Exam 7: Exstintion: Learning and Conditioning

What is the distinction between primary and secondary reinforcers?

Which of the following is NOT true about B.F.Skinner?

When Keller and Marian Breland,two psychologists who became animal trainers,decided that it would be cute to have a pig drop a big wooden coin into a box,they found that:

Extinction is a procedure that causes a previously learned response to strengthen.

Deciding whether to provide continuous reinforcement,or one of the intermittent schedules of reinforcement,is an important issue in effective operant conditioning.If you want a response to persist after it has been learned,what schedule would best suit your needs? Paige wants to make sure that her roommate,Kelly,continues to keep clutter off Paige's desk now that Kelly has learned to keep it clutter-free.Describe a schedule of reinforcement that would be effective given Paige's goal.

Which of the following factors is NOT true with regard to the effectiveness of punishment?

Stimulus generalization has occurred if a child learns to fear spiders and then responds to beetles with fear.

Having a gold star placed on one's spelling quiz would be a secondary reinforcer.

The proverb "He who hath been bitten by a snake fears a rope" illustrates _______________.

_____________ reinforcement occurs when you escape from something unpleasant.

John Watson and his colleague,Rosalie Rayner,showed Little Albert a live white rat.Albert:

Shortly after Martin and his wife ate filet mignon with béarnaise sauce,Martin fell ill with the flu. Classical conditioning occurred,and _______________ became a conditioned stimulus for nausea.

Immediate punishment of self-destructive behavior,such as tearing out one's hair,is effective.

The process by which a stimulus strengthens or increases the probability of the response that it follows is called:

Peter was a 3-year-old who was deathly afraid of rabbits.In classical conditioning terms,rabbits had become a/an:

In Skinner's analysis,an operant behavior can lead to two types of consequences.Describe these two consequences.

In classical conditioning,the responses involved tend to be _______________,but in operant conditioning they are _______________.

Any relatively permanent change in behavior that occurs because of experience is called:

Using shaping and other techniques,Skinner was able to train pigeons to "bowl" in a miniature bowling alley.

_______________ is an operant-conditioning procedure in which successive approximations of a desired response are reinforced.