Exam 19: An Introduction to Evolution and Population Genetics

Fitness is a measure of reproductive success.If an individual with genotype BB produces 6 offspring,and a heterozygous individual (Bb)produces 10 offspring,and a third individual with genotype bb produces 5 offspring,what is the fitness value for the individual with BB genotype?

Peter and Rosemary Grant study natural selection in finches on the Galápagos Islands.They have hypothesized that dry conditions produce larger seeds and may result in larger beaks in succeeding generations of finches.The figure below shows their data from 1976 and 1978.The y-axis is the number of birds measured and the x-axis is the beak depth.Do their data support their hypothesis and why?

When humans are developing in utero they have characteristics that are not found in the fully developed infant.Which type of homology does this typify?

A coral species that currently inhabits a single reef off the coast of Indonesia would be considered:

The effect of inbreeding is

If a population satisfies the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium model,what can you assume about that population?

In red-wing blackbirds,females tend to choose males with the most desirable territories and males compete with each other for territories. True or false: Redwing blackbirds demonstrate both intersexual selection and intrasexual selection.

After his journey on the HMS Beagle,Charles Darwin bred pigeons,selectively mating those with particular characteristics in a process he termed artificial selection.The results of this artificial selection influenced and supported the ideas he presented in On the Origin of Species.What scientific tool(s)did Darwin use to develop his theory of evolution?

When observing the skeleton of a snake,you see the remains of hip and hind leg bones associated with four legged animals.These bones are called

During the Beagle journey,Darwin visited islands,allowing him to compare island species with continental species.In terms of framing his theory of evolution,why was this significant?

The most important concept in the field of population genetics is

In a small population,both _________ and __________ would violate the conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

What phenomena tends to increase genetic variation in a population?

According to Thomas Malthus,food supplies tend to increase linearly while populations have the potential to increase exponentially,which means that resources will limit population growth.

Which of the following is NOT related to genetic drift?

You visit a pet store and decide to purchase a male guppy that has red,blue and green colors on its fins and tail.Your guppies at home do not have this combination of colors and you would like to own some that do.You place the new male in with three females for mating purposes.After three weeks you have many new baby guppies and with the new color combination! This is an example of which type of selection?

The term evolution is used to describe

In humans,structures that show developmental homology with other chordates are

A mutation arises in an individual that decreases its fitness.This means that this individual's

Some major changes that occurred in horse body size,foot anatomy,and tooth morphology are hypothesized to be due to natural selection because