Question 1

_______ are to ribosomes as lipids are to _________.

Accepted Answer

A) carbohydrates; rough endoplasmic reticulum 
B) nucleoli; lysosomes 
C) sugars; peroxisomes 
D) proteins; smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
A) carbohydrates; rough endoplasmic reticulum 
B) nucleoli; lysosomes 
C) sugars; peroxisomes 
D) proteins; smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 2

Which is NOT true about the cell theory?

Accepted Answer

A) Its various parts were described by Schleiden,Schwann,and Virchow. 
B) It states that all organisms are composed of cells. 
C) It states that all cells come from preexisting cells. 
D) It states that bacteria and other small organisms can arise spontaneously. 
E) It is accepted today by biologists as applying to virtually all forms of life. 
A) Its various parts were described by Schleiden,Schwann,and Virchow. 
B) It states that all organisms are composed of cells. 
C) It states that all cells come from preexisting cells. 
D) It states that bacteria and other small organisms can arise spontaneously. 
E) It is accepted today by biologists as applying to virtually all forms of life.

Question 3

From your knowledge of the size and density of cell components and the process of centrifugation,predict the order (from first to last)that the nucleus and various cell organelles will be extracted?

Accepted Answer

A) ribosomes-mitochondria and chloroplasts-nucleus-soluble cytoplasm 
B) nucleus-mitochondria and chloroplasts-ribosomes-soluble cytoplasm 
C) nucleus-mitochondria and chloroplasts-soluble cytoplasm-ribosomes 
D) mitochondria and chloroplasts-nucleus-soluble cytoplasm-ribosomes 
E) soluble cytoplasm-ribosomes-mitochondria and chloroplasts-nucleus 
A) ribosomes-mitochondria and chloroplasts-nucleus-soluble cytoplasm 
B) nucleus-mitochondria and chloroplasts-ribosomes-soluble cytoplasm 
C) nucleus-mitochondria and chloroplasts-soluble cytoplasm-ribosomes 
D) mitochondria and chloroplasts-nucleus-soluble cytoplasm-ribosomes 
E) soluble cytoplasm-ribosomes-mitochondria and chloroplasts-nucleus

Question 4

The plant cell's central vacuole

Accepted Answer

A) provides the plant cell with support. 
B) stores nutrients and cellular waste products. 
C) is a reservoir for water. 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
A) provides the plant cell with support. 
B) stores nutrients and cellular waste products. 
C) is a reservoir for water. 
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 5

Which of the following features is unique to bacterial cells?

Accepted Answer

A) nucleoid region 
B) nucleus 
C) cell membrane 
D) cell wall 
E) ribosome 
A) nucleoid region 
B) nucleus 
C) cell membrane 
D) cell wall 
E) ribosome

Question 6

Which of the following organelles is found within an autotrophic,eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

A) lysosomes 
B) ribosomes 
C) rough endoplasmic reticulum 
D) chloroplast 
A) lysosomes 
B) ribosomes 
C) rough endoplasmic reticulum 
D) chloroplast

Question 7

Chloroplasts are to ____________ as ___________ are to aerobic respiration.

Accepted Answer

A) stroma,cristae 
B) photosynthesis,mitochondria 
C) thylakoid membranes,matrix 
D) protein synthesis,lysosomes 
A) stroma,cristae 
B) photosynthesis,mitochondria 
C) thylakoid membranes,matrix 
D) protein synthesis,lysosomes

Question 8

Which cytoskeletal element is NOT correctly associated with its characteristic?

Accepted Answer

A) Cilia are small extensions of membrane-surrounded microtubules. 
B) Microtubules are made up of a globular protein called tubulin. 
C) Centrioles are found in the microtubule organizing centers of plants. 
D) Flagella have a 9 + 2 pattern of microtubule structure. 
E) Basal bodies are located at the base of cilia and flagella. 
A) Cilia are small extensions of membrane-surrounded microtubules. 
B) Microtubules are made up of a globular protein called tubulin. 
C) Centrioles are found in the microtubule organizing centers of plants. 
D) Flagella have a 9 + 2 pattern of microtubule structure. 
E) Basal bodies are located at the base of cilia and flagella.

Question 9

Which statement is NOT true about bacterial anatomy?

Accepted Answer

A) The cell wall is located outside of the plasma membrane. 
B) The glycocalyx sheath is located inside the cell wall. 
C) There may be small rings of accessory DNA called plasmids. 
D) Bacteria may have fimbriae that help attach the bacteria to other structures. 
A) The cell wall is located outside of the plasma membrane. 
B) The glycocalyx sheath is located inside the cell wall. 
C) There may be small rings of accessory DNA called plasmids. 
D) Bacteria may have fimbriae that help attach the bacteria to other structures.

Question 10

According to the endosymbiosis theory _______ were engulfed by larger eukaryotic cells.

Accepted Answer

A) mitochondria 
B) Golgi apparatus 
C) lysosomes 
D) ribosomes 
A) mitochondria 
B) Golgi apparatus 
C) lysosomes 
D) ribosomes

Question 11

Which of the following help direct the movement of materials or organelles throughout the cell?

Accepted Answer

A) rough endoplasmic reticulum 
B) cytoskeleton 
C) smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
D) all of the choices are true 
A) rough endoplasmic reticulum 
B) cytoskeleton 
C) smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
D) all of the choices are true

Question 12

Which is a true statement about ribosomes?

Accepted Answer

A) Ribosomes contain DNA and protein. 
B) Ribosomes are active in carbohydrate synthesis. 
C) Ribosomal subunits leave the nucleus after being formed by the nucleolus. 
D) Polyribosomes are the subunits of ribosomes. 
E) Ribosomes are only found associated with the endoplasmic reticulum in prokaryotic cells. 
A) Ribosomes contain DNA and protein. 
B) Ribosomes are active in carbohydrate synthesis. 
C) Ribosomal subunits leave the nucleus after being formed by the nucleolus. 
D) Polyribosomes are the subunits of ribosomes. 
E) Ribosomes are only found associated with the endoplasmic reticulum in prokaryotic cells.

Question 13

Which cellular organelle is the most prominent?

Accepted Answer

A) nucleus 
B) nucleolus 
C) lysosome 
D) mitochondria 
A) nucleus 
B) nucleolus 
C) lysosome 
D) mitochondria

Question 14

Most bacteria live in a solution that is hypotonic relative to the cytoplasm of the bacteria.The cell wall of a bacterium is a peptidoglycan polymer that is tightly cross-linked.This would therefore function to

Accepted Answer

A) regulate the flow of most molecules into and out of the bacterial cell. 
B) provide a rigid wall that prevents the cell from swelling. 
C) provide a rigid wall that prevents the cell from shrinking. 
D) confirm a close relationship to plant cells that have a similar structure and live in hypotonic solutions. 
E) make all bacteria fairly uniform in metabolic chemistry. 
A) regulate the flow of most molecules into and out of the bacterial cell. 
B) provide a rigid wall that prevents the cell from swelling. 
C) provide a rigid wall that prevents the cell from shrinking. 
D) confirm a close relationship to plant cells that have a similar structure and live in hypotonic solutions. 
E) make all bacteria fairly uniform in metabolic chemistry.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT offered as evidence in support of the endosymbiotic theory,the belief that a eukaryotic cell has evolved as a "committee" of prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

A) Mitochondria and chloroplasts are similar in size and structure to some species of bacteria. 
B) The ribosomes of chloroplasts and mitochondria are similar to bacteria. 
C) Mitochondria and chloroplasts can actively break away from eukaryotic cells and live on their own. 
D) Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA coding separate from the eukaryotic nucleus. 
E) All of the choices offer support of the endosymbiotic theory. 
A) Mitochondria and chloroplasts are similar in size and structure to some species of bacteria. 
B) The ribosomes of chloroplasts and mitochondria are similar to bacteria. 
C) Mitochondria and chloroplasts can actively break away from eukaryotic cells and live on their own. 
D) Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA coding separate from the eukaryotic nucleus. 
E) All of the choices offer support of the endosymbiotic theory.

Question 16

Without a cytoskeleton,eukaryotic cells would NOT

Accepted Answer

A) synthesize protein. 
B) have an efficient way to transport materials from one organelle to another. 
C) have an efficient means of metabolism. 
D) communicate with adjacent cells. 
A) synthesize protein. 
B) have an efficient way to transport materials from one organelle to another. 
C) have an efficient means of metabolism. 
D) communicate with adjacent cells.

Question 17

During the sequencing of DNA into a protein,what is the first step?

Accepted Answer

A) mRNA is copied from a gene 
B) a ribosome attaches to the mRNA and signals protein synthesis 
C) SRP binds to the signal peptide to shut down synthesis 
D) an enzyme removes the signal peptide from the peptide chain 
A) mRNA is copied from a gene 
B) a ribosome attaches to the mRNA and signals protein synthesis 
C) SRP binds to the signal peptide to shut down synthesis 
D) an enzyme removes the signal peptide from the peptide chain

Question 18

Figure: Use Figures A,B and C to answer Questions 40 - 44.Figure A is an 8-cm.cube.Figure B is eight,4-cm cubes.Figure C is sixty-four,2-cm cubes.  
-What Figure has the greatest volume (height x width x length x number of cubes)?

Accepted Answer

A) Figure A 
B) Figure B 
C) Figure C 
D) All of these have the same volume. 
A) Figure A 
B) Figure B 
C) Figure C 
D) All of these have the same volume.

Question 19

A multicellular organism like a rabbit will be _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) composed of many cells that are all the same type. 
B) composed of a single cell. 
C) composed of a variety of different cell types. 
D) composed of one giant cell. 
A) composed of many cells that are all the same type. 
B) composed of a single cell. 
C) composed of a variety of different cell types. 
D) composed of one giant cell.

Question 20

Why is a large surface area: volume ratio needed for cells to function properly?

Accepted Answer

A) Adequate surface area (plasma membrane)is needed to furnish nutrients to and expel wastes from the volume (cytoplasm). 
B) Smaller volumes reduce and larger surface areas reduce the cell's ability to bring nutrients in and get rid of waste. 
C) A smaller surface area allows the cell to increase its metabolic activity by bringing in even more nutrients than larger surface areas. 
D) The surface area and volume increase at the rate to ensure cell growth and reproduction. 
A) Adequate surface area (plasma membrane)is needed to furnish nutrients to and expel wastes from the volume (cytoplasm). 
B) Smaller volumes reduce and larger surface areas reduce the cell's ability to bring nutrients in and get rid of waste. 
C) A smaller surface area allows the cell to increase its metabolic activity by bringing in even more nutrients than larger surface areas. 
D) The surface area and volume increase at the rate to ensure cell growth and reproduction.

Exam 4: Cell Structure and Function

_______ are to ribosomes as lipids are to _________.

Which is NOT true about the cell theory?

From your knowledge of the size and density of cell components and the process of centrifugation,predict the order (from first to last)that the nucleus and various cell organelles will be extracted?

The plant cell's central vacuole

Which of the following features is unique to bacterial cells?

Which of the following organelles is found within an autotrophic,eukaryotic cell?

Chloroplasts are to ____________ as ___________ are to aerobic respiration.

Which cytoskeletal element is NOT correctly associated with its characteristic?

Which statement is NOT true about bacterial anatomy?

According to the endosymbiosis theory _______ were engulfed by larger eukaryotic cells.

Which of the following help direct the movement of materials or organelles throughout the cell?

Which is a true statement about ribosomes?

Which cellular organelle is the most prominent?

Most bacteria live in a solution that is hypotonic relative to the cytoplasm of the bacteria.The cell wall of a bacterium is a peptidoglycan polymer that is tightly cross-linked.This would therefore function to

Which of the following is NOT offered as evidence in support of the endosymbiotic theory,the belief that a eukaryotic cell has evolved as a "committee" of prokaryotic cells?

Without a cytoskeleton,eukaryotic cells would NOT

During the sequencing of DNA into a protein,what is the first step?

Figure: Use Figures A,B and C to answer Questions 40 - 44.Figure A is an 8-cm.cube.Figure B is eight,4-cm cubes.Figure C is sixty-four,2-cm cubes. -What Figure has the greatest volume (height x width x length x number of cubes)?

A multicellular organism like a rabbit will be _______________.

Why is a large surface area: volume ratio needed for cells to function properly?

A View of Life

Basic Chemistry

The Chemistry of Organic Molecules

Membrane Structure and Function

Metabolism: Energy and Enzymes

Photosynthesis

Cellular Respiration

The Cell Cycle and Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Mendelian Patterns of Inheritance

Molecular Biology of the Gene

Regulation of Gene Expression

Biotechnology and Genomics

Darwin and Evolution

How Populations Evolve

Speciation and Macroevolution

Origin and History of Life

Taxonomy,systematics,and Phylogeny

Viruses,bacteria,and Archaea

Protist Evolution and Diversity

Fungi Evolution and Diversity

Plant Evolution and Diversity

Flowering Plants: Structure and Organization

Flowering Plants: Nutrition and Transport

Flowering Plants: Control of Growth Responses

Flowering Plants: Reproduction

Invertebrate Evolution

Vertebrate Evolution

Human Evolution

Animal Organization and Homeostasis

Circulation and Cardiovascular Systems

The Lymphatic and Immune Systems

Digestive Systems and Nutrition

Respiratory Systems

Body Fluid Regulation and Excretory Systems

Neurons and Nervous Systems

Sense Organs

Locomotion and Support Systems

Hormones and Endocrine Systems

Reproductive Systems

Animal Development

Behavioral Ecology

Population Ecology

Community and Ecosystem Ecology

Major Ecosystems of the Biosphere

Conservation of Biodiversity

Filters

_ are to ribosomes as lipids are to ___.

Chloroplasts are to __ as _ are to aerobic respiration.