Exam 7: Learning

Skinner developed a procedure to guide a rat's actions toward a desired behavior.The procedure is known as

Paul and Michael sell magazine subscriptions by telephone.Paul is paid $1.00 for every five calls he makes,while Michael is paid $1.00 for every subscription he sells,regardless of the number of calls he makes.Paul's telephoning is reinforced on a ________ schedule,whereas Michael's is reinforced on a ________ schedule.

The study of respondent behavior is to ________ as the study of operant behavior is to ________.

John B.Watson considered himself to be a

Which of the following is LEAST likely to be considered an important component of effective student instruction involving the use of interactive software?

Janet has almost finished painting a neighbor's house,at which time she'll be paid $2000.The fact that she is increasingly unlikely to quit painting as she nears completion of the job best illustrates that operant behavior is strongly influenced by ________ reinforcers.

After watching violent cartoons,Jeremy and Julie engaged in the very same violence they saw on TV,such as flying karate kicks.This best illustrates that one of the factors contributing to the violence-viewing effect is

Which of the following provides evidence that a CR is not completely eliminated during extinction?

Biological constraints are ________ biological tendencies that predispose animals' behavior and learning.

After receiving a couple of traffic tickets for speeding,Masako no longer drives faster than the legal speed limit.This best illustrates the impact of

The tendency to discontinue behaviors that we observe others being punished for performing best illustrates the influence of

Prosocial behaviors are best described as actions that are

Ivan Pavlov and John B.Watson ________ the impact of biological constraints on classical conditioning and they ________ the impact of cognitive processes on classical conditioning.

The way slot machines reward gamblers with money best illustrates

If the sound of the refrigerator door opening causes Jessica to salivate because it has previously been associated with the presentation of food,Jessica's salivation to the sound of the door opening is a(n)

Which of the following is an unconditioned response?

Brenda is spanked after running into the street and so learns not to repeat this behavior.In this case,the spanking is a

The sea slug,Aplysia,withdraws its gills if it is squirted with water.If the squirts continue,as they do in nature,the withdrawal response will diminish.But if the sea slug receives an electric shock after being squirted,the withdrawal of the gills grows stronger.In applying classical conditioning to the example of the sea slug,the withdrawal of the gills to the squirt of water is the

In Aldous Huxley's Brave New World,infants develop a fear of roses after roses are presented with electric shock.In this fictional example,the presentation of the roses is the

A trainer wants a pigeon to quickly learn to peck a button to obtain food.She also wants to be sure the behavior is resistant to extinction.So,she should use ________ reinforcement until the response is mastered followed by ________ reinforcement.