Exam 7: Social Perception and Attributions

Susan believes that Mr. Ryan, who supervises her employees, definitely has room for improvement in the way he communicates with the employees. However, she feels uncomfortable saying anything bad about anybody, so she rates Mr. Ryan's performance higher than his performance actually deserves. Which type of perceptual error is Susan communicating?

_____ is a perceptual error that refers to a personal characteristic that leads a person to consistently evaluate other people or objects in an extremely positive fashion.

David's boss has observed that David took about 12 hours to perform task A, B, and C. However, he took 24 hours to complete task D. David's boss concluded that task D must have been tougher than the other tasks. Which of the following attributional information led David's boss to this conclusion?

Which of the following stimuli would be most salient?

Semantic memory describes the appropriate sequence of events in well-known situations.

As employees age, they typically experience _____.

The _____ represents one's tendency to take more personal responsibility for success than for failure.

Which of the following is true?

Jordan's football coach continuously pushes her to train harder. He tells her that he believes she has the potential to be a star player. Even though Jordan started out a mediocre player with little belief in her abilities, her coach's pep talk led her to try harder, until finally she scored the winning goal at the final game. Which of the following best explains this situation?

One source of inaccurate performance appraisals is faulty schemata about what constitutes good versus poor performance.

Which of the following statements about stereotyping is true?

The essence of the Pygmalion effect is that people's past experiences determine their behavior and performance.

Sharon observes her co-worker Robert being rude to a newcomer. She has seen this behavior in Robert whenever the company hires new people. She decides that Robert is being a bully and asks him to stop. Which of the following stages of information processing has Sharon just undergone?

You are trying to concentrate during an examination but you get distracted by the sound of another student tapping her pencil on her desk. Which of the following stages of the information processing model are you in?

In the encoding process, different individuals tend to have the same interpretation and evaluation of the same person or event.

Event memory functions as a mental dictionary of concepts.

Attention is the process of becoming consciously aware of something or someone.

A sex-role stereotype is the belief that traits and abilities make men and women particularly well suited for different roles.

Another name for the Pygmalion effect is _____.

Describe the process by which stereotypes are formed and maintained.