Question 1

Cognitive categories represent mental depositories for storing information.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

People, events, and objects are interpreted and categorized by comparing their characteristics with information contained in schemata.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which of the following behaviors would help managers to harness the Pygmalion effect?

Accepted Answer

A) Reinforce positive performance expectations throughout the organization 
B) Recognize the few select individuals who have the potential to increase their performance 
C) Set moderate performance goals 
D) Help only the best employees to advance through the organization 
E) Highlight the names of the lowest performers 
A) Reinforce positive performance expectations throughout the organization 
B) Recognize the few select individuals who have the potential to increase their performance 
C) Set moderate performance goals 
D) Help only the best employees to advance through the organization 
E) Highlight the names of the lowest performers

Question 4

Managers tend to disproportionately attribute behavior to external causes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Contrast effect refers to the tendency to remember recent information. If the recent information is negative, the person or object is evaluated negatively.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

According to Kelley's attribution model, consistency involves _____.

Accepted Answer

A) judging if the individual's performance on a given task is constant over time 
B) looking at all the available information and weighing each piece according to its importance 
C) judging whether an individual's behavior has improved over time 
D) comparing an individual's behavior with that of his or her peers 
E) contrasting a person's behavior on one task with his or her behavior on other tasks 
A) judging if the individual's performance on a given task is constant over time 
B) looking at all the available information and weighing each piece according to its importance 
C) judging whether an individual's behavior has improved over time 
D) comparing an individual's behavior with that of his or her peers 
E) contrasting a person's behavior on one task with his or her behavior on other tasks

Question 7

_____, that tend to be self-serving and often invalid, are suspected or inferred causes of behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) Schema 
B) Causal attributions 
C) Stereotypes 
D) Salient stimuli 
E) Implicit cognitions 
A) Schema 
B) Causal attributions 
C) Stereotypes 
D) Salient stimuli 
E) Implicit cognitions

Question 8

The Golem effect is a loss in performance resulting from low leader expectations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following is true about stereotypes?

Accepted Answer

A) Racial and ethnic stereotypes are automatically triggered and lead to micro-aggressions. 
B) Stereotype threat is generally associated with higher performance on evaluative tasks for women and nonwhites. 
C) African American employees reach career plateaus less frequently than do white employees. 
D) African Americans and women tend to perform better on academic tests when something primes them to think about race or gender. 
E) Stereotype threat refers to the threats that the dominant social groups make to the minority social groups in order to prevent the minority group from taking prominent jobs. 
A) Racial and ethnic stereotypes are automatically triggered and lead to micro-aggressions. 
B) Stereotype threat is generally associated with higher performance on evaluative tasks for women and nonwhites. 
C) African American employees reach career plateaus less frequently than do white employees. 
D) African Americans and women tend to perform better on academic tests when something primes them to think about race or gender. 
E) Stereotype threat refers to the threats that the dominant social groups make to the minority social groups in order to prevent the minority group from taking prominent jobs.

Question 10

Stewart has been a good and hard-working employee throughout the year. But two days before his performance review, his boss finds him taking a nap during work hours. As a result, he gets a poor job performance rating. Which of the following perceptual errors has Stewart's boss committed?

Accepted Answer

A) Contrast effect 
B) Recency effect 
C) Central tendency 
D) Leniency 
E) Halo fallacy 
A) Contrast effect 
B) Recency effect 
C) Central tendency 
D) Leniency 
E) Halo fallacy

Question 11

A person who needs cash and suddenly realizes that he does not have any cash in his wallet would probably find a McDonald's sign more salient than a sign for an ATM.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Explain the practical applications of the attribution models in the workplace.

Accepted Answer

Attribution models can be used to explai

Question 13

_____ consists of three compartments containing categories of information about events, semantic materials, and people.

Accepted Answer

A) Cognitive category 
B) Long-term memory 
C) Perception 
D) Short-term memory 
E) Cognition 
A) Cognitive category 
B) Long-term memory 
C) Perception 
D) Short-term memory 
E) Cognition

Question 14

Good leaders are perceived to give preferential treatment to better performing members of a work unit.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

High supervisory expectancy produces better leadership, which subsequently leads employees to develop higher self-expectations. Higher expectations motivate workers to exert more effort, ultimately increasing performance and supervisory expectancies. Successful performance also improves an employee's self-expectancy for achievement. This series of steps reflects the _____.

Accepted Answer

A) self-serving bias 
B) self-fulfilling prophecy 
C) contrast effect 
D) fundamental attribution bias 
E) central tendency 
A) self-serving bias 
B) self-fulfilling prophecy 
C) contrast effect 
D) fundamental attribution bias 
E) central tendency

Question 16

According to Kelley's attribution model, distinctiveness involves _____.

Accepted Answer

A) judging if the individual's performance on a given task is constant over time 
B) looking at all the available information and weighing each piece according to its importance 
C) discussing the individual's behavior with others and coming to a group decision 
D) comparing an individual's behavior with that of his or her peers 
E) contrasting a person's behavior on one task with his or her behavior on other tasks 
A) judging if the individual's performance on a given task is constant over time 
B) looking at all the available information and weighing each piece according to its importance 
C) discussing the individual's behavior with others and coming to a group decision 
D) comparing an individual's behavior with that of his or her peers 
E) contrasting a person's behavior on one task with his or her behavior on other tasks

Question 17

Older workers are more accident prone than younger workers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

If managers use _____, inaccurate evaluations of job applicants and employees may result.

Accepted Answer

A) cognitive attributions 
B) cognitive categories 
C) valid stereotypes 
D) salient features 
E) faulty schemata 
A) cognitive attributions 
B) cognitive categories 
C) valid stereotypes 
D) salient features 
E) faulty schemata

Question 19

Caroline's mother asks her about her new math teacher. Caroline feels that the teacher is good, but not as good as Caroline's favorite teacher, Mrs. Stinson. So, she tells her mother that the new teacher is good, but not great. Which of the perceptual errors is affecting Caroline's judgment?

Accepted Answer

A) Halo 
B) Leniency 
C) Recency effect 
D) Contrast effect 
E) Central tendency 
A) Halo 
B) Leniency 
C) Recency effect 
D) Contrast effect 
E) Central tendency

Question 20

A 12 foot tall university student would be a salient stimulus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Cognitive categories represent mental depositories for storing information.

People, events, and objects are interpreted and categorized by comparing their characteristics with information contained in schemata.

Which of the following behaviors would help managers to harness the Pygmalion effect?

Managers tend to disproportionately attribute behavior to external causes.

Contrast effect refers to the tendency to remember recent information. If the recent information is negative, the person or object is evaluated negatively.

According to Kelley's attribution model, consistency involves _____.

_____, that tend to be self-serving and often invalid, are suspected or inferred causes of behavior.

The Golem effect is a loss in performance resulting from low leader expectations.

Which of the following is true about stereotypes?

Stewart has been a good and hard-working employee throughout the year. But two days before his performance review, his boss finds him taking a nap during work hours. As a result, he gets a poor job performance rating. Which of the following perceptual errors has Stewart's boss committed?

A person who needs cash and suddenly realizes that he does not have any cash in his wallet would probably find a McDonald's sign more salient than a sign for an ATM.

Explain the practical applications of the attribution models in the workplace.

_____ consists of three compartments containing categories of information about events, semantic materials, and people.

Good leaders are perceived to give preferential treatment to better performing members of a work unit.

According to Kelley's attribution model, distinctiveness involves _____.

Older workers are more accident prone than younger workers.

If managers use _____, inaccurate evaluations of job applicants and employees may result.

Caroline's mother asks her about her new math teacher. Caroline feels that the teacher is good, but not as good as Caroline's favorite teacher, Mrs. Stinson. So, she tells her mother that the new teacher is good, but not great. Which of the perceptual errors is affecting Caroline's judgment?

A 12 foot tall university student would be a salient stimulus.

Organizational Behavior: The Quest for People-Centered Organizations and Ethical Conduct

Managing Diversity: Releasing Every Employees Potential

Organizational Culture, Socialization, and Mentoring

International OB: Managing Across Cultures

Key Individual Differences and the Road to Success

Values, Attitudes, Job Satisfaction, and Counter-Productive Work Behaviors

Foundations of Motivation

Improving Job Performance With Goals, Feedback, Rewards, and Positive Reinforcement

Group Dynamics

Developing and Leading Effective Teams

Individual and Group Decision Making

Managing Conflict and Negotiating

Communicating in the Digital Age

Influence, Empowerment, and Politics

Leadership

Organizational Design, Effectiveness, and Innovation

Managing Change and Stress

Filters

Exam 7: Social Perception and Attributions

Cognitive categories represent mental depositories for storing information.

People, events, and objects are interpreted and categorized by comparing their characteristics with information contained in schemata.

Which of the following behaviors would help managers to harness the Pygmalion effect?

Managers tend to disproportionately attribute behavior to external causes.

Contrast effect refers to the tendency to remember recent information. If the recent information is negative, the person or object is evaluated negatively.

According to Kelley's attribution model, consistency involves _____.

_____, that tend to be self-serving and often invalid, are suspected or inferred causes of behavior.

The Golem effect is a loss in performance resulting from low leader expectations.

Which of the following is true about stereotypes?

Stewart has been a good and hard-working employee throughout the year. But two days before his performance review, his boss finds him taking a nap during work hours. As a result, he gets a poor job performance rating. Which of the following perceptual errors has Stewart's boss committed?

A person who needs cash and suddenly realizes that he does not have any cash in his wallet would probably find a McDonald's sign more salient than a sign for an ATM.

Explain the practical applications of the attribution models in the workplace.

_____ consists of three compartments containing categories of information about events, semantic materials, and people.

Good leaders are perceived to give preferential treatment to better performing members of a work unit.

According to Kelley's attribution model, distinctiveness involves _____.

Older workers are more accident prone than younger workers.

If managers use _____, inaccurate evaluations of job applicants and employees may result.

Caroline's mother asks her about her new math teacher. Caroline feels that the teacher is good, but not as good as Caroline's favorite teacher, Mrs. Stinson. So, she tells her mother that the new teacher is good, but not great. Which of the perceptual errors is affecting Caroline's judgment?

A 12 foot tall university student would be a salient stimulus.

Organizational Behavior: The Quest for People-Centered Organizations and Ethical Conduct

Managing Diversity: Releasing Every Employees Potential

Organizational Culture, Socialization, and Mentoring

International OB: Managing Across Cultures

Key Individual Differences and the Road to Success

Values, Attitudes, Job Satisfaction, and Counter-Productive Work Behaviors

Foundations of Motivation

Improving Job Performance With Goals, Feedback, Rewards, and Positive Reinforcement

Group Dynamics

Developing and Leading Effective Teams

Individual and Group Decision Making

Managing Conflict and Negotiating

Communicating in the Digital Age

Influence, Empowerment, and Politics

Leadership

Organizational Design, Effectiveness, and Innovation

Managing Change and Stress

Filters