Question 1

_____ refers to employing the use of multiple methods or strategies to answer a research question.

Accepted Answer

A)  Methodological pluralism 
B)  Multigroup design 
C)  Exploratory analyses 
D)  Post-hoc testing 
A)  Methodological pluralism 
B)  Multigroup design 
C)  Exploratory analyses 
D)  Post-hoc testing

Question 2

Juan is interested in his peers' responses in reaction to spiders. He designs an experimental paradigm where he has fake spiders and real spiders and then monitors his peers' fear responses. Based on Juan's design which variable is the dependent variable (DV)?

Accepted Answer

A)  fear responses 
B)  type of spider 
C)  diagnosis of arachnophobia 
D)  age of peers 
A)  fear responses 
B)  type of spider 
C)  diagnosis of arachnophobia 
D)  age of peers

Question 3

What is a placebo group and why is it important to include such a group in a multigroup design?

Accepted Answer

A placebo group is a group in which part

Question 4

Dr. Eggleston is lecturing on various statistical analyses in class. He notes the definition for a chi-square test of independence as:

Accepted Answer

A)  a statistical test in which both variables are categorical and determines if the distribution of participants across categories is different than expected. 
B)  a statistical test that examines all of the possible combinations of conditions in a way that statistically accounts for the fact that we did not predict them ahead of time. 
C)  a statistical test that determines whether responses from the different conditions are essentially the same or whether the responses from at least one of the conditions differ from the others. 
D)  a statistical test that allows a priori decisions to test comparisons between groups predicted ahead of time. 
A)  a statistical test in which both variables are categorical and determines if the distribution of participants across categories is different than expected. 
B)  a statistical test that examines all of the possible combinations of conditions in a way that statistically accounts for the fact that we did not predict them ahead of time. 
C)  a statistical test that determines whether responses from the different conditions are essentially the same or whether the responses from at least one of the conditions differ from the others. 
D)  a statistical test that allows a priori decisions to test comparisons between groups predicted ahead of time.

Question 5

A _____ is a statistical test that determines whether responses from the different conditions are essentially the same or whether the responses from at least one of the conditions differ from the others.

Accepted Answer

A)  chi-square test of independence 
B)  one-way analysis of variance 
C)  two-way analysis of variance 
D)  multiple regression 
A)  chi-square test of independence 
B)  one-way analysis of variance 
C)  two-way analysis of variance 
D)  multiple regression

Question 6

In a 2006 study examining cross-national comparisons of image associations among residents of the United States and the United Kingdom regarding images related to climate change and global warming found:

Accepted Answer

A)  that global warming produced positive associations for residents of the United Kingdom only. 
B)  that global warming produced positive associations for residents of the United States. only. 
C)  that global warming produced positive associations for both United Kingdom and United States residents. 
D)  that global warming produced negative associations for both United Kingdom and United States residents. 
A)  that global warming produced positive associations for residents of the United Kingdom only. 
B)  that global warming produced positive associations for residents of the United States. only. 
C)  that global warming produced positive associations for both United Kingdom and United States residents. 
D)  that global warming produced negative associations for both United Kingdom and United States residents.

Question 7

Describe what a confound is and how confounds can influence a study.

Accepted Answer

A confound is a variable that the resear

Question 8

In examining more than two participant groups or levels of an independent variable it is possible to discover:

Accepted Answer

A)  linear relationships. 
B)  functional relationships. 
C)  nonexistent relationships. 
D)  circular relationships. 
A)  linear relationships. 
B)  functional relationships. 
C)  nonexistent relationships. 
D)  circular relationships.

Question 9

A 2009 study examining the effects of the temperature of a room on social relationships found:

Accepted Answer

A)  individuals who waited in a room with higher temperatures exhibited more interest in social relations. 
B)  individuals who waited in a room with colder temperatures exhibited more interest in social relations. 
C)  individuals who waited in a room with higher temperatures stood farther away from other participants. 
D)  individuals who waited in a room with colder temperatures stood closer to other participants. 
A)  individuals who waited in a room with higher temperatures exhibited more interest in social relations. 
B)  individuals who waited in a room with colder temperatures exhibited more interest in social relations. 
C)  individuals who waited in a room with higher temperatures stood farther away from other participants. 
D)  individuals who waited in a room with colder temperatures stood closer to other participants.

Question 10

Dr. Schubert noted the following results: F(2, 94) = .72, p = .02, eta2 = .30. Which of the following numbers represents the significance level in this results write-up?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  94 
C)  .02 
D)  .30 
A)  2 
B)  94 
C)  .02 
D)  .30

Question 11

In a study examining physical health, which of the following variables would be considered the independent variable based on this research question: How does the frequency of contact with animals influence an elderly patient's physical health based on doctor report?

Accepted Answer

A)  frequency of animal contact 
B)  peers 
C)  physical health 
D)  frequency of doctor visits 
A)  frequency of animal contact 
B)  peers 
C)  physical health 
D)  frequency of doctor visits

Question 12

The data must be _____ in order to conduct a chi-square test of independence.

Accepted Answer

A)  ordinal 
B)  interval 
C)  continuous 
D)  nominal 
A)  ordinal 
B)  interval 
C)  continuous 
D)  nominal

Question 13

Esteban completed a research study for class credit. He thought it was odd that he only had to complete a single self-report questionnaire after finding out from some of his classmates that they had to stare at a light before completing the questionnaire. Esteban was most likely in the:

Accepted Answer

A)  placebo group. 
B)  experimental group. 
C)  empty control group. 
D)  baseline group. 
A)  placebo group. 
B)  experimental group. 
C)  empty control group. 
D)  baseline group.

Question 14

Dr. Reddick is lecturing on various statistical analyses in class. He notes the definition for post-hoc analyses as:

Accepted Answer

A)  statistical tests in which both variables are categorical and determine if the distribution of participants across categories is different than expected. 
B)  statistical tests that examine all of the possible combinations of conditions in a way that statistically accounts for the fact that we did not predict them ahead of time. 
C)  statistical tests that determine whether responses from the different conditions are essentially the same or whether the responses from at least one of the conditions differ from the others. 
D)  statistical tests that allow a priori decisions to test comparisons between groups predicted ahead of time. 
A)  statistical tests in which both variables are categorical and determine if the distribution of participants across categories is different than expected. 
B)  statistical tests that examine all of the possible combinations of conditions in a way that statistically accounts for the fact that we did not predict them ahead of time. 
C)  statistical tests that determine whether responses from the different conditions are essentially the same or whether the responses from at least one of the conditions differ from the others. 
D)  statistical tests that allow a priori decisions to test comparisons between groups predicted ahead of time.

Question 15

Which of the following statistics is produced by an ANOVA?

Accepted Answer

A)  T statistic 
B)  F statistic 
C)  P statistic 
D)  R statistic 
A)  T statistic 
B)  F statistic 
C)  P statistic 
D)  R statistic

Question 16

_____ is key to minimizing systematic differences between conditions before a study even begins.

Accepted Answer

A)  Reciprocity 
B)  A chi-square test of independence 
C)  A baseline group 
D)  Random assignment 
A)  Reciprocity 
B)  A chi-square test of independence 
C)  A baseline group 
D)  Random assignment

Question 17

How do you identify if a behavior is a key behavior for a study?

Accepted Answer

A behavior is identified as a key behavi

Question 18

Dr. Nixon noted the following results: $\chi$2(6, N= 422) = 10.72, p = .001, ᶲ = .20. Which of the following numbers represents the chi-square score in this results write-up?

Accepted Answer

A)  422 
B)  6 
C)  10.72 
D)  .20 
A)  422 
B)  6 
C)  10.72 
D)  .20

Question 19

Researchers set up a multigroup design and added a group that does not receive any form of the treatment and just completed the dependent variables in the experiment. This group is referred to as the:

Accepted Answer

A)  control group. 
B)  empty control group. 
C)  placebo group. 
D)  baseline group. 
A)  control group. 
B)  empty control group. 
C)  placebo group. 
D)  baseline group.

Question 20

Use the following to answer questions
Scenario I
Scenario I is based on fabricated data inspired by the following study:
Warner, C. B. & Jackson, J. D. (2009). A time course examination of the preview effect: older adults need a longer preview than younger adults. Experimental Aging Research, 35, 327-347.
Preview Time and Aging
The purpose of this experiment was to determine the minimum preview time required for adults to make a fast perceptual decision. Young adults and older adults were presented visual stimuli for 357, 414, 471, 529 or 586 milliseconds (ms). Knowing that older adults are more sensitive to cool temperatures, the researchers increased the temperature of the room to 75 degrees for the older adults (the temperature of the room for younger adults was 68 degrees) at the request of the IRB. The visual stimulus was presented on a computer monitor and contained several letter Ls rotated at various degrees. After the preview stimulus the participants were shown the test stimulus. This contained the Ls in the preview, as well as several additional Ls and one letter T. The participants were instructed to locate the "T" and were given 5.5 seconds to do so. This procedure was repeated several times such that each participant received 360 trials. The results indicated that younger adults located the T more quickly than the older adults regardless of preview time. Among the younger adults, preview time significantly affected their ability to locate the T. Specifically, they were more quickly able to identify the T when the preview time was 414 ms or 586 ms. The results indicate that preview time significantly affects perceptual discrimination and are illustrated in Figure 1.
   Figure 1. Participants responded significantly faster to visual stimuli when they were given 529 ms or 589 ms to preview the stimuli.
-(Scenario I) As illustrated in the figure, the researchers in Scenario I found that response time was affected by preview time but only when preview time was 529 ms or greater. This demonstrates a _____ relationship between the variables.

Accepted Answer

A)  significant 
B)  nonsignificant 
C)  linear 
D)  nonlinear 
A)  significant 
B)  nonsignificant 
C)  linear 
D)  nonlinear

_____ refers to employing the use of multiple methods or strategies to answer a research question.

Juan is interested in his peers' responses in reaction to spiders. He designs an experimental paradigm where he has fake spiders and real spiders and then monitors his peers' fear responses. Based on Juan's design which variable is the dependent variable (DV)?

What is a placebo group and why is it important to include such a group in a multigroup design?

Dr. Eggleston is lecturing on various statistical analyses in class. He notes the definition for a chi-square test of independence as:

A _____ is a statistical test that determines whether responses from the different conditions are essentially the same or whether the responses from at least one of the conditions differ from the others.

In a 2006 study examining cross-national comparisons of image associations among residents of the United States and the United Kingdom regarding images related to climate change and global warming found:

Describe what a confound is and how confounds can influence a study.

In examining more than two participant groups or levels of an independent variable it is possible to discover:

A 2009 study examining the effects of the temperature of a room on social relationships found:

Dr. Schubert noted the following results: F(2, 94) = .72, p = .02, eta² = .30. Which of the following numbers represents the significance level in this results write-up?

In a study examining physical health, which of the following variables would be considered the independent variable based on this research question: How does the frequency of contact with animals influence an elderly patient's physical health based on doctor report?

The data must be _____ in order to conduct a chi-square test of independence.

Esteban completed a research study for class credit. He thought it was odd that he only had to complete a single self-report questionnaire after finding out from some of his classmates that they had to stare at a light before completing the questionnaire. Esteban was most likely in the:

Dr. Reddick is lecturing on various statistical analyses in class. He notes the definition for post-hoc analyses as:

Which of the following statistics is produced by an ANOVA?

_____ is key to minimizing systematic differences between conditions before a study even begins.

How do you identify if a behavior is a key behavior for a study?

Dr. Nixon noted the following results: $\chi$ ²(6, N= 422) = 10.72, p = .001, ᶲ = .20. Which of the following numbers represents the chi-square score in this results write-up?

Researchers set up a multigroup design and added a group that does not receive any form of the treatment and just completed the dependent variables in the experiment. This group is referred to as the:

Psychology As Science: Thinking Like a Researcher

The Research Process: Ideas to Innovations

Ethics: Making Ethical Decisions in Research

The Psychologists Toolbox: Tools for Building Better Designs

Qualitative Research: Getting Into the Mind of a Serial Killer

Observational Research: the Many Forms of Discipline in Parents Bag of Tricks

Survey Design and Scale Construction: Is Going Greek a Great Idea

Two-Group Design: Texting: I Cant Get You Out of My Mind

Within-Subjects Designs: Can Watching Reality Tv Shows Be Good for Us

Factorial Design: I Lost My Phone Number, Can I Borrow Yours Do Pickup Lines Really Work

Mixed Design: Which Therapy Is Best for Treating Eating Disorders

Using Research in the Real World: How Do You Know If You Are Truly Helping

a Statistical Tools for Answering Research Questions

Filters

Exam 9: Multi-Group Design: Im Feeling Hot, but Is the Earth Hot, Too

_____ refers to employing the use of multiple methods or strategies to answer a research question.

Juan is interested in his peers' responses in reaction to spiders. He designs an experimental paradigm where he has fake spiders and real spiders and then monitors his peers' fear responses. Based on Juan's design which variable is the dependent variable (DV)?

What is a placebo group and why is it important to include such a group in a multigroup design?

Dr. Eggleston is lecturing on various statistical analyses in class. He notes the definition for a chi-square test of independence as:

A _____ is a statistical test that determines whether responses from the different conditions are essentially the same or whether the responses from at least one of the conditions differ from the others.

In a 2006 study examining cross-national comparisons of image associations among residents of the United States and the United Kingdom regarding images related to climate change and global warming found:

Describe what a confound is and how confounds can influence a study.

In examining more than two participant groups or levels of an independent variable it is possible to discover:

A 2009 study examining the effects of the temperature of a room on social relationships found:

Dr. Schubert noted the following results: F(2, 94) = .72, p = .02, eta2 = .30. Which of the following numbers represents the significance level in this results write-up?

In a study examining physical health, which of the following variables would be considered the independent variable based on this research question: How does the frequency of contact with animals influence an elderly patient's physical health based on doctor report?

The data must be _____ in order to conduct a chi-square test of independence.

Esteban completed a research study for class credit. He thought it was odd that he only had to complete a single self-report questionnaire after finding out from some of his classmates that they had to stare at a light before completing the questionnaire. Esteban was most likely in the:

Dr. Reddick is lecturing on various statistical analyses in class. He notes the definition for post-hoc analyses as:

Which of the following statistics is produced by an ANOVA?

_____ is key to minimizing systematic differences between conditions before a study even begins.

How do you identify if a behavior is a key behavior for a study?

Dr. Nixon noted the following results: χ\chiχ 2(6, N= 422) = 10.72, p = .001, ᶲ = .20. Which of the following numbers represents the chi-square score in this results write-up?

Researchers set up a multigroup design and added a group that does not receive any form of the treatment and just completed the dependent variables in the experiment. This group is referred to as the:

Psychology As Science: Thinking Like a Researcher

The Research Process: Ideas to Innovations

Ethics: Making Ethical Decisions in Research

The Psychologists Toolbox: Tools for Building Better Designs

Qualitative Research: Getting Into the Mind of a Serial Killer

Observational Research: the Many Forms of Discipline in Parents Bag of Tricks

Survey Design and Scale Construction: Is Going Greek a Great Idea

Two-Group Design: Texting: I Cant Get You Out of My Mind

Within-Subjects Designs: Can Watching Reality Tv Shows Be Good for Us

Factorial Design: I Lost My Phone Number, Can I Borrow Yours Do Pickup Lines Really Work

Mixed Design: Which Therapy Is Best for Treating Eating Disorders

Using Research in the Real World: How Do You Know If You Are Truly Helping

a Statistical Tools for Answering Research Questions

Filters

Dr. Schubert noted the following results: F(2, 94) = .72, p = .02, eta² = .30. Which of the following numbers represents the significance level in this results write-up?

Dr. Nixon noted the following results: $\chi$ ²(6, N= 422) = 10.72, p = .001, ᶲ = .20. Which of the following numbers represents the chi-square score in this results write-up?