Question 1

The malarial stage infecting red blood cells of humans are the

Accepted Answer

A) merozoites 
B) sporozoites 
C) saprophytes 
D) gametocytes 
E) neophytes 
A) merozoites 
B) sporozoites 
C) saprophytes 
D) gametocytes 
E) neophytes

Question 2

Plastids originated from which of the following groups of prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A) Cyanobacteria 
B) Spirochaetes 
C) Proteobacteria 
D) Archaea 
E) Actinobacteria 
A) Cyanobacteria 
B) Spirochaetes 
C) Proteobacteria 
D) Archaea 
E) Actinobacteria

Question 3

African sleeping sickness is caused by Trypanosoma brucei,a flagellated protist with a kinetoplast.What human disease is caused by the protist most closely related to T.brucei?

Accepted Answer

A) malaria 
B) giardiasis 
C) amoebic dysentery 
D) dinoflagellate toxin-induced nervous disorders 
A) malaria 
B) giardiasis 
C) amoebic dysentery 
D) dinoflagellate toxin-induced nervous disorders

Question 4

The plastids of kelps and other brown algae arose through secondary endosymbiosis.What modern organisms are most closely related to the type of cell that eventually became these plastids?

Accepted Answer

A) cyanobacteria 
B) Chlamydomonas (a single-celled green alga) 
C) Trypanosoma (a kinetoplastid) 
D) dinoflagellates 
E) coccolithophorids 
A) cyanobacteria 
B) Chlamydomonas (a single-celled green alga) 
C) Trypanosoma (a kinetoplastid) 
D) dinoflagellates 
E) coccolithophorids

Question 5

Animals and fungi are more closely related to each other than either is to plants.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The photosynthetic activity of cyanobacteria takes place in their:

Accepted Answer

A) thylakoids 
B) mitochondria 
C) pili 
D) gas vesicles 
E) magnetosomes 
A) thylakoids 
B) mitochondria 
C) pili 
D) gas vesicles 
E) magnetosomes

Question 7

Which of the following statements DOES NOT characterize decomposers?

Accepted Answer

A) They feed on nonliving organic matter. 
B) They play an important role in nutrient cycling. 
C) They break down wastes. 
D) They release nutrients that other organisms can use. 
E) They synthesize organic molecules. 
A) They feed on nonliving organic matter. 
B) They play an important role in nutrient cycling. 
C) They break down wastes. 
D) They release nutrients that other organisms can use. 
E) They synthesize organic molecules.

Question 8

Some protists bear a small number of external cellular structures that facilitate swimming by repeatedly bending and straightening.These protists are informally known as:

Accepted Answer

A) amoebae 
B) ciliates 
C) algae 
D) periphyton 
E) flagellates 
A) amoebae 
B) ciliates 
C) algae 
D) periphyton 
E) flagellates

Question 9

The difference between an akinete and endospore is that

Accepted Answer

A) Akinetes are whole cells filled with food,whereas endospores are bodies produced inside of cells. 
B) Akinetes are not capable of locomotion whereas endospores move freely. 
C) Akinetes cannot resist stressful conditions whereas endospores can. 
D) Endospores cannot resist stressful conditions whereas akinetes can. 
E) Akinetes are reproductive structures whereas endospores are dormant,resistant structures. 
A) Akinetes are whole cells filled with food,whereas endospores are bodies produced inside of cells. 
B) Akinetes are not capable of locomotion whereas endospores move freely. 
C) Akinetes cannot resist stressful conditions whereas endospores can. 
D) Endospores cannot resist stressful conditions whereas akinetes can. 
E) Akinetes are reproductive structures whereas endospores are dormant,resistant structures.

Question 10

Archaea have very diverse environmental requirements and tolerances.From what you have learned about them,which among the following conditions or substances do ALL archaeans require for survival and reproduction?

Accepted Answer

A) oxygen 
B) carbon 
C) moderate pH 
D) moderate temperature 
E) moderate salinity 
A) oxygen 
B) carbon 
C) moderate pH 
D) moderate temperature 
E) moderate salinity

Question 11

The sexual phase of Plasmodium is called a

Accepted Answer

A) sporozoite 
B) gametocyte 
C) merozoite 
D) plasmacyte 
E) anthracite 
A) sporozoite 
B) gametocyte 
C) merozoite 
D) plasmacyte 
E) anthracite

Question 12

Knowledge of a pathogen's genome is useful because:

Accepted Answer

A) it allows scientists to cause mutations in the DNA thereby killing the pathogen 
B) it allows scientists to prevent meiosis and the duplication of genes necessary for the survival of the pathogen 
C) it allows the development of drugs that make antibodies against the pathogen 
D) it allows the development of drugs that target metabolic pathways unique to the pathogen 
E) it allows scientists to predict likely hosts of the pathogen using phylogenetic analysis 
A) it allows scientists to cause mutations in the DNA thereby killing the pathogen 
B) it allows scientists to prevent meiosis and the duplication of genes necessary for the survival of the pathogen 
C) it allows the development of drugs that make antibodies against the pathogen 
D) it allows the development of drugs that target metabolic pathways unique to the pathogen 
E) it allows scientists to predict likely hosts of the pathogen using phylogenetic analysis

Question 13

The process by which genetic material is exchanged between different species,such as an endosymbiont and its host,is:

Accepted Answer

A) vertical gene transfer 
B) horizontal gene transfer 
C) binary fission 
D) mutualism 
E) parasitism 
A) vertical gene transfer 
B) horizontal gene transfer 
C) binary fission 
D) mutualism 
E) parasitism

Question 14

Archaea are resistant to damage by harsh conditions because their membrane lipids,unlike those of bacteria and eukaryotes,have

Accepted Answer

A) ether linkages 
B) ester linkages 
C) fatty acid chains 
D) isoprene chains 
E) peptidoglycan 
A) ether linkages 
B) ester linkages 
C) fatty acid chains 
D) isoprene chains 
E) peptidoglycan

Question 15

Bioremediation is:

Accepted Answer

A) the use of microorganisms to treat open wounds 
B) the use of microorganisms to break down harmful substances in the environment 
C) the use of bacteria to attack cancer cells 
D) the use of microorganisms to attack pathogenic bacteria 
E) the use of bacteria in the production of biofuels 
A) the use of microorganisms to treat open wounds 
B) the use of microorganisms to break down harmful substances in the environment 
C) the use of bacteria to attack cancer cells 
D) the use of microorganisms to attack pathogenic bacteria 
E) the use of bacteria in the production of biofuels

Question 16

A massive immigration of Irish to the United States in the mid-19th century because of a failure of the Irish potato crop was most likely caused by what protist?

Accepted Answer

A) Trichomonas vaginalis 
B) Plasmodiuim falciparum 
C) Phytophora infestans 
D) Giardia lamblia 
E) Pfiesteria shumwayae 
A) Trichomonas vaginalis 
B) Plasmodiuim falciparum 
C) Phytophora infestans 
D) Giardia lamblia 
E) Pfiesteria shumwayae

Question 17

Which protist would most likely be phytoplankton?

Accepted Answer

A) Kelp (a brown seaweed) 
B) Plasmodium falciparum (the pathogen that causes malaria) 
C) Polysiphonia (a red seaweed) 
D) Euglena (a unicellular alga) 
E) Phytophthora infestans (the pathogen that causes late-blight) 
A) Kelp (a brown seaweed) 
B) Plasmodium falciparum (the pathogen that causes malaria) 
C) Polysiphonia (a red seaweed) 
D) Euglena (a unicellular alga) 
E) Phytophthora infestans (the pathogen that causes late-blight)

Question 18

The atmosphere and seas of the early Earth lacked oxygen.What kind of organisms could NOT have lived under those conditions?

Accepted Answer

A) obligate aerobes 
B) obligate anaerobes 
C) facultative anaerobes 
D) chemoautotrophs 
E) cyanobacteria 
A) obligate aerobes 
B) obligate anaerobes 
C) facultative anaerobes 
D) chemoautotrophs 
E) cyanobacteria

Question 19

Microcystis aeruginosa is a species of cyanobacteria.What CANNOT be true of this species?

Accepted Answer

A) It synthesizes organic molecules. 
B) It is an obligate anaerobe. 
C) Its cells contain an extensive thylakoid. 
D) It uses ammonia to produce proteins. 
E) It secretes mucilagE. 
A) It synthesizes organic molecules. 
B) It is an obligate anaerobe. 
C) Its cells contain an extensive thylakoid. 
D) It uses ammonia to produce proteins. 
E) It secretes mucilagE.

Question 20

The choanoflagellates are in the supergroup

Accepted Answer

A) Opisthokonta 
B) Rhizaria 
C) Amoebozoa 
D) Stramenopila 
E) Alveolata 
A) Opisthokonta 
B) Rhizaria 
C) Amoebozoa 
D) Stramenopila 
E) Alveolata

Exam 22: Microorganisms: The Archaea, Bacteria, and Protists

The malarial stage infecting red blood cells of humans are the

Plastids originated from which of the following groups of prokaryotes?

African sleeping sickness is caused by Trypanosoma brucei,a flagellated protist with a kinetoplast.What human disease is caused by the protist most closely related to T.brucei?

The plastids of kelps and other brown algae arose through secondary endosymbiosis.What modern organisms are most closely related to the type of cell that eventually became these plastids?

Animals and fungi are more closely related to each other than either is to plants.

The photosynthetic activity of cyanobacteria takes place in their:

Which of the following statements DOES NOT characterize decomposers?

Some protists bear a small number of external cellular structures that facilitate swimming by repeatedly bending and straightening.These protists are informally known as:

The difference between an akinete and endospore is that

Archaea have very diverse environmental requirements and tolerances.From what you have learned about them,which among the following conditions or substances do ALL archaeans require for survival and reproduction?

The sexual phase of Plasmodium is called a

Knowledge of a pathogen's genome is useful because:

The process by which genetic material is exchanged between different species,such as an endosymbiont and its host,is:

Archaea are resistant to damage by harsh conditions because their membrane lipids,unlike those of bacteria and eukaryotes,have

Bioremediation is:

A massive immigration of Irish to the United States in the mid-19th century because of a failure of the Irish potato crop was most likely caused by what protist?

Which protist would most likely be phytoplankton?

The atmosphere and seas of the early Earth lacked oxygen.What kind of organisms could NOT have lived under those conditions?

Microcystis aeruginosa is a species of cyanobacteria.What CANNOT be true of this species?

The choanoflagellates are in the supergroup

An Introduction to Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life I: Atoms, Molecules, and Water

The Chemical Basis of Life II: Organic Molecules

General Features of Cells

Membrane Structure, Transport, and Cell Junctions

Energy, Enzymes, and Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

Nucleic Acid Structure, DNA Replication, and Chromosome Structure

Gene Expression at the Molecular Level

Gene Regulation

Mutation, DNA Repair, and Cancer

The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle, Mitosis, and Meiosis

Patterns of Inheritance

Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria

Genetic Technology

Genomes, Repetitive Sequences, and Bioinformatics

Origin and History of Life

An Introduction to Evolution and Population Genetics

Origin of Species and Macroevolution

Taxonomy and Systematics

Plants

Fungi

Animal Diversity: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity: Vertebrates

An Introduction to Flowering Plant Form and Function

Flowering Plants: Plant Behavior

Flowering Plants: Nutrition and Transport

Flowering Plants: Reproduction

Animal Bodies and Homeostasis

Neuroscience I: Structure, Function, and Evolution of Nervous Systems

Neuroscience II: Sensory Systems

Muscular-Skeletal Systems

Digestive Systems and Nutrition

Circulatory Systems

Respiratory Systems

Excretory Systems and the Homeostasis of Internal Fluids

Endocrine Systems

Animal Reproduction and Development

Immune Systems

Animal Behavior

Ecology and the Physical Environment

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystem Ecology

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

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