Exam 6: Learning

In Pavlov's "salivating dogs" studies,the salivation triggered by the sound or tone was the ________________.

To teach a tiger to jump through a flaming hoop,the tiger is first reinforced for jumping up on a certain pedestal,then for leaping from that pedestal to another.Next the tiger has to jump through a hoop between the pedestals to get the reward.Finally,the hoop is set afire and the tiger must jump through it to get the reward.This is an example of __________ .

Studies of latent learning emphasize the importance of ______________ on learning.

Why are humans biologically prepared to fear snakes and not guns?

Which of the following is a secondary reinforcer?

Lucy hands all of her homework in to her psychology professor on time because she does not want to lose points for late work.This is an example of _____.

The rewarding property of reinforcing stimuli like food and sex is believed to be related to the activity of which brain structure?

When Luke kissed Laura,her heart rate increases.Luke always wore Old Spice After Shave.Whenever Laura smelled Old Spice,her heart would race.Laura's increased heart rate when she smelled Old Spice was the:

Instinctive or involuntary behavior would probably be BEST modified by ___________ .

Thorndike conducted research on ______________.

Most young children put their hands over their ears when they hear the loud boom of firecrackers at a Fourth of July festival,but at first pay scant attention to the person lighting the firecrackers.However,after just a few firecrackers have been exploded,some of the children put their hands over their ears as soon as they see the person approach the firecracker with a match! What is the conditioned stimulus?

In classical conditioning the stimulus that normally evokes an automatic response even without new learning is called the:

B.F.Skinner rigged the cages of pigeons so that food was delivered every 15 seconds.Within a short time most of the pigeons were practicing some sort of consistent behavior,even though the behavior did not have any effect on the delivery of the reinforcer.The birds were:

Operant conditioning occurs when a stimulus that resembles the conditioned stimulus elicits the conditioned response.

Every week,Jade spends her allowance on ½ pound of sour lemon gummy candies even though they always make her mouth water.One day,as she is walking down the street,Jade sees a girl carrying a little white bag that looks like a candy shop bag! Jade notices that her mouth is puckering and overflowing with saliv a.In this example,the unconditioned stimulus is the:

Extinction is the result of forgetting.

How does one know he/she has classically conditioned a person or an animal?

This is the first exam you have ever taken in Professor Smith's class.You know nothing about her tests,and she has never done anything harmful to you or anyone else.Nonetheless,you are anxious about the test.Your anxiety in this situation is an example of:

At the National Zoological Park in Washington,D.C.,a polar bear suffered a broken tooth,and keepers needed a safe way of treating the problem.The bear was rewarded first for sticking its nose through a slot in the cage door,then for allowing a keeper to lift its lip and touch its teeth.Finally,a veterinarian was able to treat the damaged tooth while the bear waited placidly for its familiar reward.This is an example of _______.

In classical conditioning,one must pair the _______ before conditioning can occur.