Question 1

Reproductive isolation

Accepted Answer

A) means there is no gene flow between two groups of organisms (species). 
B) is necessary for species to remain separate. 
C) is maintained by certain prezygotic and postzygotic barriers. 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
E) None of the choices are correct. 
A) means there is no gene flow between two groups of organisms (species). 
B) is necessary for species to remain separate. 
C) is maintained by certain prezygotic and postzygotic barriers. 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
E) None of the choices are correct.

Question 2

Scientists developed the ____________ model after their studies of the fossil record revealed that some species appear quite suddenly and then remain essentially unchanged phenotypically for a long period of time.

Accepted Answer

A) Hardy-Weinberg 
B) Urey-Miller 
C) gradualistic 
D) punctuated equilibrium 
A) Hardy-Weinberg 
B) Urey-Miller 
C) gradualistic 
D) punctuated equilibrium

Question 3

Which figure depicts a punctuated equilibrium model of evolution?

Accepted Answer

A) Figure A 
B) Figure B 
A) Figure A 
B) Figure B

Question 4

Male fireflies are recognized by females of their species by the pattern of their flashings,while male crickets are recognized by females of their species by their chirping.These are examples of _____.

Accepted Answer

A) behavioral isolation 
B) habitat isolation 
C) temporal isolation 
D) mechanical isolation 
A) behavioral isolation 
B) habitat isolation 
C) temporal isolation 
D) mechanical isolation

Question 5

If macroevolution was goal oriented then organisms would be perfect in form and not have any flaws.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

In which model of evolution are many transitional forms predicted?

Accepted Answer

A) punctuated equilibrium 
B) gradualistic 
C) Neither punctuated equilibrium or gradualistic. 
D) Both punctuated equilibrium and gradualistic. 
A) punctuated equilibrium 
B) gradualistic 
C) Neither punctuated equilibrium or gradualistic. 
D) Both punctuated equilibrium and gradualistic.

Question 7

The evolutionary species concept assumes that the members of a species are reproductively isolated.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Animal diversity is due to variations in the expression of ancient genes in addition to the evolution of new and different genes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Diagnostic traits can be used to distinguish between species of living organisms only.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Isolating mechanisms that prevent reproductive attempts or make it unlikely that reproductive attempts will be successful are referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) prezygotic reproductive isolating mechanisms. 
B) a lack of F2 fitness. 
C) postzygotic isolating mechanisms. 
D) Two of these are correct. 
E) None of the above. 
A) prezygotic reproductive isolating mechanisms. 
B) a lack of F2 fitness. 
C) postzygotic isolating mechanisms. 
D) Two of these are correct. 
E) None of the above.

Question 11

Several species of Caribbean Anoline lizards have evolved from a single ancestral species.The species occupy a wide variety of ecological niches,such as tree trunks and the ground,or tree trunks only,or tree trunks and the crown of trees,etc.This type of allopatric speciation is called

Accepted Answer

A) adaptive radiation. 
B) alloploidy. 
C) autoploidy. 
D) hybridization. 
A) adaptive radiation. 
B) alloploidy. 
C) autoploidy. 
D) hybridization.

Question 12

In _________,proteins on the surface of the sperm are not able to bind to proteins on the surface of the egg.

Accepted Answer

A) temporal isolation 
B) behavioral isolation 
C) mechanical isolation 
D) gametic isolation 
A) temporal isolation 
B) behavioral isolation 
C) mechanical isolation 
D) gametic isolation

Question 13

The biological species concept relies mainly on ___________ to define a species.

Accepted Answer

A) reproductive isolation 
B) morphological differences 
C) the presence of analogous traits 
D) comparative biochemical analysis 
A) reproductive isolation 
B) morphological differences 
C) the presence of analogous traits 
D) comparative biochemical analysis

Question 14

Descriptions of new species of insects are more likely to contain diagrams of the shape of the male genitalia than head,wing,or leg parts.Why?

Accepted Answer

A) This is where mutations usually express themselves in animals. 
B) Radiation damage to genes usually occurs in genitalia. 
C) Small changes in the genitalia cause reproductive isolation while a single species can tolerate wider variation in head,wing,and leg morphology. 
D) Arthropods have hard exoskeletons so head,wing,and leg structures can't vary as much. 
E) This is the convention or custom of entomology. 
A) This is where mutations usually express themselves in animals. 
B) Radiation damage to genes usually occurs in genitalia. 
C) Small changes in the genitalia cause reproductive isolation while a single species can tolerate wider variation in head,wing,and leg morphology. 
D) Arthropods have hard exoskeletons so head,wing,and leg structures can't vary as much. 
E) This is the convention or custom of entomology.

Question 15

Male birds often perform a special dance or set of physical displays to attract females.This would be an example of a behavioral isolation mechanism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The DNA base sequence of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase gene has been used in addition to the biological species concept to identify species.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

A reproductive isolation mechanism includes any structural,functional,or behavioral characteristic that blocks reproductive ability.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

In some plants,the sperm can not reach the egg because the stigma prevents formation of the pollen tubes.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) temporal isolation. 
B) behavioral isolation. 
C) gametic isolation. 
D) mechanical isolation. 
A) temporal isolation. 
B) behavioral isolation. 
C) gametic isolation. 
D) mechanical isolation.

Question 19

______ is when one species splits into two species or when one species transforms into another over time.

Accepted Answer

A) Reproductive isolation 
B) Convergent evolution 
C) The founder effect 
D) Speciation 
E) Both reproductive isolation and speciation are correct. 
A) Reproductive isolation 
B) Convergent evolution 
C) The founder effect 
D) Speciation 
E) Both reproductive isolation and speciation are correct.

Question 20

Which of the following scenarios would most likely lead to adaptive radiation in a species?

Accepted Answer

A) An isolated patch of rainforest in the country of Belize is cut down.This changes the abiotic conditions that the bird that live in this habitat will be facing if they are to survive. 
B) A mutation occurred in a population of howler monkeys that increases their fitness. 
C) Females start mating more frequently with the males in the group that sing differently than the rest of the group. 
D) Adaptive radiation doesn't occur in populations since species are fixed. Correct 
A) An isolated patch of rainforest in the country of Belize is cut down.This changes the abiotic conditions that the bird that live in this habitat will be facing if they are to survive. 
B) A mutation occurred in a population of howler monkeys that increases their fitness. 
C) Females start mating more frequently with the males in the group that sing differently than the rest of the group. 
D) Adaptive radiation doesn't occur in populations since species are fixed. Correct

Exam 17: Speciation and Macroevolution

Reproductive isolation

Scientists developed the ____________ model after their studies of the fossil record revealed that some species appear quite suddenly and then remain essentially unchanged phenotypically for a long period of time.

Which figure depicts a punctuated equilibrium model of evolution?

Male fireflies are recognized by females of their species by the pattern of their flashings,while male crickets are recognized by females of their species by their chirping.These are examples of _____.

If macroevolution was goal oriented then organisms would be perfect in form and not have any flaws.

In which model of evolution are many transitional forms predicted?

The evolutionary species concept assumes that the members of a species are reproductively isolated.

Animal diversity is due to variations in the expression of ancient genes in addition to the evolution of new and different genes.

Diagnostic traits can be used to distinguish between species of living organisms only.

Isolating mechanisms that prevent reproductive attempts or make it unlikely that reproductive attempts will be successful are referred to as

Several species of Caribbean Anoline lizards have evolved from a single ancestral species.The species occupy a wide variety of ecological niches,such as tree trunks and the ground,or tree trunks only,or tree trunks and the crown of trees,etc.This type of allopatric speciation is called

In _________,proteins on the surface of the sperm are not able to bind to proteins on the surface of the egg.

The biological species concept relies mainly on ___________ to define a species.

Descriptions of new species of insects are more likely to contain diagrams of the shape of the male genitalia than head,wing,or leg parts.Why?

Male birds often perform a special dance or set of physical displays to attract females.This would be an example of a behavioral isolation mechanism.

The DNA base sequence of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase gene has been used in addition to the biological species concept to identify species.

A reproductive isolation mechanism includes any structural,functional,or behavioral characteristic that blocks reproductive ability.

In some plants,the sperm can not reach the egg because the stigma prevents formation of the pollen tubes.This is an example of

______ is when one species splits into two species or when one species transforms into another over time.

Which of the following scenarios would most likely lead to adaptive radiation in a species?

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