Question 1

Compared to children who have poor-quality relationships with their parents, those who have high-quality relationship with their parents:

Accepted Answer

A)  do not differ on any measure of emotional development. 
B)  develop more positive emotion. 
C)  are more advanced in their understanding of emotion. 
D)  develop more positive emotion and are more advanced in their understanding of emotion. 
A)  do not differ on any measure of emotional development. 
B)  develop more positive emotion. 
C)  are more advanced in their understanding of emotion. 
D)  develop more positive emotion and are more advanced in their understanding of emotion.

Question 2

Which list is the chronological order (from earliest to latest) in which children are able to identify emotions in others?

Accepted Answer

A)  anger/fear, happiness, sadness, self-conscious emotions 
B)  happiness, self-conscious emotions, sadness, anger/fear 
C)  happiness, sadness, anger/fear, self-conscious emotions 
D)  self-conscious emotions, anger/fear, happiness, sadness 
A)  anger/fear, happiness, sadness, self-conscious emotions 
B)  happiness, self-conscious emotions, sadness, anger/fear 
C)  happiness, sadness, anger/fear, self-conscious emotions 
D)  self-conscious emotions, anger/fear, happiness, sadness

Question 3

Which statement is the BEST advice to give parents who would like to foster positive emotional development in their children?

Accepted Answer

A)  Demonstrate that others experience the emotions that children themselves feel by expressing a wide variety of intense emotions. 
B)  Teach children about the circumstances in which emotions should and should not be expressed and the consequences of expressing and not expressing them. 
C)  Ensure that children will be able to relate to the discussion by talking to children about anger during a serious family conflict. 
D)  Discuss the futility of displaying negative emotion so that children will understand parents' disapproval of these displays. 
A)  Demonstrate that others experience the emotions that children themselves feel by expressing a wide variety of intense emotions. 
B)  Teach children about the circumstances in which emotions should and should not be expressed and the consequences of expressing and not expressing them. 
C)  Ensure that children will be able to relate to the discussion by talking to children about anger during a serious family conflict. 
D)  Discuss the futility of displaying negative emotion so that children will understand parents' disapproval of these displays.

Question 4

Walter Mischel's procedure in which preschool children were asked to wait for a considerable amount of time in order to receive a greater number of treats was designed to assess which characteristic?

Accepted Answer

A)  intelligence 
B)  attentiveness 
C)  delay of gratification 
D)  social competence 
A)  intelligence 
B)  attentiveness 
C)  delay of gratification 
D)  social competence

Question 5

_____ is(are) NOT a characteristic of guilt.

Accepted Answer

A)  Feelings of remorse 
B)  Regret about one's behaviour 
C)  Empathy for the injured party 
D)  Feelings of exposure and degradation 
A)  Feelings of remorse 
B)  Regret about one's behaviour 
C)  Empathy for the injured party 
D)  Feelings of exposure and degradation

Question 6

Which statement about the later adjustment of children with difficult temperaments and those exhibiting behavioural inhibition is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Children with difficult temperaments and children exhibiting behavioural inhibition both tend to have similar adjustment problems in adolescence and adulthood. 
B)  Behaviourally inhibited children tend to have no later adjustment problems. 
C)  Girls with difficult temperaments and boys who are behaviourally inhibited tend to have fewer problems than do girls who are behaviourally inhibited and boys with difficult temperaments. 
D)  Children with difficult temperaments and children exhibiting behavioural inhibition both tend to have later adjustment problems, but the types of problems they tend to have are different. 
A)  Children with difficult temperaments and children exhibiting behavioural inhibition both tend to have similar adjustment problems in adolescence and adulthood. 
B)  Behaviourally inhibited children tend to have no later adjustment problems. 
C)  Girls with difficult temperaments and boys who are behaviourally inhibited tend to have fewer problems than do girls who are behaviourally inhibited and boys with difficult temperaments. 
D)  Children with difficult temperaments and children exhibiting behavioural inhibition both tend to have later adjustment problems, but the types of problems they tend to have are different.

Question 7

Which scenario describes a social smile?

Accepted Answer

A)  Newborn Timmy smiles during his sleep. 
B)  At 3 months, Indira smiles when her father talks to her. 
C)  Alexa smiles at 1 month when her mother strokes her cheek. 
D)  All of the scenarios describe a social smile. 
A)  Newborn Timmy smiles during his sleep. 
B)  At 3 months, Indira smiles when her father talks to her. 
C)  Alexa smiles at 1 month when her mother strokes her cheek. 
D)  All of the scenarios describe a social smile.

Question 8

Which statement about temperament is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Temperament includes emotional intelligence. 
B)  Temperament only involves socialized traits. 
C)  Temperament is typically viewed as including social skills. 
D)  Temperament can be affected by prenatal environment. 
A)  Temperament includes emotional intelligence. 
B)  Temperament only involves socialized traits. 
C)  Temperament is typically viewed as including social skills. 
D)  Temperament can be affected by prenatal environment.

Question 9

Of these children, which typically mentions emotions such as happiness, sadness, anger, and fear in appropriate ways within conversation?

Accepted Answer

A)  2-year-old Penny 
B)  5-year-old Jake 
C)  8-year-old Breanne 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  2-year-old Penny 
B)  5-year-old Jake 
C)  8-year-old Breanne 
D)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 10

Individual differences in emotional, motor, and attentional reactivity and self-regulation that occur early in life are referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  personality. 
B)  socialization. 
C)  temperament. 
D)  emotional regulation. 
A)  personality. 
B)  socialization. 
C)  temperament. 
D)  emotional regulation.

Question 11

Which aspect of temperament is particularly strong in adolescence?

Accepted Answer

A)  emotional regulation 
B)  attentional reactivity 
C)  incentive motivation 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  emotional regulation 
B)  attentional reactivity 
C)  incentive motivation 
D)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 12

Which emotional regulation strategy would an older child be LEAST likely to attempt?

Accepted Answer

A)  trying to see negative things in a positive light 
B)  mental distraction 
C)  self-soothing 
D)  thinking about the meaning of events in a different light 
A)  trying to see negative things in a positive light 
B)  mental distraction 
C)  self-soothing 
D)  thinking about the meaning of events in a different light

Question 13

Twins Sheree and Caitlin, who are 3 years old, each just successfully completed a jigsaw puzzle. Sheree's puzzle was simple, and she completed it easily. Caitlin's puzzle was more difficult, and it took a lot of effort for her to complete it. Which twin is more likely to experience pride in her accomplishment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sheree is more likely than Caitlin to experience pride. 
B)  Caitlin is more likely than Sheree to experience pride. 
C)  Sheree and Caitlin are equally likely to experience pride. 
D)  Neither Sheree nor Caitlin is likely to experience pride because they are both too young. 
A)  Sheree is more likely than Caitlin to experience pride. 
B)  Caitlin is more likely than Sheree to experience pride. 
C)  Sheree and Caitlin are equally likely to experience pride. 
D)  Neither Sheree nor Caitlin is likely to experience pride because they are both too young.

Question 14

Social referencing refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  the ability to understand others' emotions. 
B)  the use of a caregiver's cues to decide how to respond to an ambiguous situation. 
C)  smiles directed at people rather than at objects. 
D)  patterns of sociability and emotionality learned from significant others. 
A)  the ability to understand others' emotions. 
B)  the use of a caregiver's cues to decide how to respond to an ambiguous situation. 
C)  smiles directed at people rather than at objects. 
D)  patterns of sociability and emotionality learned from significant others.

Question 15

_____ is NOT considered to be part of emotional intelligence.

Accepted Answer

A)  Persistence 
B)  Ability to delay gratification 
C)  Empathy 
D)  Verbal fluency 
A)  Persistence 
B)  Ability to delay gratification 
C)  Empathy 
D)  Verbal fluency

Question 16

Older infants commonly express fear toward:

Accepted Answer

A)  strangers. 
B)  loud noises. 
C)  sudden movements by objects. 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  strangers. 
B)  loud noises. 
C)  sudden movements by objects. 
D)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 17

Newborns' emotions are MOST frequently regulated in which way?

Accepted Answer

A)  by intentionally averting their gaze in distressing situations 
B)  through self-soothing 
C)  through other people's attempts to soothe and distract the baby 
D)  by initiating the "fight or flight" response 
A)  by intentionally averting their gaze in distressing situations 
B)  through self-soothing 
C)  through other people's attempts to soothe and distract the baby 
D)  by initiating the "fight or flight" response

Question 18

Which factor is NOT associated with higher levels of depression or depressive symptoms?

Accepted Answer

A)  being a girl 
B)  being of higher socioeconomic status 
C)  thinking about the negative consequences of one's symptoms 
D)  having a mother who is depressed 
A)  being a girl 
B)  being of higher socioeconomic status 
C)  thinking about the negative consequences of one's symptoms 
D)  having a mother who is depressed

Question 19

Of hunger, pain, and separation from the primary caregiver, which emotion(s) do newborns express?

Accepted Answer

A)  hunger only 
B)  pain only 
C)  hunger, pain, and separation from the primary caregiver 
D)  both hunger and pain 
A)  hunger only 
B)  pain only 
C)  hunger, pain, and separation from the primary caregiver 
D)  both hunger and pain

Question 20

Which theory specifically addresses how emotional reactions develop differently for each individual, based on biological and cognitive capacities and experience?

Accepted Answer

A)  fundamentalist approach 
B)  Sroufe's view of emotion 
C)  dynamic-systems perspective 
D)  discrete emotions theory 
A)  fundamentalist approach 
B)  Sroufe's view of emotion 
C)  dynamic-systems perspective 
D)  discrete emotions theory

Exam 10: Section 2: Emotional Development

Compared to children who have poor-quality relationships with their parents, those who have high-quality relationship with their parents:

Which list is the chronological order (from earliest to latest) in which children are able to identify emotions in others?

Which statement is the BEST advice to give parents who would like to foster positive emotional development in their children?

Walter Mischel's procedure in which preschool children were asked to wait for a considerable amount of time in order to receive a greater number of treats was designed to assess which characteristic?

_____ is(are) NOT a characteristic of guilt.

Which statement about the later adjustment of children with difficult temperaments and those exhibiting behavioural inhibition is true?

Which scenario describes a social smile?

Which statement about temperament is true?

Of these children, which typically mentions emotions such as happiness, sadness, anger, and fear in appropriate ways within conversation?

Individual differences in emotional, motor, and attentional reactivity and self-regulation that occur early in life are referred to as:

Which aspect of temperament is particularly strong in adolescence?

Which emotional regulation strategy would an older child be LEAST likely to attempt?

Social referencing refers to:

_____ is NOT considered to be part of emotional intelligence.

Older infants commonly express fear toward:

Newborns' emotions are MOST frequently regulated in which way?

Which factor is NOT associated with higher levels of depression or depressive symptoms?

Of hunger, pain, and separation from the primary caregiver, which emotion(s) do newborns express?

Which theory specifically addresses how emotional reactions develop differently for each individual, based on biological and cognitive capacities and experience?

Section 1: An Introduction to Child Development

Section 2: An Introduction to Child Development

Section 1: Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Section 2: Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Section 1: Biology and Behavior

Section 2: Biology and Behavior

Section 1: Theories of Cognitive Development

Section 2: Theories of Cognitive Development

Seeing, Thinking, and Doing in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Section 1: Conceptual Development

Section 2: Conceptual Development

Section 1: Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Section 2: Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Section 1: Theories of Social Development

Section 2: Theories of Social Development

Section 1: Emotional Development

Section 1: Attachment to Others and Development of Self

Section 2: Attachment to Others and Development of Self

Section 1: The Family

Section 2: The Family

Section 1: Peer Relationship

Section 2: Peer Relationship

Section 1: Moral Development

Section 2: Moral Development

Section 1: Gender Development

Section 2: Gender Development

Section 1: Conclusions

Section 2: Conclusions

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