Exam 5: A: Individuals in Organizations

Employees tend to distort upward information,saying what they think will please their supervisors.

A symmetrical network link is present when persons unequally exchange information during an interaction.

Predispositions for oral communication have not been related to occupation choice,job satisfaction,productivity,advancement,or job retention.

Nonparticipants are formal members of groups who participate in linked communication behaviors but who are not usually in liaison or bridge roles.

Salancik and Pfeffer suggest the individual's perception of job/task characteristics influences their basic attitudes or needs.

Criticizing personal style rather than messages does not interfere with our ability to accurately listen.

The supervisory-employee relationship can be described as the primary interpersonal relationship structured by the organization.

Listening extends the hearing process to the assignment of meaning to sounds.

The thought speed/speech speed differential can be a barrier to effective listening or can be used to improve our listening effectiveness.

Herzberg's theory suggests motivational communication is more likely to be effective when directed to achievement,recognition,challenging work,increased responsibility,and growth and development.

Salancik and Pfeffer propose that a person's needs and attitudes are determined by the information available to them at any given time.

The factors Herzberg found to be motivational were work itself,achievement,growth and responsibility,recognition,and advancement.

Descriptive language should only be used when evaluative language has failed to clearly communicate a message.

According to Abraham Maslow,individuals focus attention on needs that are not met and are motivated to seek satisfaction of those needs.

Evaluative language users talk about facts,events,and behavior not attitudes,blame,or other subjective and vague concepts.

Relationships with peers are primarily task-oriented.

Communication apprehension has been found to be meaningfully associated with such important organizational outcomes as occupation choice,perception of competence,job satisfaction,advancement,and job retention.

Message ownership refers to attempts to communicate personal perceptions and feelings without attempting to establish blame or find unnecessary corroboration.

Liaisons link or connect groups with common information while being a member of one group.

Listening and hearing are the same thing.