Question 1

What is the role of the normal intestinal bacterial flora?

Accepted Answer

A)  They metabolize bile salts,estrogens,and lipids. 
B)  They breakdown proteins into amino acids. 
C)  They facilitate the motility of the colon. 
D)  They metabolize aldosterone and insulin. 
A)  They metabolize bile salts,estrogens,and lipids. 
B)  They breakdown proteins into amino acids. 
C)  They facilitate the motility of the colon. 
D)  They metabolize aldosterone and insulin.

Question 2

Food enters the stomach via the _____ orifice.

Accepted Answer

A)  cardiac 
B)  esophageal 
C)  gastric 
D)  fundal 
A)  cardiac 
B)  esophageal 
C)  gastric 
D)  fundal

Question 3

Which stimulus inhibits gastric motility by raising the threshold potential of muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

A)  Estrogen 
B)  Secretin 
C)  Somatostatin 
D)  Vagus nerve stimulation 
A)  Estrogen 
B)  Secretin 
C)  Somatostatin 
D)  Vagus nerve stimulation

Question 4

Solids and fats in the stomach increase peristalsis and the rate of gastric emptying.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which gastric hormone inhibits acid and pepsinogen secretion and release of gastrin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bombesin 
B)  Histamine 
C)  Somatostatin 
D)  Acetylcholine 
A)  Bombesin 
B)  Histamine 
C)  Somatostatin 
D)  Acetylcholine

Question 6

Which vitamin facilitates the absorption of iron by the epithelial cells of the duodenum and jejunum?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vitamin B6 
B)  Vitamin C 
C)  Vitamin E 
D)  Vitamin B12 
A)  Vitamin B6 
B)  Vitamin C 
C)  Vitamin E 
D)  Vitamin B12

Question 7

What is a primary source of iron?

Accepted Answer

A)  Transferrin from plasma 
B)  Pepsin form pepsinogen 
C)  Bile from bilirubin 
D)  Heme from hemoglobin 
A)  Transferrin from plasma 
B)  Pepsin form pepsinogen 
C)  Bile from bilirubin 
D)  Heme from hemoglobin

Question 8

Which statement is false about gallbladder function?

Accepted Answer

A)  Within 30 minutes of eating,the gallbladder forces bile into the stomach. 
B)  Cholinergic branches of the vagus nerve mediate gallbladder contraction. 
C)  Cholecystokinin and motilin provide hormonal regulation of gallbladder contraction. 
D)  The sphincter of Oddi controls the flow of bile from the gallbladder. 
A)  Within 30 minutes of eating,the gallbladder forces bile into the stomach. 
B)  Cholinergic branches of the vagus nerve mediate gallbladder contraction. 
C)  Cholecystokinin and motilin provide hormonal regulation of gallbladder contraction. 
D)  The sphincter of Oddi controls the flow of bile from the gallbladder.

Question 9

Which cells in the stomach secrete histamine?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oxyntic cells 
B)  Chief cells 
C)  D cells 
D)  Enterochromaffin-like cells 
A)  Oxyntic cells 
B)  Chief cells 
C)  D cells 
D)  Enterochromaffin-like cells

Question 10

Which statement is false about the functions of the pancreas?

Accepted Answer

A)  Release of pancreatic enzymes is stimulated by cholecystokinin and acetylcholine. 
B)  Secretion of pancreatic enzymes is inhibited by bilirubin and S cells. 
C)  Pancreatic lipases hydrolyze triglycerides,cholesterol,and phospholipids. 
D)  Pancreatic proteolytic enzymes are not activated until they enter the duodenum. 
A)  Release of pancreatic enzymes is stimulated by cholecystokinin and acetylcholine. 
B)  Secretion of pancreatic enzymes is inhibited by bilirubin and S cells. 
C)  Pancreatic lipases hydrolyze triglycerides,cholesterol,and phospholipids. 
D)  Pancreatic proteolytic enzymes are not activated until they enter the duodenum.

Question 11

MATCHING
Match the hormone from the small intestine with its action.Hormones may be used more than once.
-Decreases pancreatic bicarbonate and enzyme secretions

Accepted Answer

A) Peptide YY 
B) Secretin 
C) Cholecystokinin 
D) Enteroglucagon 
E) Pancreatic polypeptide 
A) Peptide YY 
B) Secretin 
C) Cholecystokinin 
D) Enteroglucagon 
E) Pancreatic polypeptide

Question 12

Which stimulus increases the tone of the esophageal sphincter?

Accepted Answer

A)  Progesterone 
B)  Glucagon 
C)  Motilin 
D)  Gastrin 
A)  Progesterone 
B)  Glucagon 
C)  Motilin 
D)  Gastrin

Question 13

MATCHING
Match the hormone from the small intestine with its action.Hormones may be used more than once.
-Inhibits gastrin and gastric acid secretion

Accepted Answer

A) Peptide YY 
B) Secretin 
C) Cholecystokinin 
D) Enteroglucagon 
E) Pancreatic polypeptide 
A) Peptide YY 
B) Secretin 
C) Cholecystokinin 
D) Enteroglucagon 
E) Pancreatic polypeptide

Question 14

Insulin is required for active absorption of carbohydrates by the small intestine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Potassium concentration in gastric juice is greater than in plasma.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

In the small intestine,sodium is transported into the intestinal cells in exchange for _____ at the brush border.

Accepted Answer

A)  potassium 
B)  hydrogen 
C)  calcium 
D)  magnesium 
A)  potassium 
B)  hydrogen 
C)  calcium 
D)  magnesium

Question 17

Which electrolyte and acid-base imbalances are caused by prolonged diarrhea?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis 
B)  Hyponatremic metabolic alkalosis 
C)  Hypokalemic metabolic acidosis 
D)  Hyponatremic metabolic acidosis 
A)  Hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis 
B)  Hyponatremic metabolic alkalosis 
C)  Hypokalemic metabolic acidosis 
D)  Hyponatremic metabolic acidosis

Question 18

The ileogastric reflex inhibits gastric motility when the ileum becomes distended,but the gastroileal reflex stimulates ileal motility and relaxes of the ileocecal sphincter.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Exposure to which substances protect the mucosal barrier of the stomach?

Accepted Answer

A)  Prostaglandins 
B)  Aspirin 
C)  Helicobacter pylori 
D)  Regurgitated bile 
A)  Prostaglandins 
B)  Aspirin 
C)  Helicobacter pylori 
D)  Regurgitated bile

Question 20

MATCHING
Match the hormone from the small intestine with its action.Hormones may be used more than once.
-Delays gastric and small bowel emptying

Accepted Answer

A) Peptide YY 
B) Secretin 
C) Cholecystokinin 
D) Enteroglucagon 
E) Pancreatic polypeptide 
A) Peptide YY 
B) Secretin 
C) Cholecystokinin 
D) Enteroglucagon 
E) Pancreatic polypeptide

Exam 36: Structure and Function of the Digestive System

What is the role of the normal intestinal bacterial flora?

Food enters the stomach via the _____ orifice.

Which stimulus inhibits gastric motility by raising the threshold potential of muscle fibers?

Solids and fats in the stomach increase peristalsis and the rate of gastric emptying.

Which gastric hormone inhibits acid and pepsinogen secretion and release of gastrin?

Which vitamin facilitates the absorption of iron by the epithelial cells of the duodenum and jejunum?

What is a primary source of iron?

Which statement is false about gallbladder function?

Which cells in the stomach secrete histamine?

Which statement is false about the functions of the pancreas?

MATCHING Match the hormone from the small intestine with its action.Hormones may be used more than once. -Decreases pancreatic bicarbonate and enzyme secretions

Which stimulus increases the tone of the esophageal sphincter?

MATCHING Match the hormone from the small intestine with its action.Hormones may be used more than once. -Inhibits gastrin and gastric acid secretion

Insulin is required for active absorption of carbohydrates by the small intestine.

Potassium concentration in gastric juice is greater than in plasma.

In the small intestine,sodium is transported into the intestinal cells in exchange for _____ at the brush border.

Which electrolyte and acid-base imbalances are caused by prolonged diarrhea?

The ileogastric reflex inhibits gastric motility when the ileum becomes distended,but the gastroileal reflex stimulates ileal motility and relaxes of the ileocecal sphincter.

Exposure to which substances protect the mucosal barrier of the stomach?

MATCHING Match the hormone from the small intestine with its action.Hormones may be used more than once. -Delays gastric and small bowel emptying

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

The Cellular Environment

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases

Innate Immunity Including Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation Including Hypersensitivies

Infection Including Hivaids

Stress and Disease

Biology of Cancer

Tumor Invasion and Metastasis

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Concepts of Neurologic Dysfunction

Disorders of Neurologic Function

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Reproductive Systems

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations in Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

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