Question 1

Which category level are parents LEAST likely to directly teach their children?

Accepted Answer

A)  superordinate 
B)  subordinate 
C)  basic 
D)  supersubordinate 
A)  superordinate 
B)  subordinate 
C)  basic 
D)  supersubordinate

Question 2

Andrew, who is 3 years old, is shown a box with candy on it and asked to guess what is in the box. Andrew responds "candy." The box is then opened and he is shown that it actually contains crayons, not candy. When Andrew is asked how his 3-year-old friend will respond when asked what is in the same box, what will Andrew say?

Accepted Answer

A)  "He will think it's candy." 
B)  "He will not know." 
C)  "He will think it's crayons." 
D)  "He will think it's crayons and candy." 
A)  "He will think it's candy." 
B)  "He will not know." 
C)  "He will think it's crayons." 
D)  "He will think it's crayons and candy."

Question 3

By the age of _____ years, the majority of children understand that human beings are animals that are similar in many ways to other animals.

Accepted Answer

A)  4 
B)  6 
C)  8 
D)  10 
A)  4 
B)  6 
C)  8 
D)  10

Question 4

Which statement does NOT support the claim of nativists that children are born with a "biology module"?

Accepted Answer

A)  Across cultures, children are fascinated by plants and animals. 
B)  Japanese 5-year-olds are more likely than their Israeli peers to believe that inanimate objects can feel pain. 
C)  Children throughout the world organize information about living things in very similar manners. 
D)  Children learn about animals and learn about them much more quickly than about many other aspects of the environment. 
A)  Across cultures, children are fascinated by plants and animals. 
B)  Japanese 5-year-olds are more likely than their Israeli peers to believe that inanimate objects can feel pain. 
C)  Children throughout the world organize information about living things in very similar manners. 
D)  Children learn about animals and learn about them much more quickly than about many other aspects of the environment.

Question 5

On the subject of growth, preschoolers believe that:

Accepted Answer

A)  living things can only grow larger. 
B)  living things can grow both larger and smaller. 
C)  animals but not plants can grow larger. 
D)  inanimate things can grow in the same manner as living things. 
A)  living things can only grow larger. 
B)  living things can grow both larger and smaller. 
C)  animals but not plants can grow larger. 
D)  inanimate things can grow in the same manner as living things.

Question 6

Aidan, a 4-year-old child, is told a story about a girl who wants to grow to be taller than her daddy, but she is still a young girl. When asked if the girl will get her wish, Aidan is MOST likely to:

Accepted Answer

A)  predict that she will get her wish. 
B)  predict that she will not get her wish. 
C)  say that if her mom and dad are both tall, she will be tall too. 
D)  be confused by this false belief. 
A)  predict that she will get her wish. 
B)  predict that she will not get her wish. 
C)  say that if her mom and dad are both tall, she will be tall too. 
D)  be confused by this false belief.

Question 7

In the domain of spatial representation and learning, nativists and empiricist agree on which statement?

Accepted Answer

A)  Certain parts of the brain are specialized for coding particular types of spatial information. 
B)  Children possess an innate module that is specialized for representing and learning about space. 
C)  Children's experience with vision is essential to development of spatial representations. 
D)  General information-processing skills are the key to spatial representation. 
A)  Certain parts of the brain are specialized for coding particular types of spatial information. 
B)  Children possess an innate module that is specialized for representing and learning about space. 
C)  Children's experience with vision is essential to development of spatial representations. 
D)  General information-processing skills are the key to spatial representation.

Question 8

The perceptual process whereby individuals can look at a small number of objects and almost instantaneously know how many objects are present is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  counting. 
B)  ordering. 
C)  guessing. 
D)  subitizing. 
A)  counting. 
B)  ordering. 
C)  guessing. 
D)  subitizing.

Question 9

Which statement BEST characterizes the findings of cross-cultural research on children's understanding of false beliefs?

Accepted Answer

A)  The pattern of development is very consistent across cultures. 
B)  Children in Western cultures develop the understanding earlier than do children in Eastern cultures. 
C)  Children in Western cultures develop the understanding later than do children in Eastern cultures. 
D)  Children in developed countries develop the understanding earlier than do children in developing countries. 
A)  The pattern of development is very consistent across cultures. 
B)  Children in Western cultures develop the understanding earlier than do children in Eastern cultures. 
C)  Children in Western cultures develop the understanding later than do children in Eastern cultures. 
D)  Children in developed countries develop the understanding earlier than do children in developing countries.

Question 10

The spatial thought of 3-month-old infants can be based on:

Accepted Answer

A)  vision. 
B)  hearing. 
C)  either vision or hearing. 
D)  neither vision nor hearing. 
A)  vision. 
B)  hearing. 
C)  either vision or hearing. 
D)  neither vision nor hearing.

Question 11

Infants are first able to code space relative to:

Accepted Answer

A)  their own immediate position. 
B)  prominent landmarks. 
C)  the intersection of a ceiling and a wall or two walls. 
D)  other nearby people. 
A)  their own immediate position. 
B)  prominent landmarks. 
C)  the intersection of a ceiling and a wall or two walls. 
D)  other nearby people.

Question 12

When 3-year-old children are presented with the categories of people, caterpillars, and chimpanzees and asked which two are most similar, research indicates that they will MOST likely choose:

Accepted Answer

A)  people and caterpillars. 
B)  people and chimpanzees. 
C)  caterpillars and chimpanzees. 
D)  any of the three possible pairs with equal likelihood. 
A)  people and caterpillars. 
B)  people and chimpanzees. 
C)  caterpillars and chimpanzees. 
D)  any of the three possible pairs with equal likelihood.

Question 13

Which statement about the ability of 5-year-olds to make logical inferences about time is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Similar to their inability to estimate the passage of time, 5-year-olds are entirely unable to make logical inferences about time. 
B)  Although they are able to estimate the passage of time, 5-year-olds are entirely unable to make logical inferences about time. 
C)  Children 5 years old are able to make logical inferences about time only when the situation does not involve distracting features. 
D)  Children 5 years old are able to make logical inferences about time that are similar to those of adults. 
A)  Similar to their inability to estimate the passage of time, 5-year-olds are entirely unable to make logical inferences about time. 
B)  Although they are able to estimate the passage of time, 5-year-olds are entirely unable to make logical inferences about time. 
C)  Children 5 years old are able to make logical inferences about time only when the situation does not involve distracting features. 
D)  Children 5 years old are able to make logical inferences about time that are similar to those of adults.

Question 14

Empiricists would consider which finding to be evidence for their position on the development of numerical perception?

Accepted Answer

A)  The intraparietal sulcus is deeply involved in representing numerical magnitude. 
B)  There are large cultural differences in children's numerical understanding. 
C)  Specific neurons respond most strongly when a particular number of objects is displayed. 
D)  None of these would be considered evidence of their position. 
A)  The intraparietal sulcus is deeply involved in representing numerical magnitude. 
B)  There are large cultural differences in children's numerical understanding. 
C)  Specific neurons respond most strongly when a particular number of objects is displayed. 
D)  None of these would be considered evidence of their position.

Question 15

When 12-month-olds saw an experimenter look at and demonstrate an interest in one of two toy stuffed kittens, they:

Accepted Answer

A)  were surprised when the experimenter then held the other kitten. 
B)  were not surprised when the experimenter then held the other kitten. 
C)  were surprised when the experimenter held that kitten. 
D)  responded similarly no matter which kitten the experimenter held. 
A)  were surprised when the experimenter then held the other kitten. 
B)  were not surprised when the experimenter then held the other kitten. 
C)  were surprised when the experimenter held that kitten. 
D)  responded similarly no matter which kitten the experimenter held.

Question 16

Preschoolers believe that the essence of a living thing:

Accepted Answer

A)  can change as it grows up. 
B)  comes from its parents. 
C)  depends on the environment in which it grows up. 
D)  is a result of DNA. 
A)  can change as it grows up. 
B)  comes from its parents. 
C)  depends on the environment in which it grows up. 
D)  is a result of DNA.

Question 17

Children typically succeed on false-belief problems by the age of _____ years.

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  3 
C)  5 
D)  8 
A)  2 
B)  3 
C)  5 
D)  8

Question 18

Pretend play emerges at about the age of _____; sociodramatic play emerges at about the age of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  1 year; 2.5 years 
B)  1 year; 18 months 
C)  18 months; 2.5 years 
D)  2.5 years; 4 years 
A)  1 year; 2.5 years 
B)  1 year; 18 months 
C)  18 months; 2.5 years 
D)  2.5 years; 4 years

Question 19

By age 2, understanding of the connection between people's _____ and actions is firmly established.

Accepted Answer

A)  beliefs 
B)  desires 
C)  abilities 
D)  all of these 
A)  beliefs 
B)  desires 
C)  abilities 
D)  all of these

Question 20

Which statement is NOT one of the counting principles proposed by Gelman and Gallistel?

Accepted Answer

A)  Any set of discrete objects or events can be counted. 
B)  The numbers should always be recited in the same order. 
C)  Objects must be counted from left to right. 
D)  The number of objects in the set corresponds to the last number counted. 
A)  Any set of discrete objects or events can be counted. 
B)  The numbers should always be recited in the same order. 
C)  Objects must be counted from left to right. 
D)  The number of objects in the set corresponds to the last number counted.

Exam 7: Section 2: Conceptual Development

Which category level are parents LEAST likely to directly teach their children?

By the age of _____ years, the majority of children understand that human beings are animals that are similar in many ways to other animals.

Which statement does NOT support the claim of nativists that children are born with a "biology module"?

On the subject of growth, preschoolers believe that:

Aidan, a 4-year-old child, is told a story about a girl who wants to grow to be taller than her daddy, but she is still a young girl. When asked if the girl will get her wish, Aidan is MOST likely to:

In the domain of spatial representation and learning, nativists and empiricist agree on which statement?

The perceptual process whereby individuals can look at a small number of objects and almost instantaneously know how many objects are present is referred to as:

Which statement BEST characterizes the findings of cross-cultural research on children's understanding of false beliefs?

The spatial thought of 3-month-old infants can be based on:

Infants are first able to code space relative to:

When 3-year-old children are presented with the categories of people, caterpillars, and chimpanzees and asked which two are most similar, research indicates that they will MOST likely choose:

Which statement about the ability of 5-year-olds to make logical inferences about time is true?

Empiricists would consider which finding to be evidence for their position on the development of numerical perception?

When 12-month-olds saw an experimenter look at and demonstrate an interest in one of two toy stuffed kittens, they:

Preschoolers believe that the essence of a living thing:

Children typically succeed on false-belief problems by the age of _____ years.

Pretend play emerges at about the age of _____; sociodramatic play emerges at about the age of _____.

By age 2, understanding of the connection between people's _____ and actions is firmly established.

Which statement is NOT one of the counting principles proposed by Gelman and Gallistel?

Section 1: An Introduction to Child Development

Section 2: An Introduction to Child Development

Section 1: Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Section 2: Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Section 1: Biology and Behavior

Section 2: Biology and Behavior

Section 1: Theories of Cognitive Development

Section 2: Theories of Cognitive Development

Seeing, Thinking, and Doing in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Section 1: Conceptual Development

Section 1: Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Section 2: Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Section 1: Theories of Social Development

Section 2: Theories of Social Development

Section 1: Emotional Development

Section 2: Emotional Development

Section 1: Attachment to Others and Development of Self

Section 2: Attachment to Others and Development of Self

Section 1: The Family

Section 2: The Family

Section 1: Peer Relationship

Section 2: Peer Relationship

Section 1: Moral Development

Section 2: Moral Development

Section 1: Gender Development

Section 2: Gender Development

Section 1: Conclusions

Section 2: Conclusions

Filters

Pretend play emerges at about the age of _; sociodramatic play emerges at about the age of _.