Exam 6: Learning

A _____________ reinforcer is any reward that satisfies a basic,motivational need,such a hunger,thirst,or touch.

An important distinction between classical and operant conditioning is that:

Which of the following is true about the relationship between media violence and aggression?

Conditioning a response can take longer if the subject experiences the conditioned stimulus repeatedly before it is actually paired with a US.This phenomenon is known as _____.

In classical conditioning,the responses involved tend to be __________________,but in operant conditioning they are __________________.

An experimenter finds that a certain male subject always has an increased heartbeat when he sees a picture of a nude female.The experimenter sounds a buzzer and then presents such a picture.The experimenter repeats this procedure until the man responds with an increased heartbeat to the sound of the buzzer alone.In this situation the UNCONDITIONED response is the _______.

In classical conditioning,when a neutral stimulus is paired with a stimulus that naturally elicits a response,the neutral stimulus eventually elicits a similar response or becomes a/an _______ stimulus.

Bill hates to clean up after dinner.One night,he volunteers to bathe the dog before cleaning up.When he finishes with the dog and returns to the kitchen,his wife has cleaned everything up for him.Which of the following statements is most likely true?

Reacting to a stimulus that is similar to the one you have learned to react to is called ___________ .

The process by which a stimulus strengthens or increases the probability of the response that it follows is called ______________.

An experimenter finds that a certain male subject always has an increased heartbeat when he sees a picture of a nude female.The experimenter sounds a buzzer and then presents such a picture.The experimenter repeats this procedure until the man responds with an increased heartbeat to the sound of the buzzer alone.In this situation the unconditioned response (UR)is the _______________.

Why are heroin users more likely to overdose when they inject heroin someplace other than their usual location?

A reinforcer that adds something rewarding to a situation is called a ________ reinforcer.

Which of the following statements is true regarding corporal punishment?

A camp leader repeatedly hugs a camper after she helps her friend.Each time,the camper is embarrassed and shies away from future acts of assistance.In the example,"Hugging the camper" is _______.

One of the primary mechanisms that allows observational learning to take place is ______________,the recreating of a motor behavior or expression,often to accomplish a specific goal.

In classical conditioning,the process during which a neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus is known as _____.

An experiment finds that a certain male subject always has an increased heartbeat when he hears a certain piece of music.The experimenter sounds a buzzer and then plays the piece of music.The experimenter repeats this procedure until the man responds with an increased heartbeat to the sound of the buzzer alone.In this situation the UNCONDITIONED response is the:

A once neutral stimulus that elicits a conditioned response because it has a history of being paired with an unconditioned stimulus is known as a(n)_____.

Alan always turns the aquarium light on before putting fish food into the tank.After a while he notices that the fish swim to the top to look for the food as soon as he turns on the light.In this example,the __________ is the unconditioned stimulus (US).