Question 1

The prefrontal cortex plays a critical role in maintaining goal structures.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

_____ biases the solver against any operator that undoes the effect of the previous operators.

Accepted Answer

A)  Backup avoidance 
B)  Difference reduction 
C)  Hill climbing 
D)  Means-ends analysis 
A)  Backup avoidance 
B)  Difference reduction 
C)  Hill climbing 
D)  Means-ends analysis A

Question 3

What is an analogy?

Accepted Answer

An analogy is a process by which a problem solver extracts the operators used to solve one problem and maps them onto a solution for another problem.

Question 4

Which group does NOT have special difficulty with analogy problems?

Accepted Answer

A)  children under the age of 5 
B)  nonhuman primates 
C)  patients with frontal damage 
D)  patients with parietal damage 
A)  children under the age of 5 
B)  nonhuman primates 
C)  patients with frontal damage 
D)  patients with parietal damage

Question 5

Difference reduction is sometimes called:

Accepted Answer

A)  backup avoidance. 
B)  hill climbing. 
C)  means-ends analysis. 
D)  search. 
A)  backup avoidance. 
B)  hill climbing. 
C)  means-ends analysis. 
D)  search.

Question 6

Describe the problem-solving process.

Accepted Answer

The problem-solving process progresses f

Question 7

Participants do not know when they are close to the solution of an insight problem.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Fincham,Carter,van Veen,Stenger,and Anderson (2002)found that the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD)response of participants engaged in the Tower of Hanoi problem was related to the variable of the:

Accepted Answer

A)  amount of experience each individual had with the problem. 
B)  gender of the participant. 
C)  goal load of the problem. 
D)  IQ of the participant. 
A)  amount of experience each individual had with the problem. 
B)  gender of the participant. 
C)  goal load of the problem. 
D)  IQ of the participant.

Question 9

Patients with _____ damage have difficulty inhibiting a predominant response.

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebellar 
B)  prefrontal 
C)  parietal 
D)  temporal 
A)  cerebellar 
B)  prefrontal 
C)  parietal 
D)  temporal

Question 10

Which factor is NOT an essential feature of the problem-solving activity of Sultan,the chimpanzee in Kohler's famous insight learning experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  goal directedness 
B)  environmental feedback 
C)  operator application 
D)  subgoal decomposition 
A)  goal directedness 
B)  environmental feedback 
C)  operator application 
D)  subgoal decomposition

Question 11

The solution to a problem is achieved through:

Accepted Answer

A)  goal search. 
B)  problem search. 
C)  search. 
D)  state search. 
A)  goal search. 
B)  problem search. 
C)  search. 
D)  state search.

Question 12

Children under the age of 5 experience difficulty solving analogical reasoning problems because their _____ cortices have not yet matured.

Accepted Answer

A)  temporal 
B)  sensorimotor 
C)  parietal 
D)  frontal 
A)  temporal 
B)  sensorimotor 
C)  parietal 
D)  frontal

Question 13

Analogical problem solving is supported by the lateral geniculate nucleus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

_____ describes the creation of a new goal to enable an operator to apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  Backup avoidance 
B)  Difference reduction 
C)  Hill climbing 
D)  Means-ends analysis 
A)  Backup avoidance 
B)  Difference reduction 
C)  Hill climbing 
D)  Means-ends analysis

Question 15

Newell and Simon's General Problem Solver (GPS)is a computer simulation program,a type of artificial intelligence that solves problems by employing the problem-solving operator of:

Accepted Answer

A)  representativeness. 
B)  algorithmic sequencing. 
C)  means-ends analysis. 
D)  mental set. 
A)  representativeness. 
B)  algorithmic sequencing. 
C)  means-ends analysis. 
D)  mental set.

Question 16

Only humans are capable of advanced problem solving.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Problem solving depends on the:

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebellum. 
B)  parietal cortex. 
C)  prefrontal cortex. 
D)  temporal cortex. 
A)  cerebellum. 
B)  parietal cortex. 
C)  prefrontal cortex. 
D)  temporal cortex.

Question 18

Novel tool building is an instance of:

Accepted Answer

A)  backup avoidance. 
B)  hill climbing. 
C)  means-ends analysis. 
D)  operator subgoaling. 
A)  backup avoidance. 
B)  hill climbing. 
C)  means-ends analysis. 
D)  operator subgoaling.

Question 19

What is hill climbing? What is its potential flaw?

Accepted Answer

Hill climbing is another term for differ

Question 20

The BEST explanation for incubation effects relates them to:

Accepted Answer

A)  atmosphere effects. 
B)  functional fixedness. 
C)  insight effects. 
D)  set effects. 
A)  atmosphere effects. 
B)  functional fixedness. 
C)  insight effects. 
D)  set effects.

The prefrontal cortex plays a critical role in maintaining goal structures.

_____ biases the solver against any operator that undoes the effect of the previous operators.

What is an analogy?

Which group does NOT have special difficulty with analogy problems?

Difference reduction is sometimes called:

Describe the problem-solving process.

Participants do not know when they are close to the solution of an insight problem.

Fincham,Carter,van Veen,Stenger,and Anderson (2002)found that the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD)response of participants engaged in the Tower of Hanoi problem was related to the variable of the:

Patients with _____ damage have difficulty inhibiting a predominant response.

Which factor is NOT an essential feature of the problem-solving activity of Sultan,the chimpanzee in Kohler's famous insight learning experiment?

The solution to a problem is achieved through:

Children under the age of 5 experience difficulty solving analogical reasoning problems because their _____ cortices have not yet matured.

Analogical problem solving is supported by the lateral geniculate nucleus.

_____ describes the creation of a new goal to enable an operator to apply.

Newell and Simon's General Problem Solver (GPS)is a computer simulation program,a type of artificial intelligence that solves problems by employing the problem-solving operator of:

Only humans are capable of advanced problem solving.

Problem solving depends on the:

Novel tool building is an instance of:

What is hill climbing? What is its potential flaw?

The BEST explanation for incubation effects relates them to:

The Science of Cognition

Perception

Attention and Performance

Mental Imagery

Representation of Knowledge

Human Memory: Encoding and Storage

Human Memory: Retention and Retrieval

Expertise

Reasoning

Decision Making

Language Structure

Language Comprehension

Individual Differences in Cognition

Filters

Exam 8: Problem Solving

The prefrontal cortex plays a critical role in maintaining goal structures.

_____ biases the solver against any operator that undoes the effect of the previous operators.

What is an analogy?

Which group does NOT have special difficulty with analogy problems?

Difference reduction is sometimes called:

Describe the problem-solving process.

Participants do not know when they are close to the solution of an insight problem.

Fincham,Carter,van Veen,Stenger,and Anderson (2002)found that the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD)response of participants engaged in the Tower of Hanoi problem was related to the variable of the:

Patients with _____ damage have difficulty inhibiting a predominant response.

Which factor is NOT an essential feature of the problem-solving activity of Sultan,the chimpanzee in Kohler's famous insight learning experiment?

The solution to a problem is achieved through:

Children under the age of 5 experience difficulty solving analogical reasoning problems because their _____ cortices have not yet matured.

Analogical problem solving is supported by the lateral geniculate nucleus.

_____ describes the creation of a new goal to enable an operator to apply.

Newell and Simon's General Problem Solver (GPS)is a computer simulation program,a type of artificial intelligence that solves problems by employing the problem-solving operator of:

Only humans are capable of advanced problem solving.

Problem solving depends on the:

Novel tool building is an instance of:

What is hill climbing? What is its potential flaw?

The BEST explanation for incubation effects relates them to:

The Science of Cognition

Perception

Attention and Performance

Mental Imagery

Representation of Knowledge

Human Memory: Encoding and Storage

Human Memory: Retention and Retrieval

Expertise

Reasoning

Decision Making

Language Structure

Language Comprehension

Individual Differences in Cognition

Filters