveries require a shift in the image's reference frame.

Question 17

Studies of mental rotation indicate that

Accepted Answer

A) participants are able to imagine the rotation of a two-dimensional display but are unable to imagine rotation in depth. 
B) the greater the degree of rotation required,the more time is needed to imagine the rotation. 
C) participants seem able to compare objects in mental imagery without bothering to imagine these objects rotated into alignment. 
D) imagined rotation in depth is appreciably faster than imagined rotation in two dimensions. 
A) participants are able to imagine the rotation of a two-dimensional display but are unable to imagine rotation in depth. 
B) the greater the degree of rotation required,the more time is needed to imagine the rotation. 
C) participants seem able to compare objects in mental imagery without bothering to imagine these objects rotated into alignment. 
D) imagined rotation in depth is appreciably faster than imagined rotation in two dimensions.

Question 18

A researcher asks a participant to memorize a city map.On the map,the library and the school are 2 inches apart;the school and the hospital are 4 inches apart.The researcher now instructs the participant to form an image of the map and to scan from the library to the school.The researcher then asks the participant to scan from the school to the hospital.It is most likely true that the scanning time from the school to the hospital is ________ the scanning time between the library and the school.

Accepted Answer

A) half 
B) triple 
C) the same as 
D) double 
A) half 
B) triple 
C) the same as 
D) double

Question 19

Compare and contrast imagery and perception.In what ways are they similar? How do they differ?

Accepted Answer

Imagery and perception are both related

Question 20

One group of participants (Group 1)is instructed to imagine a cat,and the participants are then asked several yes/no questions about their image.A second group of participants (Group 2)is instructed simply to think about cats,with no mention of imagery,and the participants are then asked the same yes/no questions.We expect that participants in Group 1 will respond more quickly than participants in Group 2 to which of the following questions?

Accepted Answer

A) Does the cat have a head? 
B) Does the cat have whiskers? 
C) Is the cat a mammal? 
D) Does the cat have claws? 
A) Does the cat have a head? 
B) Does the cat have whiskers? 
C) Is the cat a mammal? 
D) Does the cat have claws?

David suffers from unilateral neglect.Describe the visual and mental imagery abnormalities that he likely experiences.

Which of the following findings is most consistent with the propositional theory of knowledge?

Chronometric studies

When asked to determine which city is farther south,Seattle or Montreal,people are likely to mistakenly say "Seattle." This is probably because

Studies of image scanning indicate that

Words that easily evoke imagery,like "ball," are ________ relative to words like "hope."

imagery is associated with how things look,while imagery is associated with an abstract form or arrangement.

When participants are asked to report on their imagery experience,we discover that

Gertrude is shown a picture of a backyard and later asked to replicate the image by drawing it.When compared to the original,her drawing has a "zoomed-out" perspective,and it includes more of the background than the original image actually did.This tendency is called

The technique of transcranial magnetic stimulation employs strong magnetic pulses at a particular site on the scalp.When this technique is applied to the scalp near Area V1,the effect is

Which of the following statements best describes what is known about spatial imagery in blind individuals?

Boundary extension suggests that,if given a picture of a classroom with a chalkboard,desks,and students,people are likely to

In some studies,participants have been asked to visualize a particular stimulus (e.g. ,the letter A).If the same stimulus is then presented at low contrast,the prior visualization

Which of following statements is FALSE about memory for pictures?

Evidence indicates that

Studies of mental rotation indicate that

Compare and contrast imagery and perception.In what ways are they similar? How do they differ?

The Science of the Mind

The Neural Basis for Cognition

Visual Perception

Recognizing Objects

Paying Attention

The Acquisition of Memories and the Work-Ing-Memory System

Interconnections Between Acquisi-Tion and Retrieval

Remembering Complex Events

Concepts and Generic Knowledge

Languag

Judgment and Reasoning

Problem Solving and Intelligence

Conscious Thought,Unconscious Thought

Filters

Exam 11: Visual Knowledg

David suffers from unilateral neglect.Describe the visual and mental imagery abnormalities that he likely experiences.

Which of the following findings is most consistent with the propositional theory of knowledge?

Chronometric studies

When asked to determine which city is farther south,Seattle or Montreal,people are likely to mistakenly say "Seattle." This is probably because

Studies of image scanning indicate that

Words that easily evoke imagery,like "ball," are ________ relative to words like "hope."

________ imagery is associated with how things look,while ________ imagery is associated with an abstract form or arrangement.

When participants are asked to report on their imagery experience,we discover that

Gertrude is shown a picture of a backyard and later asked to replicate the image by drawing it.When compared to the original,her drawing has a "zoomed-out" perspective,and it includes more of the background than the original image actually did.This tendency is called

The technique of transcranial magnetic stimulation employs strong magnetic pulses at a particular site on the scalp.When this technique is applied to the scalp near Area V1,the effect is

Which of the following statements best describes what is known about spatial imagery in blind individuals?

Boundary extension suggests that,if given a picture of a classroom with a chalkboard,desks,and students,people are likely to

In some studies,participants have been asked to visualize a particular stimulus (e.g. ,the letter A).If the same stimulus is then presented at low contrast,the prior visualization

Which of following statements is FALSE about memory for pictures?

Evidence indicates that

Studies of mental rotation indicate that

Compare and contrast imagery and perception.In what ways are they similar? How do they differ?

The Science of the Mind

The Neural Basis for Cognition

Visual Perception

Recognizing Objects

Paying Attention

The Acquisition of Memories and the Work-Ing-Memory System

Interconnections Between Acquisi-Tion and Retrieval

Remembering Complex Events

Concepts and Generic Knowledge

Languag

Judgment and Reasoning

Problem Solving and Intelligence

Conscious Thought,Unconscious Thought

Filters

imagery is associated with how things look,while imagery is associated with an abstract form or arrangement.