Question 1

_____ myelinate axons.

Accepted Answer

A)  Dendrites 
B)  Glial cells 
C)  Myoepithelial cells 
D)  Neurons 
A)  Dendrites 
B)  Glial cells 
C)  Myoepithelial cells 
D)  Neurons B

Question 2

Why is much of human neural development postponed until after birth?

Accepted Answer

•The human birth canal has been expanded to its limits.
•At birth,a child's brain has more neurons than an adult brain has,but those neurons are immature and still need to grow,develop synapses,and develop supporting structures like glial cells.
•Compared with many other species,human brains will develop much more after birth.
•A human brain occupies a volume of about 350 cubic cm at birth and doubles to 700 cubic cm in the first year of life;before a human being reaches puberty,brain size doubles again.

Question 3

Cattell (1963)divided intellectual abilities into _____ intelligence,which refers to acquired knowledge,and _____ intelligence,which refers to the ability to reason and solve problems in novel domains.

Accepted Answer

A)  semantic;declarative 
B)  adult;adolescent 
C)  crystallized;fluid 
D)  stored;working 
A)  semantic;declarative 
B)  adult;adolescent 
C)  crystallized;fluid 
D)  stored;working C

Question 4

Fraternal twins raised together have more similar IQs than identical twins raised apart.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

_____ enables the axon to conduct brain signals rapidly.

Accepted Answer

A)  Dendrification 
B)  Glialization 
C)  Myelination 
D)  Sheathing 
A)  Dendrification 
B)  Glialization 
C)  Myelination 
D)  Sheathing

Question 6

_____ refers to the ability to reason.

Accepted Answer

A)  Crystallized intelligence 
B)  Fluid intelligence 
C)  Factor analysis 
D)  Meta analysis 
A)  Crystallized intelligence 
B)  Fluid intelligence 
C)  Factor analysis 
D)  Meta analysis

Question 7

IQ scores appear to have risen about 3 points per decade.This is referred to as the _____ effect.

Accepted Answer

A)  Cannizzo 
B)  Flavell 
C)  Flynn 
D)  Keeney 
A)  Cannizzo 
B)  Flavell 
C)  Flynn 
D)  Keeney

Question 8

At birth,a child's brain has more neurons than an adult brain has.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

A child in Piaget's _____ stage can engage in internal thought,but these thoughts lack systematicity.

Accepted Answer

A)  concrete-operational 
B)  formal-operational 
C)  preoperational 
D)  sensory-motor 
A)  concrete-operational 
B)  formal-operational 
C)  preoperational 
D)  sensory-motor

Question 10

How does an understanding of conservation develop as the child moves through Piaget's stages?

Accepted Answer

Conservation refers to knowledge of the

Question 11

Individuals with high verbal ability have large:

Accepted Answer

A)  working memories. 
B)  working memories for verbal information. 
C)  short-term memories. 
D)  short-term memories for verbal information. 
A)  working memories. 
B)  working memories for verbal information. 
C)  short-term memories. 
D)  short-term memories for verbal information.

Question 12

Young children are:

Accepted Answer

A)  better at drawing inferences. 
B)  poorer at drawing inferences. 
C)  better at drawing backward inferences but poorer at drawing forward inferences. 
D)  poorer at drawing backward inferences but better at drawing forward inferences. 
A)  better at drawing inferences. 
B)  poorer at drawing inferences. 
C)  better at drawing backward inferences but poorer at drawing forward inferences. 
D)  poorer at drawing backward inferences but better at drawing forward inferences.

Question 13

What is object permanence?

Accepted Answer

Object permanence is the ability to unde

Question 14

The human birth process is _____ that of other mammals.

Accepted Answer

A)  more difficult than 
B)  less difficult than 
C)  similar to 
D)  The birth process depends on the woman giving birth. 
A)  more difficult than 
B)  less difficult than 
C)  similar to 
D)  The birth process depends on the woman giving birth.

Question 15

In the nervous system,the number of synaptic connections increases _____ times during the first 2 years of life.

Accepted Answer

A)  10 
B)  25 
C)  50 
D)  100 
A)  10 
B)  25 
C)  50 
D)  100

Question 16

How do individuals with high verbal ability compare with individuals with low verbal ability?

Accepted Answer

•Goldberg,Schwartz,and Stewart (1977)com

Question 17

At 2,the brain has reached _____ of its adult size.

Accepted Answer

A)  20% 
B)  50% 
C)  60% 
D)  80% 
A)  20% 
B)  50% 
C)  60% 
D)  80%

Question 18

Chi's (1978)study of memory abilities across the life span that employed 10-year-old skilled chess players and adult novice chess players is BEST summarized by which statement?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adults have better recall than children for all types of information. 
B)  Experience with the stimulus used in a memory task is critical to performance. 
C)  Children perform as well as adults on spatial tasks,but adults are superior on verbal measures. 
D)  The brain regions activated by a semantic memory task are different for children and adults. 
A)  Adults have better recall than children for all types of information. 
B)  Experience with the stimulus used in a memory task is critical to performance. 
C)  Children perform as well as adults on spatial tasks,but adults are superior on verbal measures. 
D)  The brain regions activated by a semantic memory task are different for children and adults.

Question 19

Humans have _____ brains in relation to their body size.

Accepted Answer

A)  very large 
B)  somewhat large 
C)  somewhat small 
D)  very small 
A)  very large 
B)  somewhat large 
C)  somewhat small 
D)  very small

Question 20

What is factor analysis?

Accepted Answer

A factor analysis is a method for trying

_____ myelinate axons.

Why is much of human neural development postponed until after birth?

Cattell (1963)divided intellectual abilities into _ intelligence,which refers to acquired knowledge,and _ intelligence,which refers to the ability to reason and solve problems in novel domains.

Fraternal twins raised together have more similar IQs than identical twins raised apart.

_____ enables the axon to conduct brain signals rapidly.

_____ refers to the ability to reason.

IQ scores appear to have risen about 3 points per decade.This is referred to as the _____ effect.

At birth,a child's brain has more neurons than an adult brain has.

A child in Piaget's _____ stage can engage in internal thought,but these thoughts lack systematicity.

How does an understanding of conservation develop as the child moves through Piaget's stages?

Individuals with high verbal ability have large:

Young children are:

What is object permanence?

The human birth process is _____ that of other mammals.

In the nervous system,the number of synaptic connections increases _____ times during the first 2 years of life.

How do individuals with high verbal ability compare with individuals with low verbal ability?

At 2,the brain has reached _____ of its adult size.

Chi's (1978)study of memory abilities across the life span that employed 10-year-old skilled chess players and adult novice chess players is BEST summarized by which statement?

Humans have _____ brains in relation to their body size.

What is factor analysis?

The Science of Cognition

Perception

Attention and Performance

Mental Imagery

Representation of Knowledge

Human Memory: Encoding and Storage

Human Memory: Retention and Retrieval

Problem Solving

Expertise

Reasoning

Decision Making

Language Structure

Language Comprehension

Filters

Exam 14: Individual Differences in Cognition

_____ myelinate axons.

Why is much of human neural development postponed until after birth?

Cattell (1963)divided intellectual abilities into _____ intelligence,which refers to acquired knowledge,and _____ intelligence,which refers to the ability to reason and solve problems in novel domains.

Fraternal twins raised together have more similar IQs than identical twins raised apart.

_____ enables the axon to conduct brain signals rapidly.

_____ refers to the ability to reason.

IQ scores appear to have risen about 3 points per decade.This is referred to as the _____ effect.

At birth,a child's brain has more neurons than an adult brain has.

A child in Piaget's _____ stage can engage in internal thought,but these thoughts lack systematicity.

How does an understanding of conservation develop as the child moves through Piaget's stages?

Individuals with high verbal ability have large:

Young children are:

What is object permanence?

The human birth process is _____ that of other mammals.

In the nervous system,the number of synaptic connections increases _____ times during the first 2 years of life.

How do individuals with high verbal ability compare with individuals with low verbal ability?

At 2,the brain has reached _____ of its adult size.

Chi's (1978)study of memory abilities across the life span that employed 10-year-old skilled chess players and adult novice chess players is BEST summarized by which statement?

Humans have _____ brains in relation to their body size.

What is factor analysis?

The Science of Cognition

Perception

Attention and Performance

Mental Imagery

Representation of Knowledge

Human Memory: Encoding and Storage

Human Memory: Retention and Retrieval

Problem Solving

Expertise

Reasoning

Decision Making

Language Structure

Language Comprehension

Filters

Cattell (1963)divided intellectual abilities into _ intelligence,which refers to acquired knowledge,and _ intelligence,which refers to the ability to reason and solve problems in novel domains.