Question 1

A 2010 study investigating whether darkness increases dishonesty and self-interested behavior while completing a math task found:

Accepted Answer

A)  participants in the brightly lit room exaggerated their performance on the task. 
B)  participants in the dimly lit room performed better than participants in the brightly lit room. 
C)  participants in the brightly lit room performed better than participants in the dimly lit room. 
D)  there was no difference in task performance among those in the dimly lit room versus the brightly lit room. 
A)  participants in the brightly lit room exaggerated their performance on the task. 
B)  participants in the dimly lit room performed better than participants in the brightly lit room. 
C)  participants in the brightly lit room performed better than participants in the dimly lit room. 
D)  there was no difference in task performance among those in the dimly lit room versus the brightly lit room.

Question 2

Use the following to answer questions
Scenario I
Scenario I is based on fabricated data inspired by the following study:
Warner, C. B. & Jackson, J. D. (2009). A time course examination of the preview effect: older adults need a longer preview than younger adults. Experimental Aging Research, 35, 327-347.
Preview Time and Aging
The purpose of this experiment was to determine the minimum preview time required for adults to make a fast perceptual decision. Young adults and older adults were presented visual stimuli for 357, 414, 471, 529 or 586 milliseconds (ms). Knowing that older adults are more sensitive to cool temperatures, the researchers increased the temperature of the room to 75 degrees for the older adults (the temperature of the room for younger adults was 68 degrees) at the request of the IRB. The visual stimulus was presented on a computer monitor and contained several letter Ls rotated at various degrees. After the preview stimulus the participants were shown the test stimulus. This contained the Ls in the preview, as well as several additional Ls and one letter T. The participants were instructed to locate the "T" and were given 5.5 seconds to do so. This procedure was repeated several times such that each participant received 360 trials. The results indicated that younger adults located the T more quickly than the older adults regardless of preview time. Among the younger adults, preview time significantly affected their ability to locate the T. Specifically, they were more quickly able to identify the T when the preview time was 414 ms or 586 ms. The results indicate that preview time significantly affects perceptual discrimination and are illustrated in Figure 1.
   Figure 1. Participants responded significantly faster to visual stimuli when they were given 529 ms or 589 ms to preview the stimuli.
-(Scenario I) What is a potential confound in the study described in Scenario I?

Accepted Answer

A)  age group 
B)  temperature 
C)  preview time 
D)  response time 
A)  age group 
B)  temperature 
C)  preview time 
D)  response time

Question 3

Researchers are inclined to use multigroup designs because there are a number of advantages to such a paradigm. Each of the following is considered an advantage of multigroup design, EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  the ability to test functional or nonlinear relationships. 
B)  the ability to query and test multiple levels of the independent variable in one study. 
C)  the requirement to use collateral information and multiple methodological strategies . 
D)  the need to use fewer participants to test hypotheses. 
A)  the ability to test functional or nonlinear relationships. 
B)  the ability to query and test multiple levels of the independent variable in one study. 
C)  the requirement to use collateral information and multiple methodological strategies . 
D)  the need to use fewer participants to test hypotheses.

Question 4

Research suggests that the smell of a clean room elicits all of the follow behaviors, EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  reciprocity. 
B)  charity. 
C)  self-interested behavior. 
D)  volunteering. 
A)  reciprocity. 
B)  charity. 
C)  self-interested behavior. 
D)  volunteering.

Question 5

In a 2008 study examining the effect of experiencing physical warmth on the manifestation of interpersonal warmth found:

Accepted Answer

A)  those participants who held a hot object were more likely to take a gift for themselves rather than a friend. 
B)  those participants who held the hot cup rated the other person's personality less favorably. 
C)  those participants who held the cold cup rated the other person's personality more favorably. 
D)  those participants who held the hot cup rated the other person's personality more favorably. 
A)  those participants who held a hot object were more likely to take a gift for themselves rather than a friend. 
B)  those participants who held the hot cup rated the other person's personality less favorably. 
C)  those participants who held the cold cup rated the other person's personality more favorably. 
D)  those participants who held the hot cup rated the other person's personality more favorably.

Question 6

The F statistic included in a results write-up for a one-way ANOVA includes all of the following information, EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  F score. 
B)  Cronbach's alpha. 
C)  between-subjects degrees of freedom. 
D)  within-subjects degrees of freedom. 
A)  F score. 
B)  Cronbach's alpha. 
C)  between-subjects degrees of freedom. 
D)  within-subjects degrees of freedom.

Question 7

Dr. Sila is studying eating disorders among young children, older children, adolescents, young adults, and adults between the ages of 5 years and 75 years of age. Dr. Sila is using a:

Accepted Answer

A)  case study design. 
B)  factorial design. 
C)  multigroup design. 
D)  repeated measures design. 
A)  case study design. 
B)  factorial design. 
C)  multigroup design. 
D)  repeated measures design.

Question 8

The probability that the study will yield significant results is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  power. 
B)  placebo. 
C)  post-hoc. 
D)  a confound. 
A)  power. 
B)  placebo. 
C)  post-hoc. 
D)  a confound.

Question 9

The results of a one-way ANOVA suggest that the participants' fear response was differentially effected depending on their respective condition: spiders (M = 44; SD = 4.20), snakes (M = 62; SD = 7.1), and dogs (M = 21; SD = 2.20). There was a significant difference F (2, 92) = .67, p = .03. Based on this information what was the between-subjects degrees of freedom?

Accepted Answer

A)  21 
B)  92 
C)  2 
D)  .67 
A)  21 
B)  92 
C)  2 
D)  .67

Question 10

To determine if food allergies influences participants' taste pallet, researchers conducted a chi-square test of independence between conditions . Based on this information what is the chi-square score for those in the gluten allergy condition compared with others for this study?

Accepted Answer

A)  .001 
B)  10.72 
C)  10.09 
D)  .30 
A)  .001 
B)  10.72 
C)  10.09 
D)  .30

Question 11

Dr. Dupuis has been conducting the same study for multiple years in a row, but never seems to yield enough power to make any predictions based on the study results. Dr. Dupuis has seven experimental conditions based on treatment modalities for personality disorders. What is the total minimum number of participants Dr. Dupuis would need in order to yield adequate power?

Accepted Answer

A)  180 
B)  210 
C)  360 
D)  420 
A)  180 
B)  210 
C)  360 
D)  420

Question 12

Dr. Choi conducted a one-way ANOVA to test whether participant's responses in the psychotherapy treatment condition were different from participants' responses to treatment in both the antidepressant medication and supportive listening conditions as a whole. Dr. Choi did not find a significant result. Which of the following would be the most accurate results write-up for a one-way ANOVA?

Accepted Answer

A)  d(2, 79) = 2.27, p = .02 
B)  $\chi$(2, 79) = 2.27, p = .02, eta2 = .30 
C)  F(2, 79) = 2.27, p = .02, eta2 = .30 
D)  F(2, 79) = 2.27, p = .42, eta2 = .02 
A)  d(2, 79) = 2.27, p = .02 
B)  $\chi$(2, 79) = 2.27, p = .02, eta2 = .30 
C)  F(2, 79) = 2.27, p = .02, eta2 = .30 
D)  F(2, 79) = 2.27, p = .42, eta2 = .02

Question 13

Which of the following statements is true regarding post-hoc tests and planned contrasts?

Accepted Answer

A)  both statistical tests are planned ahead of time 
B)  post-hoc tests are not determined ahead of time, but planned contrasts are 
C)  neither statistical test compares between groups 
D)  post-hoc tests combine two conditions so you can compare them with a third 
A)  both statistical tests are planned ahead of time 
B)  post-hoc tests are not determined ahead of time, but planned contrasts are 
C)  neither statistical test compares between groups 
D)  post-hoc tests combine two conditions so you can compare them with a third

Question 14

The dependent variable (DV) is the variable in a research design that is:

Accepted Answer

A)  manipulated. 
B)  influencing the outcome. 
C)  controlled. 
D)  the byproduct. 
A)  manipulated. 
B)  influencing the outcome. 
C)  controlled. 
D)  the byproduct.

Question 15

In an experiment studying treatment effectiveness for ADHD in adults, which of the following would be considered a placebo?

Accepted Answer

A)  a sugar pill 
B)  a caffeine pill 
C)  a Ritalin pill 
D)  an Adderall pill 
A)  a sugar pill 
B)  a caffeine pill 
C)  a Ritalin pill 
D)  an Adderall pill

Question 16

Knowing what you know about sample bias, which would be the best and most representative sample to address the following research question: Does an individual's geographic origin and age affect their political affiliations?

Accepted Answer

A)  a sample of residents in Alabama between the ages of 18 years and 45 years 
B)  a random sample of residents from each state in the United States between the ages of 18 years and 99 years 
C)  a random sample of residents from six southern states and six western states between the ages of 18 and 99 years 
D)  a sample of residents in Vermont between the ages of 18 years and 65 years 
A)  a sample of residents in Alabama between the ages of 18 years and 45 years 
B)  a random sample of residents from each state in the United States between the ages of 18 years and 99 years 
C)  a random sample of residents from six southern states and six western states between the ages of 18 and 99 years 
D)  a sample of residents in Vermont between the ages of 18 years and 65 years

Question 17

Which of the following is noted as a key to minimizing systematic differences between multigroup design conditions before a study begins?

Accepted Answer

A)  remove covariates 
B)  repeated measure design 
C)  random assignment 
D)  cluster sampling 
A)  remove covariates 
B)  repeated measure design 
C)  random assignment 
D)  cluster sampling

Question 18

Dr. Meek is interested in examining all possible combinations of conditions in his study examining obedience to authority for different generations. His initial analyses yielded significant results. Dr. Meek is interested in:

Accepted Answer

A)  planned contrasts. 
B)  post-hoc analyses. 
C)  independent samples t test. 
D)  paired samples t test. 
A)  planned contrasts. 
B)  post-hoc analyses. 
C)  independent samples t test. 
D)  paired samples t test.

Question 19

A 2010 study investigating whether darkness increases dishonesty and self-interested behavior while completing a math task found:

Accepted Answer

A)  participants in the dimly lit room exaggerated their success on the math task. 
B)  participants in the brightly lit room exaggerated their success on the math task. 
C)  participants in the dimly lit room performed worse than participants in the brightly lit room. 
D)  participants in the brightly lit room performed worse than participants in the dimly lit room. 
A)  participants in the dimly lit room exaggerated their success on the math task. 
B)  participants in the brightly lit room exaggerated their success on the math task. 
C)  participants in the dimly lit room performed worse than participants in the brightly lit room. 
D)  participants in the brightly lit room performed worse than participants in the dimly lit room.

Question 20

Use a multigroup design to develop a research study focused on Internet gaming.

Accepted Answer

Multigroup design uses an experimental d

A 2010 study investigating whether darkness increases dishonesty and self-interested behavior while completing a math task found:

Researchers are inclined to use multigroup designs because there are a number of advantages to such a paradigm. Each of the following is considered an advantage of multigroup design, EXCEPT:

Research suggests that the smell of a clean room elicits all of the follow behaviors, EXCEPT:

In a 2008 study examining the effect of experiencing physical warmth on the manifestation of interpersonal warmth found:

The F statistic included in a results write-up for a one-way ANOVA includes all of the following information, EXCEPT:

Dr. Sila is studying eating disorders among young children, older children, adolescents, young adults, and adults between the ages of 5 years and 75 years of age. Dr. Sila is using a:

The probability that the study will yield significant results is referred to as:

To determine if food allergies influences participants' taste pallet, researchers conducted a chi-square test of independence between conditions . Based on this information what is the chi-square score for those in the gluten allergy condition compared with others for this study?

Which of the following statements is true regarding post-hoc tests and planned contrasts?

The dependent variable (DV) is the variable in a research design that is:

In an experiment studying treatment effectiveness for ADHD in adults, which of the following would be considered a placebo?

Knowing what you know about sample bias, which would be the best and most representative sample to address the following research question: Does an individual's geographic origin and age affect their political affiliations?

Which of the following is noted as a key to minimizing systematic differences between multigroup design conditions before a study begins?

Dr. Meek is interested in examining all possible combinations of conditions in his study examining obedience to authority for different generations. His initial analyses yielded significant results. Dr. Meek is interested in:

A 2010 study investigating whether darkness increases dishonesty and self-interested behavior while completing a math task found:

Use a multigroup design to develop a research study focused on Internet gaming.

Psychology As Science: Thinking Like a Researcher

The Research Process: Ideas to Innovations

Ethics: Making Ethical Decisions in Research

The Psychologists Toolbox: Tools for Building Better Designs

Qualitative Research: Getting Into the Mind of a Serial Killer

Observational Research: the Many Forms of Discipline in Parents Bag of Tricks

Survey Design and Scale Construction: Is Going Greek a Great Idea

Two-Group Design: Texting: I Cant Get You Out of My Mind

Within-Subjects Designs: Can Watching Reality Tv Shows Be Good for Us

Factorial Design: I Lost My Phone Number, Can I Borrow Yours Do Pickup Lines Really Work

Mixed Design: Which Therapy Is Best for Treating Eating Disorders

Using Research in the Real World: How Do You Know If You Are Truly Helping

a Statistical Tools for Answering Research Questions

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Exam 9: Multi-Group Design: Im Feeling Hot, but Is the Earth Hot, Too

A 2010 study investigating whether darkness increases dishonesty and self-interested behavior while completing a math task found:

Researchers are inclined to use multigroup designs because there are a number of advantages to such a paradigm. Each of the following is considered an advantage of multigroup design, EXCEPT:

Research suggests that the smell of a clean room elicits all of the follow behaviors, EXCEPT:

In a 2008 study examining the effect of experiencing physical warmth on the manifestation of interpersonal warmth found:

The F statistic included in a results write-up for a one-way ANOVA includes all of the following information, EXCEPT:

Dr. Sila is studying eating disorders among young children, older children, adolescents, young adults, and adults between the ages of 5 years and 75 years of age. Dr. Sila is using a:

The probability that the study will yield significant results is referred to as:

To determine if food allergies influences participants' taste pallet, researchers conducted a chi-square test of independence between conditions . Based on this information what is the chi-square score for those in the gluten allergy condition compared with others for this study?

Which of the following statements is true regarding post-hoc tests and planned contrasts?

The dependent variable (DV) is the variable in a research design that is:

In an experiment studying treatment effectiveness for ADHD in adults, which of the following would be considered a placebo?

Knowing what you know about sample bias, which would be the best and most representative sample to address the following research question: Does an individual's geographic origin and age affect their political affiliations?

Which of the following is noted as a key to minimizing systematic differences between multigroup design conditions before a study begins?

Dr. Meek is interested in examining all possible combinations of conditions in his study examining obedience to authority for different generations. His initial analyses yielded significant results. Dr. Meek is interested in:

A 2010 study investigating whether darkness increases dishonesty and self-interested behavior while completing a math task found:

Use a multigroup design to develop a research study focused on Internet gaming.

Psychology As Science: Thinking Like a Researcher

The Research Process: Ideas to Innovations

Ethics: Making Ethical Decisions in Research

The Psychologists Toolbox: Tools for Building Better Designs

Qualitative Research: Getting Into the Mind of a Serial Killer

Observational Research: the Many Forms of Discipline in Parents Bag of Tricks

Survey Design and Scale Construction: Is Going Greek a Great Idea

Two-Group Design: Texting: I Cant Get You Out of My Mind

Within-Subjects Designs: Can Watching Reality Tv Shows Be Good for Us

Factorial Design: I Lost My Phone Number, Can I Borrow Yours Do Pickup Lines Really Work

Mixed Design: Which Therapy Is Best for Treating Eating Disorders

Using Research in the Real World: How Do You Know If You Are Truly Helping

a Statistical Tools for Answering Research Questions

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