Exam 7: Learning

Pigeons learn to flap their wings to avoid shock ________ easily than they learn to peck to avoid shock.They learn to flap their wings to obtain food ________ easily than they learn to peck a disk to obtain food.

Michelle is toilet training her young daughter.The child will probably be most successful with toilet training if Michelle rewards her based on

In classical conditioning,discrimination refers to the learned ability to distinguish between a ________ and irrelevant stimuli.

An integrated understanding of associative learning in terms of genetic predispositions,culturally learned preferences,and the predictability of certain associations is most clearly provided by

Which of the following is NOT a way in which conditioning can help an animal survive and reproduce?

After he was spanked on several occasions for spilling his milk at a restaurant,Colin became afraid to go to the restaurant.In this case,spanking was a(n)________ for Colin's fear.

Experiments suggest that children exposed to a model who says one thing and does another will

A word of praise is to a soothing back rub as ________ is to ________.

Pigs trained to pick up large wooden coins subsequently delayed receiving a food reinforcer because they would repeatedly drop and push the coins with their snout.This best illustrates

The sea slug Aplysia will withdraw its gills if it is squirted with water.If the squirts continue,as they do in nature,the withdrawal response will diminish.But if the sea slug receives an electric shock after being squirted,the withdrawal of the gills will grow stronger.This is an example of

One form of cognitive learning is called

Jessie is learning how to drive.As she drives,the light ahead changes from green to yellow,signaling a specific response.The light is an example of a

Pavlov is to classical conditioning as ________ is to ________.

A fixed-interval schedule of reinforcement is one in which a response is reinforced only after a(n)

Before Pavlov conditioned a dog to salivate in response to a tone,the tone was a(n)

Cassie did not do her chores today because she was distracted all afternoon by her friends.As a result,her parents gave her extra chores.The extra chores in this example are

Voluntary behaviors that produce consequences are called

An executive in a computer software firm works with his office door closed.At the same time every hour he opens the door to see what his employees are doing.The employees have learned to work especially hard during the five minutes before and while the door is open.Their work pattern is typical of responses that are reinforced on a ________ schedule.

Who was influential in the view that all animals share a common evolutionary history?

In Pavlov's experiments on the salivary conditioning of dogs,the CS was