Question 1

How does the body compensate first when there is a rise in intracranial pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Displaces the cerebrospinal fluid 
B)  Displaces arterial blood 
C)  Displaces venous blood 
D)  Displaces cerebral cells 
A)  Displaces the cerebrospinal fluid 
B)  Displaces arterial blood 
C)  Displaces venous blood 
D)  Displaces cerebral cells

Question 2

Most dysphasias are associated with cerebrovascular accidents involving which artery?

Accepted Answer

A)  Anterior communicating artery 
B)  Posterior communicating artery 
C)  Circle of Willis 
D)  Middle cerebral artery 
A)  Anterior communicating artery 
B)  Posterior communicating artery 
C)  Circle of Willis 
D)  Middle cerebral artery

Question 3

What are the areas of the brain that mediate several cognitive functions,including vigilance,reasoning,and executive functions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Limbic 
B)  Prefrontal 
C)  Parietal 
D)  Occipital 
A)  Limbic 
B)  Prefrontal 
C)  Parietal 
D)  Occipital

Question 4

Why is status epilepticus considered a medical emergency?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because the person loses consciousness 
B)  Because of the cerebral hypoxia 
C)  Because of head injury during the seizures 
D)  Because brain metabolism is decreased 
A)  Because the person loses consciousness 
B)  Because of the cerebral hypoxia 
C)  Because of head injury during the seizures 
D)  Because brain metabolism is decreased

Question 5

MATCHING
Match the terms with the corresponding descriptions.
-Expressive dysphasia

Accepted Answer

A) Paroxysmal dyskinesia 
B) Flaccidity 
C) Wernicke disease 
D) Spasticity 
E) Akinesia
F)Broca area 
A) Paroxysmal dyskinesia 
B) Flaccidity 
C) Wernicke disease 
D) Spasticity 
E) Akinesia
F)Broca area

Question 6

Which is a description of Cheyne-Stokes respirations?

Accepted Answer

A)  A sustained deep rapid,but regular pattern of breathing 
B)  A smooth increase in rate and depth followed by a gradual smooth decrease in rate and depth 
C)  A prolonged inspiratory period followed gradually by a short expiratory period 
D)  A completely irregular breathing pattern with random shallow and deep breaths and irregular pauses 
A)  A sustained deep rapid,but regular pattern of breathing 
B)  A smooth increase in rate and depth followed by a gradual smooth decrease in rate and depth 
C)  A prolonged inspiratory period followed gradually by a short expiratory period 
D)  A completely irregular breathing pattern with random shallow and deep breaths and irregular pauses

Question 7

How does subarachnoid hemorrhage cause communicating hydrocephalus?

Accepted Answer

A)  By obstructing the cerebrospinal fluid flow between the ventricles 
B)  By increasing the cerebrospinal fluid secretion into the subarachnoid space 
C)  By impairing blood flow to the arachnoid villi 
D)  By obstructing the absorption of cerebrospinal fluid by the arachnoid villi 
A)  By obstructing the cerebrospinal fluid flow between the ventricles 
B)  By increasing the cerebrospinal fluid secretion into the subarachnoid space 
C)  By impairing blood flow to the arachnoid villi 
D)  By obstructing the absorption of cerebrospinal fluid by the arachnoid villi

Question 8

In amyotrophies,the paresis and paralysis are segmental.Why is the segmental character of weakness difficult to recognize?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because upper motor neurons are involved 
B)  Because posterior horn cell injury is involved 
C)  Because each muscle is supplied by two or more nerve roots 
D)  Because the patient is unable to feel the involved muscles 
A)  Because upper motor neurons are involved 
B)  Because posterior horn cell injury is involved 
C)  Because each muscle is supplied by two or more nerve roots 
D)  Because the patient is unable to feel the involved muscles

Question 9

Which is an example of a disease process producing diffuse cortical dysfunction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cerebrovascular accident (CV
A)  
B)  Encephalitis 
C)  Cerebral neoplasm 
D)  Cerebral emboli 
A)  Cerebrovascular accident (CV
A)  
B)  Encephalitis 
C)  Cerebral neoplasm 
D)  Cerebral emboli

Question 10

Which dyskinesia involves involuntary movements of the face,trunk,and extremities?

Accepted Answer

A)  Paroxysmal 
B)  Tardive 
C)  Hyper- 
D)  Cardive 
A)  Paroxysmal 
B)  Tardive 
C)  Hyper- 
D)  Cardive

Question 11

In posthyperventilation apnea (PHVA),respirations stop after hyperventilation followed by the return of rhythmic breathing.What stimulus causes the hyperventilation?

Accepted Answer

A)  High arterial carbon dioxide 
B)  Low arterial carbon dioxide 
C)  Normal arterial carbon dioxide 
D)  High arterial oxygen 
E)  Low arterial oxygen 
A)  High arterial carbon dioxide 
B)  Low arterial carbon dioxide 
C)  Normal arterial carbon dioxide 
D)  High arterial oxygen 
E)  Low arterial oxygen

Exam 16: Concepts of Neurologic Dysfunction

How does the body compensate first when there is a rise in intracranial pressure?

Most dysphasias are associated with cerebrovascular accidents involving which artery?

What are the areas of the brain that mediate several cognitive functions,including vigilance,reasoning,and executive functions?

Why is status epilepticus considered a medical emergency?

MATCHING Match the terms with the corresponding descriptions. -Expressive dysphasia

Which is a description of Cheyne-Stokes respirations?

How does subarachnoid hemorrhage cause communicating hydrocephalus?

In amyotrophies,the paresis and paralysis are segmental.Why is the segmental character of weakness difficult to recognize?

Which is an example of a disease process producing diffuse cortical dysfunction?

Which dyskinesia involves involuntary movements of the face,trunk,and extremities?

In posthyperventilation apnea (PHVA),respirations stop after hyperventilation followed by the return of rhythmic breathing.What stimulus causes the hyperventilation?

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

The Cellular Environment

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases

Innate Immunity Including Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation Including Hypersensitivies

Infection Including Hivaids

Stress and Disease

Biology of Cancer

Tumor Invasion and Metastasis

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Disorders of Neurologic Function

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Reproductive Systems

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations in Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

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