Exam 7: Exstintion: Learning and Conditioning

Economists have shown that financial rewards do not undermine moral reasons for complying with social norms.

What situation led Keller and Marian Breland to propose the concept of instinctive drift?

You classically condition your dog Milo to salivate when middle C is played on the piano,but you find that he also salivates when middle C is played on the guitar.You make a point of playing C on the guitar and not giving Milo any food afterward,whereas you do sometimes give him food after you play C on the piano.After a few days,Milo stops salivating when C is played on the guitar but continues to salivate when it is played on the piano.This phenomenon is known as:

Learning to respond correctly when a discriminative stimulus is present is an essential part of a person's socialization.

Learning that is not immediately expressed in performance is called:

When he was sixteen,Jonas's girlfriend drove a small,yellow convertible,and just the sight of it in the high school parking lot sent his heart racing with excitement.After they broke up,he thought of her with fond memories but his heart stopped racing at the sight of her car.Jonas is quite surprised,then,when he sees a similar car at college and his heart races and his pulse pounds! What principles of learning explain Jonas's reactions?

When words are paired with objects or other words that already elicit some emotional response,they may come to elicit that response.This would be an example of:

Intrinsic rewards can undermine the pleasure of doing something for its own sake.

You train your dog Milo to salivate to the sound of a bell.Then you ring the bell every five minutes and don't follow the ringing with food for Milo.He salivates less and less and finally stops salivating at all when the bell rings.But the next morning,when you ring the bell,Milo salivates! What term is used to explain the reappearance of this response?

Brett's mom keeps a chart on his bedroom wall and adds a gold star for each day that his room is clean.His mom is using _______________ to strengthen the response.

If you give your child a quarter every time he makes his bed,you are using:

After a child learns to fear spiders,he also responds with fear to ants and beetles.This is an example of:

Isabel's parents want to reinforce her for cleaning her room,but Isabel never cleans it.The solution to this dilemma is to:

All principles of conditioning are limited by an animal's genetic dispositions and physical characteristics.

How do most behaviorists believe that secondary reinforcers acquire their abilities to influence behaviors?

When a stimulus,similar to the conditioned stimulus,fails to evoke the conditioned response,then stimulus generalization has occurred.

Aiden is afraid of the bath and so his father puts two inches of water in the tub and gives Aiden a popsicle to eat while Daddy washes Aiden's back.This is an example of:

In the process of shaping,behaviors are ordered in terms of increasing similarity to the desired response.These behaviors are called:

What actually is learned in classical conditioning is:

To change your own behavior,it is important to do all of the following EXCEPT: