Why is a σ bond formed from the overlap of two sp2 orbitals stronger than one formed from the end-on-end overlap of two p orbitals?

Generally speaking,hybrid orbital theory

Which CF1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10C bond in the molecule below is formed from overlap of two 2p orbitals?

A) The C1F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10C2 σ bond B) The C1F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10C2 π bond C) The C3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10C4 σ bond D) The C3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10C4 π bond E) The C4F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10C5 σ bond A) The C1F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10C2 σ bond B) The C1F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10C2 π bond C) The C3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10C4 σ bond D) The C3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10C4 π bond E) The C4F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10C5 σ bond

Given below are 2s,2p,sp,sp2,and sp3 orbitals,in random order.Which of these orbitals exhibits 33% s character?

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

Which CF1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10C bond in the molecule below is formed from overlap of an sp3 orbital and an sp2 orbital?

A) The C1F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10C2 σ bond B) The C1F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10C2 π bond C) The C3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10C4 σ bond D) The C3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10C4 π bond E) The C4F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10C5 σ bond A) The C1F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10C2 σ bond B) The C1F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10C2 π bond C) The C3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10C4 σ bond D) The C3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10C4 π bond E) The C4F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10C5 σ bond

Exam 5: Orbital Interactions 1: Hybridization and Two-Center Molecular Orbitals

Explore all topics

Why is a σ bond formed from the overlap of two sp² orbitals stronger than one formed from the end-on-end overlap of two p orbitals?

(Essay)

4.8/5

(28)

Question 21

Sketch an orbital picture of ethylene,H₂C CH₂,and highlight the orbitals that overlap to form each σ and π bond.Identify the orbitals from each atom that overlap to form the σ and π bonds.Why is the CC π bond weaker than the CC σ bond? Use orbital structure as part of your explanation.

(Essay)

4.8/5

(40)

Question 22

Which CC bond in the molecule below is formed from overlap of two 2p orbitals?

(Multiple Choice)

4.8/5

(45)

Question 23

Consider the hybrid structure below and the labeling scheme provided.Draw the most stable resonance contributor.Identify the hybridization and VSEPR geometry of each atom.

(Essay)

4.8/5

(44)

Question 24

For one or more of the following molecules,two distinct configurations about the double bond are possible,and the two alkyl substituents are trans.Select the molecule or molecules that fit this description.

(Multiple Choice)

4.8/5

(30)

Question 25

Given below are 2s,2p,sp,sp²,and sp³ orbitals,all drawn to scale and in no particular order.Which of these orbitals would carbon use for a CO π bond?

(Multiple Choice)

4.7/5

(41)

Question 26

Compare the p orbital orientation and overlap needed to form a σ bond and a π bond.Using an example,create a diagram for each type of bond,and differentiate between σ and π bond characteristics.

(Short Answer)

5.0/5

(42)

Question 27

Which two atomic orbitals overlap to form the MOs of σ symmetry that correspond to the CC bond in ethylene?

(Multiple Choice)

5.0/5

(45)

Question 28

Which two carbon atoms participate in the strongest σ bond?

(Multiple Choice)

4.9/5

(33)

Question 29

How many total electrons reside in molecular orbitals of π symmetry for this molecule?

(Multiple Choice)

4.8/5

(27)

Question 30

Tubulysin D is a peptide-based marine natural product with biological activity.Identify the following structural features of tubulysin D. (a) Place a box around any sp³ nitrogen. (b) Star (*)any oxygen atom that has two oxygen lone pairs in sp²-hybridized orbitals. (c) Place a number symbol (#)on any oxygen atom that is sp² hybridized as a consequence of having a lone pair in a 2p orbital. (d) Use an arrow to point to any N atom that has trigonal planar geometry.

(Short Answer)

4.8/5

(37)

Question 31

Which of the following functional groups has a lone pair residing in an sp-hybridized orbital?

(Multiple Choice)

4.8/5

(34)

Question 32

Which characteristics describe the bonding MO for the weakest individual covalent bond in ethene,C₂H₄? I. The MO possesses π symmetry. II.The MO possesses σ symmetry. III.The MO can be called the HOMO. IV.The MO can be called the LUMO. V.The MO contains two electrons of opposing spin.

(Multiple Choice)

4.7/5

(33)

Question 33

Amide bonds join amino acids together to make proteins.Sketch an orbital picture of the amide functional group given below.Identify the orbitals from each atom that are used to form the σ and π bonds in the given amide.Which orbitals house the lone pairs on N and O?

(Essay)

4.8/5

(39)

Question 34

Given below are 2s,2p,sp,sp²,and sp³ orbitals,all drawn to scale and in no particular order.Which of these orbitals represents the hybrid orbital with the greatest effective electronegativity?

(Multiple Choice)

4.8/5

(50)

Question 35

Given below are 2s,2p,sp,sp²,and sp³ orbitals,in random order.Which of these orbitals exhibits 33% s character?

(Multiple Choice)

4.9/5

(35)

Question 36

Which CC bond in the molecule below is formed from overlap of an sp³ orbital and an sp² orbital?

(Multiple Choice)

5.0/5

(43)

Question 37

What abbreviation is used to designate the molecular orbital of highest energy that is occupied with electrons?

(Multiple Choice)

4.9/5

(39)

Question 38

Which two carbon atoms participate in the longest σ bond?

(Multiple Choice)

5.0/5

(34)

Question 39

Draw line structures of a molecule with the formula C₅H₁₁N that has the characteristics outlined in (a),(b),and (c)below. (a) An sp² nitrogen atom with a conjugated lone pair,one methyl substituent,and one ethyl substituent (b) A disubstituted trans alkene and a primary amine with an sp³ nitrogen connected to an sp³ carbon (c) A three-membered ring containing a secondary sp³ nitrogen with cis methyl and ethyl substituents on the ring

(Short Answer)

4.8/5

(42)

Question 40

Showing 21 - 40 of 56

Exam 5: Orbital Interactions 1: Hybridization and Two-Center Molecular Orbitals

Why is a σ bond formed from the overlap of two sp2 orbitals stronger than one formed from the end-on-end overlap of two p orbitals?

Which CC bond in the molecule below is formed from overlap of two 2p orbitals?

Consider the hybrid structure below and the labeling scheme provided.Draw the most stable resonance contributor.Identify the hybridization and VSEPR geometry of each atom.

For one or more of the following molecules,two distinct configurations about the double bond are possible,and the two alkyl substituents are trans.Select the molecule or molecules that fit this description.

Given below are 2s,2p,sp,sp2,and sp3 orbitals,all drawn to scale and in no particular order.Which of these orbitals would carbon use for a CO π bond?

Compare the p orbital orientation and overlap needed to form a σ bond and a π bond.Using an example,create a diagram for each type of bond,and differentiate between σ and π bond characteristics.

Which two atomic orbitals overlap to form the MOs of σ symmetry that correspond to the CC bond in ethylene?

Which two carbon atoms participate in the strongest σ bond?

How many total electrons reside in molecular orbitals of π symmetry for this molecule?

Which of the following functional groups has a lone pair residing in an sp-hybridized orbital?

Which characteristics describe the bonding MO for the weakest individual covalent bond in ethene,C2H4? I. The MO possesses π symmetry. II.The MO possesses σ symmetry. III.The MO can be called the HOMO. IV.The MO can be called the LUMO. V.The MO contains two electrons of opposing spin.

Amide bonds join amino acids together to make proteins.Sketch an orbital picture of the amide functional group given below.Identify the orbitals from each atom that are used to form the σ and π bonds in the given amide.Which orbitals house the lone pairs on N and O?

Given below are 2s,2p,sp,sp2,and sp3 orbitals,all drawn to scale and in no particular order.Which of these orbitals represents the hybrid orbital with the greatest effective electronegativity?

Given below are 2s,2p,sp,sp2,and sp3 orbitals,in random order.Which of these orbitals exhibits 33% s character?

Which CC bond in the molecule below is formed from overlap of an sp3 orbital and an sp2 orbital?

What abbreviation is used to designate the molecular orbital of highest energy that is occupied with electrons?

Which two carbon atoms participate in the longest σ bond?

Atomic and Molecular Structure

Interchapter: Nomenclature 1-4

Interchapter 1molecular Orbital Theory and Chemical Reactions

Three-Dimensional Geometry,intermolecular Interactions,and Physical Properties

Isomerism 1: Conformational and Constitutional Isomers

Isomerism 2: Chirality,enantiomers,and Diastereomers

The Proton Transfer Reaction: an Introduction to Mechanisms,thermodynamics,and Charge Stability

An Overview of the Most Common Elementary Steps

An Introduction to Multistep Mechanisms: Sn1 and E1 Reactions

Nucleophilic Substitution and Elimination Reactions 1: Competition Among Sn2,sn1,e2,and E1 Reactions

Nucleophilic Substitution and Elimination Reactions 2: Reactions That Are Useful for Synthesis

Electrophilic Addition to Nonpolar Π Bonds 1: Addition of a Brønsted Acid

Electrophilic Addition to Nonpolar Π Bonds 2: Reactions Involving Cyclic Transition States

Organic Synthesis 1: Beginning Concepts

Orbital Interactions 2: Extended Π Systems,conjugation,and Aromaticity

Structure Determination 1: Ultravioletvisible and Infrared Spectroscopies

Structure Determination 2: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry

Nucleophilic Addition to Polar Π Bonds 1: Addition of Strong Nucleophiles

Nucleophilic Addition to Polar Π Bonds 2: Addition of Weak Nucleophiles and Acid and Base Catalysis

Organic Synthesis 2: Intermediate Topics in Synthesis Design,and Useful Reduction and Oxidation Reactions

Nucleophilic Additionelimination Reactions 1: the General Mechanism Involving Strong Nucleophiles

Nucleophilic Additionelimination Reactions 2: Weak Nucleophiles

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution 1: Substitution on Benzene; Useful Accompanying Reactions

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution 2: Substitution on Mono- and Disubstituted Benzene and Other Aromatic Rings

The Dielsalder Reaction and Other Pericyclic Reactions

Reactions Involving Free Radicals

Polymers

Filters

Why is a σ bond formed from the overlap of two sp² orbitals stronger than one formed from the end-on-end overlap of two p orbitals?

Given below are 2s,2p,sp,sp²,and sp³ orbitals,all drawn to scale and in no particular order.Which of these orbitals would carbon use for a CO π bond?

Which characteristics describe the bonding MO for the weakest individual covalent bond in ethene,C₂H₄? I. The MO possesses π symmetry. II.The MO possesses σ symmetry. III.The MO can be called the HOMO. IV.The MO can be called the LUMO. V.The MO contains two electrons of opposing spin.

Given below are 2s,2p,sp,sp²,and sp³ orbitals,all drawn to scale and in no particular order.Which of these orbitals represents the hybrid orbital with the greatest effective electronegativity?

Given below are 2s,2p,sp,sp²,and sp³ orbitals,in random order.Which of these orbitals exhibits 33% s character?

Which CC bond in the molecule below is formed from overlap of an sp³ orbital and an sp² orbital?