Question 1

Viruses are categorized according to all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) size and shape. 
B) their type of nucleic acid. 
C) the presence of absence of an envelope. 
D) their method of reproduction,whether asexual or sexual. 
A) size and shape. 
B) their type of nucleic acid. 
C) the presence of absence of an envelope. 
D) their method of reproduction,whether asexual or sexual.

Question 2

What is the correct sequence of events in the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage infection?

Accepted Answer

A) Attachment,Viral DNA penetration into host cell,Integration of viral DNA into host cell DNA,Biosythesis,Maturation,Release 
B) Endocytosis of virion,Uncoating,Maturation,and Release 
C) Attachment,Fusion of envelope and host cell membrane,Biosynthesis,Maturation,and Release 
D) Attachment,Viral DNA penetration,Biosynthesis,Maturation and Release 
A) Attachment,Viral DNA penetration into host cell,Integration of viral DNA into host cell DNA,Biosythesis,Maturation,Release 
B) Endocytosis of virion,Uncoating,Maturation,and Release 
C) Attachment,Fusion of envelope and host cell membrane,Biosynthesis,Maturation,and Release 
D) Attachment,Viral DNA penetration,Biosynthesis,Maturation and Release

Question 3

An environmental change,such as exposure to ultraviolet light,may cause a lysogenic bacterium to enter a lytic cycle.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Some,but not all,virus capsids are surrounded by _________.

Accepted Answer

A) a membranous envelope 
B) both DNA and RNA 
C) either DNA or RNA 
D) a protein capsid 
E) a protein spore coat 
A) a membranous envelope 
B) both DNA and RNA 
C) either DNA or RNA 
D) a protein capsid 
E) a protein spore coat

Question 5

Pasteur chose the Latin root word for "virus" meaning

Accepted Answer

A) extremely small. 
B) non-living. 
C) poison. 
D) contagious. 
E) particle. 
A) extremely small. 
B) non-living. 
C) poison. 
D) contagious. 
E) particle.

Question 6

Similarities between the archaea and eukarya include

Accepted Answer

A) same ribosomal proteins. 
B) similar tRNA. 
C) similar initiation of transcription. 
D) All of the choices are correct similarities. 
E) same ribosomal proteins and different initiation of transcription. 
A) same ribosomal proteins. 
B) similar tRNA. 
C) similar initiation of transcription. 
D) All of the choices are correct similarities. 
E) same ribosomal proteins and different initiation of transcription.

Question 7

Which of these is the best description of a virus?

Accepted Answer

A) a noncellular living organism 
B) one of the smallest bacteria known 
C) a member of the kingdom Virusae 
D) a cell at the boundary between living and nonliving things 
E) chemical complexes of RNA or DNA protected by protein shell 
A) a noncellular living organism 
B) one of the smallest bacteria known 
C) a member of the kingdom Virusae 
D) a cell at the boundary between living and nonliving things 
E) chemical complexes of RNA or DNA protected by protein shell

Question 8

The innermost portion of a virus' structure is made up of

Accepted Answer

A) a membranous envelope. 
B) either DNA or RNA. 
C) both DNA and RNA. 
D) a protein capsid. 
E) spikes. 
A) a membranous envelope. 
B) either DNA or RNA. 
C) both DNA and RNA. 
D) a protein capsid. 
E) spikes.

Question 9

Which of the following characteristics about saprotrophs is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A) They are viruses that infect plant and fungal cells. 
B) They are bacteria that decompose large organic molecules. 
C) Saprotrophs are also called decomposers. 
D) They are ecologically important in recycling matter. 
A) They are viruses that infect plant and fungal cells. 
B) They are bacteria that decompose large organic molecules. 
C) Saprotrophs are also called decomposers. 
D) They are ecologically important in recycling matter.

Question 10

A facultative anaerobe is an organism that can metabolize effectively in the presence or absence of oxygen.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Prokaryotes are now divided into the

Accepted Answer

A) archaea and bacteria. 
B) bacteria and cyanobacteria. 
C) photosynthetic bacteria and chemosynthetic bacteria. 
D) archaea and cyanobacteria. 
E) autotrophs and heterotrophs. 
A) archaea and bacteria. 
B) bacteria and cyanobacteria. 
C) photosynthetic bacteria and chemosynthetic bacteria. 
D) archaea and cyanobacteria. 
E) autotrophs and heterotrophs.

Question 12

Eukarya are believed to have diverged from the bacterial line of descent.The Eukarya are,therefore,more closely related to the Bacteria than to the Archaea.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which enzyme enables a retrovirus to convert its' RNA genome into DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA helicase 
B) reverse transcriptase 
C) DNA ligase 
D) reverse helicase 
A) DNA helicase 
B) reverse transcriptase 
C) DNA ligase 
D) reverse helicase

Question 14

Halophiles

Accepted Answer

A) Require a high salt environment. 
B) Have a chloride pump that pumps chloride into the cell. 
C) May be chemoheterotrophs or photosynthetic. 
D) All of the above choices are correct. 
E) Require a high temperature in order to survive 
A) Require a high salt environment. 
B) Have a chloride pump that pumps chloride into the cell. 
C) May be chemoheterotrophs or photosynthetic. 
D) All of the above choices are correct. 
E) Require a high temperature in order to survive

Question 15

All of the following are true of methanogens EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) they produce methane from CO2 and H2. 
B) they live in the intestinal tracts of cows,humans,and termites. 
C) they live in swamps and marshes. 
D) their biogas may contribute to global warming. 
E) they are harmful human pathogens. 
A) they produce methane from CO2 and H2. 
B) they live in the intestinal tracts of cows,humans,and termites. 
C) they live in swamps and marshes. 
D) their biogas may contribute to global warming. 
E) they are harmful human pathogens.

Question 16

Study the life cycle diagram.Label B is the ________ life cycle.

Accepted Answer

A) lysogenic 
B) sexual 
C) lytic 
D) alternation of generations 
A) lysogenic 
B) sexual 
C) lytic 
D) alternation of generations

Question 17

The cycle of viral infection in which the viral DNA is integrated into the host's DNA is called the _______ cycle.

Accepted Answer

A) lysogenic 
B) lysozyme 
C) lytic 
D) lysol 
E) lysosome 
A) lysogenic 
B) lysozyme 
C) lytic 
D) lysol 
E) lysosome

Question 18

A Gram-negative bacteria will have a peptidoglycan layer that is sandwiched between two plasma membranes and will stain purple.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

An enveloped virus enters a host cell by

Accepted Answer

A) injecting its DNA or RNA into the host cell. 
B) fusion of its envelope with the host cell's plasma envelope. 
C) endocytosis. 
D) Any of the above choices are correct. 
E) Attaching to the host cell's membrane and then injecting its DNA or RNA into the host cell. 
A) injecting its DNA or RNA into the host cell. 
B) fusion of its envelope with the host cell's plasma envelope. 
C) endocytosis. 
D) Any of the above choices are correct. 
E) Attaching to the host cell's membrane and then injecting its DNA or RNA into the host cell.

Question 20

Bacterial cells pick up free pieces of DNA that were secreted by live bacteria or released from dead bacteria in their environment.This process is called

Accepted Answer

A) transformation. 
B) transduction. 
C) conjugation. 
D) infection. 
E) replication. 
A) transformation. 
B) transduction. 
C) conjugation. 
D) infection. 
E) replication.

Exam 20: Viruses,bacteria,and Archaea

Viruses are categorized according to all of the following EXCEPT

What is the correct sequence of events in the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage infection?

An environmental change,such as exposure to ultraviolet light,may cause a lysogenic bacterium to enter a lytic cycle.

Some,but not all,virus capsids are surrounded by _________.

Pasteur chose the Latin root word for "virus" meaning

Similarities between the archaea and eukarya include

Which of these is the best description of a virus?

The innermost portion of a virus' structure is made up of

Which of the following characteristics about saprotrophs is NOT true?

A facultative anaerobe is an organism that can metabolize effectively in the presence or absence of oxygen.

Prokaryotes are now divided into the

Eukarya are believed to have diverged from the bacterial line of descent.The Eukarya are,therefore,more closely related to the Bacteria than to the Archaea.

Which enzyme enables a retrovirus to convert its' RNA genome into DNA?

Halophiles

All of the following are true of methanogens EXCEPT

Study the life cycle diagram.Label B is the ________ life cycle.

The cycle of viral infection in which the viral DNA is integrated into the host's DNA is called the _______ cycle.

A Gram-negative bacteria will have a peptidoglycan layer that is sandwiched between two plasma membranes and will stain purple.

An enveloped virus enters a host cell by

Bacterial cells pick up free pieces of DNA that were secreted by live bacteria or released from dead bacteria in their environment.This process is called

A View of Life

Basic Chemistry

The Chemistry of Organic Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Membrane Structure and Function

Metabolism: Energy and Enzymes

Photosynthesis

Cellular Respiration

The Cell Cycle and Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Mendelian Patterns of Inheritance

Molecular Biology of the Gene

Regulation of Gene Expression

Biotechnology and Genomics

Darwin and Evolution

How Populations Evolve

Speciation and Macroevolution

Origin and History of Life

Taxonomy,systematics,and Phylogeny

Protist Evolution and Diversity

Fungi Evolution and Diversity

Plant Evolution and Diversity

Flowering Plants: Structure and Organization

Flowering Plants: Nutrition and Transport

Flowering Plants: Control of Growth Responses

Flowering Plants: Reproduction

Invertebrate Evolution

Vertebrate Evolution

Human Evolution

Animal Organization and Homeostasis

Circulation and Cardiovascular Systems

The Lymphatic and Immune Systems

Digestive Systems and Nutrition

Respiratory Systems

Body Fluid Regulation and Excretory Systems

Neurons and Nervous Systems

Sense Organs

Locomotion and Support Systems

Hormones and Endocrine Systems

Reproductive Systems

Animal Development

Behavioral Ecology

Population Ecology

Community and Ecosystem Ecology

Major Ecosystems of the Biosphere

Conservation of Biodiversity

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