Question 1

Which of the following is a proximal cause that will stimulate birds to migrate?

Accepted Answer

A) Environmental stimuli such as changes in temperature. 
B) The bird getting older. 
C) An increase in the number of males within the population causing an increase in competition for mates. 
D) A new predator moving into the environment that poses a threat to the survival of the population. 
E) All of these are proximal causes that will influence birds to migrate. 
A) Environmental stimuli such as changes in temperature. 
B) The bird getting older. 
C) An increase in the number of males within the population causing an increase in competition for mates. 
D) A new predator moving into the environment that poses a threat to the survival of the population. 
E) All of these are proximal causes that will influence birds to migrate.

Question 2

An organism does not necessarily have to ensure that its own genes are passed to the next generation.The adaptation to the environment due to the reproductive success of an organism's relatives is

Accepted Answer

A) altruism. 
B) kin selection. 
C) natural selection. 
D) direct selection. 
A) altruism. 
B) kin selection. 
C) natural selection. 
D) direct selection.

Question 3

Learned behavior that causes a family of baby ducks to follow their mother is called

Accepted Answer

A) imprinting. 
B) operant conditioning. 
C) insight learning. 
D) extinction. 
E) motivation. 
A) imprinting. 
B) operant conditioning. 
C) insight learning. 
D) extinction. 
E) motivation.

Question 4

The endocrine system produces hormones in the body and it can be manipulated to cause an individual to change their behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following statements about behavior is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A) Innate behavior is usually inherited. 
B) Innate behavior is triggered by a stimulus. 
C) Fixed action patterns are sometimes subject to modification by learning. 
D) Animals with simple nervous systems tend to respond to a stimulus with an innate behavior. 
E) All behaviors can be explained as fixed action patterns. 
A) Innate behavior is usually inherited. 
B) Innate behavior is triggered by a stimulus. 
C) Fixed action patterns are sometimes subject to modification by learning. 
D) Animals with simple nervous systems tend to respond to a stimulus with an innate behavior. 
E) All behaviors can be explained as fixed action patterns.

Question 6

Ants following a trail to the sugar bowl in your kitchen are doing so because of

Accepted Answer

A) chance alone. 
B) a dance done by an ant in the anthill. 
C) operant conditioning. 
D) an innate knowledge of where the sugar can be found. 
E) a pheromone pathway laid down by previous ants. 
A) chance alone. 
B) a dance done by an ant in the anthill. 
C) operant conditioning. 
D) an innate knowledge of where the sugar can be found. 
E) a pheromone pathway laid down by previous ants.

Question 7

Which of the following cases is not an example of classical conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A) An advertiser using an attractive model to sell their line of clothing. 
B) Giving a hunting dog an electric shock when it does not return to the owners side on command. 
C) A baby crying when their diaper is wet and the parent picking them up. 
D) All of the above are examples of classical conditioning. 
E) None of the above are examples of classical conditioning. 
A) An advertiser using an attractive model to sell their line of clothing. 
B) Giving a hunting dog an electric shock when it does not return to the owners side on command. 
C) A baby crying when their diaper is wet and the parent picking them up. 
D) All of the above are examples of classical conditioning. 
E) None of the above are examples of classical conditioning.

Question 8

Advantages to living in a social group for an animal includes all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) help in predator avoidance. 
B) help raising young. 
C) group food gathering. 
D) spread of illness and parasites. 
A) help in predator avoidance. 
B) help raising young. 
C) group food gathering. 
D) spread of illness and parasites.

Question 9

Altruism is very rare in societies where the individual's genes have a greater chance of being passed on by other individuals of the society.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following is a disadvantage of maintaining a large territory?

Accepted Answer

A) There will be a large number of females that reside within the territory. 
B) There will be a large diversity of food types within the territory. 
C) There will be ample room for nesting sites. 
D) It will be energetically expensive to control and defend the territory. 
E) All of the choices are disadvantages of a large territory. 
A) There will be a large number of females that reside within the territory. 
B) There will be a large diversity of food types within the territory. 
C) There will be ample room for nesting sites. 
D) It will be energetically expensive to control and defend the territory. 
E) All of the choices are disadvantages of a large territory.

Question 11

Fireflies use pheromones to communicate with each other at night because it increases the chance the receiver will get the message.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Auditory communication is the most effective form of communication in every environment inhabited by animals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The genetics inherited by an individual will completely control their behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Dogs scent-mark by defecating and urinating in an area,while cats scent-mark by rubbing against objects.Both of these increase the animals level of fitness and are examples of

Accepted Answer

A) altruism. 
B) sexual selection. 
C) territoriality. 
D) foraging. 
A) altruism. 
B) sexual selection. 
C) territoriality. 
D) foraging.

Question 15

In order to train an individual through classical conditioning the researcher must

Accepted Answer

A) pair the presentation of two different stimuli together. 
B) present the subject with one stimulus at a time. 
C) use a reward to encourage a specific behavior. 
D) use punishment to achieve a specific behavioral outcome. 
A) pair the presentation of two different stimuli together. 
B) present the subject with one stimulus at a time. 
C) use a reward to encourage a specific behavior. 
D) use punishment to achieve a specific behavioral outcome.

Question 16

A male leopard nuzzles the female's neck to calm her and to stimulate her willingness to mate.This is an example of _____ communication.

Accepted Answer

A) chemical 
B) visual 
C) tactile 
D) auditory 
A) chemical 
B) visual 
C) tactile 
D) auditory

Question 17

Which form of communication is used by social insects to modify the behavior of the colony?

Accepted Answer

A) Chemical communication 
B) Visual communication 
C) Auditory communication 
D) None of the choices are used by social insects. 
E) All of the choices are used by social insects. 
A) Chemical communication 
B) Visual communication 
C) Auditory communication 
D) None of the choices are used by social insects. 
E) All of the choices are used by social insects.

Question 18

The similarity in the behavior of identical twins,even if separated at birth,is evidence that behavior is due to environmental influences.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The capacity to learn is inherited and allows the animal to change its behavioral patterns in response to changes in the environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The making of a short-term reproductive sacrifice in order to maximize future reproductive potential is

Accepted Answer

A) reciprocal altruism. 
B) kin selection. 
C) inclusive fitness. 
D) territoriality. 
A) reciprocal altruism. 
B) kin selection. 
C) inclusive fitness. 
D) territoriality.

Exam 43: Behavioral Ecology

Which of the following is a proximal cause that will stimulate birds to migrate?

An organism does not necessarily have to ensure that its own genes are passed to the next generation.The adaptation to the environment due to the reproductive success of an organism's relatives is

Learned behavior that causes a family of baby ducks to follow their mother is called

The endocrine system produces hormones in the body and it can be manipulated to cause an individual to change their behavior.

Which of the following statements about behavior is NOT true?

Ants following a trail to the sugar bowl in your kitchen are doing so because of

Which of the following cases is not an example of classical conditioning?

Advantages to living in a social group for an animal includes all of the following EXCEPT

Altruism is very rare in societies where the individual's genes have a greater chance of being passed on by other individuals of the society.

Which of the following is a disadvantage of maintaining a large territory?

Fireflies use pheromones to communicate with each other at night because it increases the chance the receiver will get the message.

Auditory communication is the most effective form of communication in every environment inhabited by animals.

The genetics inherited by an individual will completely control their behavior.

Dogs scent-mark by defecating and urinating in an area,while cats scent-mark by rubbing against objects.Both of these increase the animals level of fitness and are examples of

In order to train an individual through classical conditioning the researcher must

A male leopard nuzzles the female's neck to calm her and to stimulate her willingness to mate.This is an example of _____ communication.

Which form of communication is used by social insects to modify the behavior of the colony?

The similarity in the behavior of identical twins,even if separated at birth,is evidence that behavior is due to environmental influences.

The capacity to learn is inherited and allows the animal to change its behavioral patterns in response to changes in the environment.

The making of a short-term reproductive sacrifice in order to maximize future reproductive potential is

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