Question 1

Needs and goals are:

Accepted Answer

A)  independent. 
B)  interdependent. 
C)  interactive. 
D)  autonomous. 
A)  independent. 
B)  interdependent. 
C)  interactive. 
D)  autonomous. B

Question 2

From the consumer's point of view, buying a fragrance to enhance her self-image is a perfectly rational form of consumer behaviour.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

When an individual cannot achieve a goal and establishes an alternative goal, this alternative is considered a:

Accepted Answer

A)  substitute goal. 
B)  failure. 
C)  frustration. 
D)  disaster. 
A)  substitute goal. 
B)  failure. 
C)  frustration. 
D)  disaster. A

Question 4

According to the hierarchy of needs theory developed by Maslow, self-actualisation needs refers to our desire to reach our full potential - to become everything we are capable of becoming.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Most human needs are never permanently or fully satisfied.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

In a marketing context, _______ imply that consumers select goals according to personal or subjective criteria like pride, fear, affection or status.

Accepted Answer

A)  rational motives 
B)  emotional motives 
C)  innate needs 
D)  substitute goals 
A)  rational motives 
B)  emotional motives 
C)  innate needs 
D)  substitute goals

Question 7

If a person tells her colleagues she wants to go on a holiday, without specifying where to, she is stating a _____ goal.

Accepted Answer

A)  product-specific 
B)  generic 
C)  stable 
D)  achievement 
A)  product-specific 
B)  generic 
C)  stable 
D)  achievement

Question 8

An ad showing a very expensive sports car may appeal to the ______ need, whereas a Volvo ad targets more traditional buyers by stressing the ______ need.

Accepted Answer

A)  ego; self-actualisation 
B)  ego; safety and security 
C)  security; social 
D)  self-actualisation; social 
A)  ego; self-actualisation 
B)  ego; safety and security 
C)  security; social 
D)  self-actualisation; social

Question 9

The science of semiotics is concerned with the conscious and subconscious meanings of:

Accepted Answer

A)  physical action. 
B)  advertisements. 
C)  non-verbal symbols. 
D)  marketing efforts. 
A)  physical action. 
B)  advertisements. 
C)  non-verbal symbols. 
D)  marketing efforts.

Question 10

Which of the following statements is false with regard to Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is some overlap between each level of needs. 
B)  All levels of needs below the level that is currently dominant continue to serve as a motivator to some extent. 
C)  The highest level of needs is the self-fulfilment need. 
D)  When a need is completely and fully satisfied, one moves on to a higher need. 
A)  There is some overlap between each level of needs. 
B)  All levels of needs below the level that is currently dominant continue to serve as a motivator to some extent. 
C)  The highest level of needs is the self-fulfilment need. 
D)  When a need is completely and fully satisfied, one moves on to a higher need.

Question 11

The needs for food, water and shelter are:

Accepted Answer

A)  acquired needs. 
B)  innate needs. 
C)  secondary needs. 
D)  product-specific needs. 
A)  acquired needs. 
B)  innate needs. 
C)  secondary needs. 
D)  product-specific needs.

Question 12

Savings accounts, insurance policies and vocational training are all means by which individuals satisfy the need for:

Accepted Answer

A)  self-actualisation. 
B)  self-esteem. 
C)  safety and security. 
D)  social needs. 
A)  self-actualisation. 
B)  self-esteem. 
C)  safety and security. 
D)  social needs.

Question 13

Some psychologists believe in the existence of a trio of basic needs: these are the needs for power, affiliation and domination.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Why is it hard to measure motives?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because motives are hypothetical constructs. 
B)  Measurement techniques often lack validity and reliability. 
C)  Motives are intangible. 
D)  All of the above. 
A)  Because motives are hypothetical constructs. 
B)  Measurement techniques often lack validity and reliability. 
C)  Motives are intangible. 
D)  All of the above.

Question 15

A fast-food commercial on TV, the sight or smell of bakery goods, and the end of a school day are examples of ______ cues that arouse the 'need' for food.

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive 
B)  emotional 
C)  environmental 
D)  physiological 
A)  cognitive 
B)  emotional 
C)  environmental 
D)  physiological

Question 16

According to Maslow, most people do not satisfy their ego needs sufficiently to move on to the fifth level - the need for self-actualisation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Give an example of an approach object and an example of an avoidance object.

Accepted Answer

Here the student could refer to exercisi

Question 18

______ is/are the basis of all modern marketing.

Accepted Answer

A)  Profit growth 
B)  Human needs 
C)  Technology 
D)  Psychology 
A)  Profit growth 
B)  Human needs 
C)  Technology 
D)  Psychology

Question 19

Our perception of ourselves also serves to influence the specific goals we select. The products we own, would like to own or would not like to own are often perceived in terms of how closely they reflect (are congruent with) our:

Accepted Answer

A)  opinions. 
B)  level of tension and drive. 
C)  self-image. 
D)  ego. 
A)  opinions. 
B)  level of tension and drive. 
C)  self-image. 
D)  ego.

Question 20

The feelings that can arise when a person cannot achieve a goal are:

Accepted Answer

A)  aggression. 
B)  substitute goal. 
C)  frustration. 
D)  defence mechanism. 
A)  aggression. 
B)  substitute goal. 
C)  frustration. 
D)  defence mechanism.

Needs and goals are:

From the consumer's point of view, buying a fragrance to enhance her self-image is a perfectly rational form of consumer behaviour.

When an individual cannot achieve a goal and establishes an alternative goal, this alternative is considered a:

According to the hierarchy of needs theory developed by Maslow, self-actualisation needs refers to our desire to reach our full potential - to become everything we are capable of becoming.

Most human needs are never permanently or fully satisfied.

In a marketing context, _______ imply that consumers select goals according to personal or subjective criteria like pride, fear, affection or status.

If a person tells her colleagues she wants to go on a holiday, without specifying where to, she is stating a _____ goal.

An ad showing a very expensive sports car may appeal to the need, whereas a Volvo ad targets more traditional buyers by stressing the need.

The science of semiotics is concerned with the conscious and subconscious meanings of:

Which of the following statements is false with regard to Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

The needs for food, water and shelter are:

Savings accounts, insurance policies and vocational training are all means by which individuals satisfy the need for:

Some psychologists believe in the existence of a trio of basic needs: these are the needs for power, affiliation and domination.

Why is it hard to measure motives?

A fast-food commercial on TV, the sight or smell of bakery goods, and the end of a school day are examples of ______ cues that arouse the 'need' for food.

According to Maslow, most people do not satisfy their ego needs sufficiently to move on to the fifth level - the need for self-actualisation.

Give an example of an approach object and an example of an avoidance object.

______ is/are the basis of all modern marketing.

Our perception of ourselves also serves to influence the specific goals we select. The products we own, would like to own or would not like to own are often perceived in terms of how closely they reflect (are congruent with) our:

The feelings that can arise when a person cannot achieve a goal are:

The foundations of consumer behaviour

Market segmentation: segmenting, targeting and positioning for diverse

Personality and self-concept

Consumer perception

Consumer learning and involvement

Consumer attitudes—attitude development and change

Social influences on consumer behaviour

The family

Social class and consumer behaviour

The influence of culture on consumer behaviour

Subcultural aspects of consumer behaviour

Cross-cultural consumer behaviour: An international perspective

Decision making

Consumer influence and diffusion of innovations

Public policy and consumer protection

Filters

Exam 3: Consumer needs and motivation

Needs and goals are:

From the consumer's point of view, buying a fragrance to enhance her self-image is a perfectly rational form of consumer behaviour.

When an individual cannot achieve a goal and establishes an alternative goal, this alternative is considered a:

According to the hierarchy of needs theory developed by Maslow, self-actualisation needs refers to our desire to reach our full potential - to become everything we are capable of becoming.

Most human needs are never permanently or fully satisfied.

In a marketing context, _______ imply that consumers select goals according to personal or subjective criteria like pride, fear, affection or status.

If a person tells her colleagues she wants to go on a holiday, without specifying where to, she is stating a _____ goal.

An ad showing a very expensive sports car may appeal to the ______ need, whereas a Volvo ad targets more traditional buyers by stressing the ______ need.

The science of semiotics is concerned with the conscious and subconscious meanings of:

Which of the following statements is false with regard to Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

The needs for food, water and shelter are:

Savings accounts, insurance policies and vocational training are all means by which individuals satisfy the need for:

Some psychologists believe in the existence of a trio of basic needs: these are the needs for power, affiliation and domination.

Why is it hard to measure motives?

A fast-food commercial on TV, the sight or smell of bakery goods, and the end of a school day are examples of ______ cues that arouse the 'need' for food.

According to Maslow, most people do not satisfy their ego needs sufficiently to move on to the fifth level - the need for self-actualisation.

Give an example of an approach object and an example of an avoidance object.

______ is/are the basis of all modern marketing.

Our perception of ourselves also serves to influence the specific goals we select. The products we own, would like to own or would not like to own are often perceived in terms of how closely they reflect (are congruent with) our:

The feelings that can arise when a person cannot achieve a goal are:

The foundations of consumer behaviour

Market segmentation: segmenting, targeting and positioning for diverse

Personality and self-concept

Consumer perception

Consumer learning and involvement

Consumer attitudes—attitude development and change

Social influences on consumer behaviour

The family

Social class and consumer behaviour

The influence of culture on consumer behaviour

Subcultural aspects of consumer behaviour

Cross-cultural consumer behaviour: An international perspective

Decision making

Consumer influence and diffusion of innovations

Public policy and consumer protection

Filters

An ad showing a very expensive sports car may appeal to the need, whereas a Volvo ad targets more traditional buyers by stressing the need.